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ART. VII. Report on the Investigation of British Marine Zool-
ogy by means of the Dredge, Part I. The Infra-
littoral Distribution of Marine Invertebrata on
the Southern, Western, and Northern Coasts of
Great Britain. By Professor EDWARD FORBES, 68
VIII. Whirlwinds produced by the Burning of Cane-
Brakes,
IX. A Chemical Examination of the Metals and Alloys
known to the Ancients. I. History. II. Ana-
lyses of Ancient Alloys. A. Coins struck prior
to the Christian Era. B. Analyses of Ancient
Arms and Cutting Instruments. C. Table of
Mean Composition of the Specimens analysed. D.
Deductions. By J. ARTHUR PHILLIPS, Esq.,
F.C.S.,
I. History,
II. Analyses of Ancient Alloys,—
A. Coins struck prior to the Christian Era,
B. Analyses of Ancient Arms and Cutting Instru-
ments,
C. Table shewing the Mean Compositions of the
Specimens Analysed,
96
D. Deductions,
X. Account of Observations on the Solar Eclipse of July
28, 1851, made at Sebastople. By EDWARD
SANG, Esq., F.R.S.S.A., Professor of Civil and
Mechanical Engineering, Constantinople. Com-
municated by the Royal Scottish Society of Arts, 103
XI. On the Scratching of Rocks by the passage over them
of Sharp Detrital Matter. By Lieut.-Colonel
PERTLOCK, F.R.S., President of the Geological
Society of Dublin,
111
XII. On the Remains of Druidical Temples near Penzance.
By RICHARD EDMONDS, Jun., Esq.,
123
XIII. On the Constitution of the Atmosphere. By M. LEWY.
Read to the French Academy of Sciences,
126
ART. XIV. M. B. Lewy's Expedition to New Granada.
1. Geology and Mineralogy, especially the remark-
able Discovery of the Geological Position of the
Emeralds of Muzo. 2. New Animals and Plants of
130
133
134
XV. Of the Occurrence of the Remains of the Rein-deer in
Scotland. By JOHN SCOULER, M.D., F.L.S.,
Communicated by the Author,
XVI. On certain New Applications of Prisms. By the Rev.
W. HODGSON, Old Brathay, Ambleside. With a
Plate.
135
137
XVII. Geological Notes. By Professor SILLIMAN, Junior, 141
XVIII. Observations on the Zodiacal Light; with an In-
quiry into its Nature and Constitution, and its
Relations to the Solar System. By DENISON
OLMSTED, Professor of Natural Philosophy and
Astronomy in Yale College. With a Plate. Read
before the American Association for the Advance-
ment of Science, at the Annual Meeting at Al- bany, August 1851,
Nature and Constitution of the Zodiacal Light,
XIX. Concerning the Successive Appearance and Disap-
pearance of Great Glaciers upon the present Sur-
148
156
face of the Terrestrial Globe. Extract of a Letter
from M. A. DE LA RIVE to M. ARAGO,
ART. XX. Meteorological and Astronomical Notices for Decem-
ber 1851. By Professor C. PIAZZI SMYTH,
Astronomer-Royal for Scotland,
170
1. Further illustrations of Lieut. Maury's Theory of the
Trade-Winds. 2. Lieut. Maury's Wind and Current
Charts--the important practical results afforded by
them. 3. Whale Charts, very interesting. 4. Hur-
ricane Charts, their importance illustrated in the case
of the encounter of the Pekin steamer with a Chinese
typhoon. 5. Saturn's Rings. 6. New Planet Eunomia.
7. New Satellites of Uranus. 8. Standard Thermo-
meters, 170-179
XXI. SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE :--
METEOROLOGY.
1. The Climatology of Arctic America in reference to
the fate of Sir John Franklin. 2. Atmospheric dis-
tribution of Iodine,
GEOLOGY.
3. On the Internal Structure of Mountains. By B.
Cotta. 4. On German Tertiary Formations. By F.
Sandberger. 5. On an extensive Rock-Formation of
Siliceous Polycistina from the Nicobar Islands. By
Prof. Ehrenberg. 6. Mr J. B. Guimet's Process for
the Manufacture of Artificial Ultramarine,
MINERALOGY.
180
181-183
7. Exhibition of Statues and Gems in the Crystal Palace, 184
ZOOLOGY.
8. Flying-Fish,
185
MISCELLANEOUS.
9. Monticelli's Collection of Minerals at Naples for
sale. 10. Science of Pisa. 11. Nocturnal Forest
Sounds,
186-188
XXII. List of Patents granted for Scotland from 22d Sep-
tember to 224 December 1851,
188
CONTENTS.
ART. I. Account of the Observations which have revealed
to us the Physical Constitution of the Sun, and
that of different stars: Examination of the
Conjectures of the Ancient Philosophers; and
of the Positive Data of Modern Astronomers,
concerning the Place in which the Sun should
be considered among the vast number of Stars
with which the Firmament is strewed.
ARAGO,
By M.
193
II. Opening of the Government School of Mines; and
of Science as applied to the Arts,
III. On Coral Reefs and Islands. By JAMES D.
DANA. (Continued from page 62):-
1. Formation of Coral Reefs,
IV. On the Filaria in the Blood of the Domestic Dog.
By MM. GRUBY and O. DELAFond,
V. Description of a Self-Acting Apparatus for pre-
venting Water-Pipes Bursting during Frost.
By Mr ALEXANDER MACPHERSON, F.R.S.S.A.,
of Leith. (Communicated by the Author.)
With a Plate,.
VI. Climate and Mortality of Glasgow, 1851. By
ROBERT DUNDAS THOMSON, F.R.S.E., Lecturer
on Chemistry in the University of Glasgow,
VII. On Fossil Footprints. By ROBERT HARKNESS,
Esq. (Communicated by the Author,)
210
221
233
238
243
246
10. The Animals of a Coral Reef. 11. Cause of
the Jet from the Blow-Holes of Whales, 362, 363
XXVII. List of Patents granted for Scotland from 22d
December 1851 to 24th March 1852,
368