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What town is the centre of the German booktrade? What of the English beer-trade? Where do men travel in a gondola, a jinriksha, a palanquin, or a reindeer-sledge respectively? Whence do we get mustard, coffee, quinine?

The answers to these questions may often include more places than one.

10. Which is the highest mountain in the world, the longest river, the largest fresh-water lake, the town at greatest elevation, the most southern town with more than 10,000 inhabitants, the smallest county in England, the most populous town in Scotland, the most western county in England, the most western province in France?

11. Where are the following towns:-Baltimore, Havana, Kurrachee, Mandalay, Novgorod, Palermo, Philadelphia, Rotterdam, Salonica, Turin ? Write a full account of two of these.

12. On what rivers are the following Australasian towns:-Albury, Bourke, Christchurch, Hobart, Horsham, Newcastle, Perth, Wagga, Wentworth?

13. Write an account of any two of the following:Alsace-Lorraine ;

The Bermudas;

The Levant;

The Valley of the Thames;

The West Coast Sounds in New Zealand.

14. Write a geographical account of New Guinea.

ELEMENTARY CHEMISTRY.

The Board of Examiners.

N.B.-Candidates are instructed NOT to answer more than SIX questions.

1. What do you understand by the terms acid oxide and basic oxide? Explain fully, with aid of examples.

2. Describe the substance produced by the combination of ammonia and hydrogen chloride. In what proportion by volume do these gases combine?

3. Explain the meaning of the phrase purified by sublimation. What non-metallic element do you know of that is usually purified by this process? 4. Explain and illustrate the law of multiple proportions.

5. Calculate the percentage composition of pure anhydrous sodium carbonate (Given: Na 23, C12, 016).

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6. What is a sulphide? Describe the properties and method of preparing any one with which you are acquainted?

7. Why should bromine and iodine be classed with chlorine in one natural group of elements?

8. How many oxides of phosphorus do you know of? How are they prepared? What compounds do they form when treated with water?

9. Gases are often dried and purified by passing them through bottles containing successively solid caustic potash and strong sulphuric acid? What would happen if you tried this method of drying the following gases-(1) ammonia, (2) carbon dioxide ?

10. What is a hydrocarbon? Mention two or three examples, and give an account of what occurs when they are burnt in the air.

ELEMENTARY PHYSICS.

The Board of Examiners.

Candidates are requested to answer the questions on Dynamics, and on one but not more than one of the three subjects-Heat, Sound and Light, Electricity and Magnetism.

DYNAMICS.

1. The ends of a uniform rod rest on two supports which are 8 feet apart. The rod is in a horizontal position, and its weight is 6 lbs. From a point in it distant 3 feet from one of the points of support a weight of 24 lbs. is suspended.

Find the pressure on each support.

2. Of two bodies, one has a mass of 2 cwt. and moves at the rate of 3 feet per second; the other has a mass of 42 lbs., and moves at the rate of 240 yards in a minute.

Compare the momenta of the bodies.

3. A tube filled with water is inverted with its open end in water, no air having got in. The top of the tube is 16 feet above the surface of the water. If the water barometer stands at 34 feet, what is the pressure in pounds per square foot at a point on the top of the tube? (Take 1,000 ounces as the weight of a cubic foot of water.)

4. The specific gravity of lead is 11.4, that of cork is 0.24. What weight of lead will make 5 lbs. of cork just float in water?

5. A man weighing 147 lbs. puts on his back a weight of 92 lbs., and carries it up a ladder to the height of 42 feet. How many foot-pounds of work does he do altogether, and what part of the work is done usefully?

6. Give in foot-pounds the energy of a train of 120 tons in weight, moving with a velocity of 45 miles per hour. Take g = 32, and use English, not French measures, in making the necessary calculations.

HEAT.

1. Explain what you mean by saying that the coefficient of linear expansion of cast iron is 0.00001.

A cast-iron tube is 10 feet long in winter when the thermometer is at freezing point. Find its length in summer when the thermometer is 30° C.

2. Describe the experiment by which Leslie showed that water can be frozen by its own evaporation.

3. State the effect on the volume of a given mass of air of altering its temperature without altering its pressure; and also the effect on its pressure of altering its temperature without altering its volume.

4. Distinguish between the meanings of the terms evaporation and ebullition; and state the laws of ebullition.

5. A vessel containing water is heated by a gas jet, and a thermometer placed in the water rises to 100° C. when the water begins to boil. Why does not the thermometer continue to rise? What becomes of the heat which is apparently lost?

6. What is meant by specific heat?

15 lbs. of copper at 80° C. are put into 18 lbs. of water at 42° C. Assuming that the specific heat of water is 10 times that of copper, and that the operation is conducted without the loss of any heat, what will be the temperature of the water?

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM.

1. Give a definition of the term unit of electricity; and calculate at what distance 5 units of positive electricity will attract 6 units of negative electricity with a force of 1.2 units.

2. Describe and explain the action of the gold-leaf electroscope.

3. Why does electricity manifest itself only on the surface of conductors; and what prevents its escape from the surface ?

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