Engraved for the Chemical Essays from an ancient Portrait in possession of the Author. Bacon, like Moses, led us forth at last,

The barren wildernefs he past.

Did on the very border stand

Of the blest promis'd land,

And from the mountains top of his exalted wit. Saw it himself, and shewd us it.

PRINCIPALLY RELATING TO

THE ARTS AND MANUFACTURES

OF

THE BRITISH DOMINIONS.

BY SAMUEL PARKES, F.L.S. M.R.I. F.S.A. Ed.

Member of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland,
Fellow of the Geological and Astronomical Societies of London,
And of the Wernerian, Horticultural and Highland Societies of Scotland;
Member of the American Philosophical Society, and
Master of Arts of Yale College, Connecticut;

Member of the Imperial Natural History Society of Moscow,
The Academy of Sciences, Arts and Belles Lettres at Dijon,
And the Academy of Medicine at Marseilles;

Honorary Member of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall,
The Antiquarian Society of Newcastle upon Tyne,

The Agricultural Societies of Philadelphia and Massachusetts, and
The Society for the Promotion of National Industry and the Arts at Lisbon ;
Corresponding Member of

The Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester; the Academy
of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia; the Philomathique
Society of Paris; and the Imperial Agricultural, and Physico-Medical
Societies of Moscow, &c.

AUTHOR OF

THE CHEMICAL CATECHISM, THE RUDIMENTS OF CHEMISTRY,

&c &c.

THE SECOND EDITION,

Greatly enlarged, and illustrated with twenty-four Plates, of Machinery
and Chemical Apparatus.

VOL. I.

London:

PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR ;

AND PUBLISHED BY BALDWIN, CRADOCK, AND JOY,
PATERNOSTER ROW.

Entered at Stationers' Hall.

D

MAY 938

LIBRA

PRINTED BY R. TAYLOR, SHOE-LANE, LONDON.

PREFACE

то

THE FIRST EDITION.

NOTHING can be of more importance to the people of a manufacturing country than the cultivation of a taste for philosophical and chemical inquiries. Manufactories cannot be conducted without the employment of a variety of artificial as well as natural productions, and it behoves the workmen as well as their employers, to become acquainted with the intimate nature and properties of the respective materials on which they have occasion to operate.

To enable such persons to pursue these investigations with advantage, it is requisite that they should not only possess a knowledge of the elements of chemical science, but acquire also a constant habit of observing the effects which different bodies