To arched walks of twilight groves

And shadows brown that Sylvan loves: (cp. v. 22)

28. quod invitet so as to invite sleep. The proper antecedent to 'quod' is involved in, or understood with, the verbs preceding.

29. annus hibernus. So in Tibull. 1. i. 13.

synonymous with 'ver.'

Novus annus ' is

32-48. Compare the description of the Swiss in Goldsmith's Traveller. 39. in partem juvet. Cp. Eur. Elect. 71 sq. [M.]

40. Virg. Geo. ii. 523:

Interea dulces pendent circum oscula nati,
Casta pudicitiam servat domus.

43. Compare Gray's Elegy, st. 6:

"For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn,
Or busy housewife ply her evening care;

No children run to lisp their sire's return,

58. Malvæ.

Fast. iv. 697.

Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share."

These are mentioned as humble or labourer's fare in Ov.

63. Cp. Virg. Ecl. ii. 66; Ov. F. v. 497. [M.]

70. I.e. when he had called in all his money, being on the point of turning farmer and applying it accordingly, he could not resist the effect of habit, and the temptation of the kalends: he returned to his negotia.

EPODE III,

14. Siticulosæ. Cp. Virg. Geor. ii. 353: Hiulca siti findit Canis æstifer arva.' [0.] So 'Sitiunt herbæ,' and 'Sitientes Indos,' Geor. iv. 402, 425. Homericè πoλudíov' (scil. Il. d. 171). [M.]

EPODE IV.

(On the subject of this poem see Class. Museum, vol. ii. p. 208. Mr. Dyer holds that Menas is the person attacked, and argues from Dio. xlviii. 25 that he did hold military as well as naval commands.)

1. Cp. Ov. Ibis 43. [G.] Add Aristoph. Pax, 1075.

sortito obtigit. This phrase is from Plautus, Merc. 1. ii. 25. [M.] 3. Cp. Anacreon, Fr. 19:

πολλὰ μὲν ἐν δουρὶ τιθεὶς αὐχένα πολλὰ δ ̓ ἐν τροχῷ,

πολλὰ δὲ νῶτον σκυτίνῃ μάστιγα θωμιχθεὶς,

Νῦν δ ̓ ἐπιβαίνει σατινέων (ep. v. 14). [Μ.]

8. In illustration of this the Scholiast quotes Cicero's sarcastic description, 'velis amictos non togis,' Catil. ii. 10, which corresponds to Juvenal's (x. 39) aulæa togæ.'

9. This may, perhaps, be properly translated thus: "See how a free (i. e. unreserved, undisguised) scorn alters the countenance of all who pass along." All commentators, however, appear to construe 'ora' as 'oculos;' 'vertat' as synonymous with either convertat' or 'avertat' (i.e. scorn draws all eyes on you, or turns them away). But no one has adduced any instance of verto,' when uncompounded and without a preposition, bearing this meaning. (With a preposition it occurs in Tac. Ann. xiii. 8: Corbulo omnium ora in se verteret.') It may moreover be asked whether 'indignatio' could stand as the uom. c. to avertit' or 'convertit ora?' Whether these terms are not always used subjectively, agreeing with the person as their nom. case? as in E. II. i. 196. When Livy, iii. 50, says respersus ipse cruore tota in se castra convertit,' would the idiom equally allow cruor' to be the nom. with the substitution of in illum' for 'in se ?' Or can this construction stand for præ indignatione vertunt ora? 17. ora navium rostrata. "Sine exemplo dictum videtur." [0.] Bentley ingeniously conjectured 'æra,' but unnecessarily.

6

EPODE V.

7. Commentators illustrate this from Quintil. Decl. 340: Illud sacrum prætextarum, quo sacerdotes velantur, quo magistratus: quo infirmitatem pueritiae sacram facimus ac venerabilem.' So [D.] cites custos purpura from Pers. S. v. 30.

9. noverca. Cp. C. III. xxiv. 18; and Eur. Ion, 1025:

φθονεῖν γάρ φασι μητρυιὰς τέκνοις.

13. Cp. Shakesp. Henry VI. Pt. III. Act i. Sc. 4:

"That face of his the hungry cannibals

Would not have touched," &c.

17. caprificos. Cp. Juv. x. 145; Mart. x. ii. 9, quoted by [0.]

19. ova plumamque strigis are to be construed together.

33. bis terque. See note on A. P. 358, 'bis terve.' There is, perhaps, the like difference between 'unus et alter' and 'unus aut alter,' which occurs in Plin. Ep. ii. 13.

51, 52. Cp. Shakesp. Henry VI. Pt. II. Act iv. Sc. 4.

61. Cp. Theocr. ii. 15. [M.]

82. atris is understood to denote the thick smoky flame thrown out by bitumen. [M.] cites Ov. Met. xiv. 792, 'fumante bitumine;' and Virg. En. vii. 457, 'atro lumine fumantes tædas.'

85. Cp. Eur, Hel. 630:

πολλοὺς δ' ἐν μέσῳ λόγους ἔχων

οὐκ οἶδ ̓ ὁποίου πρῶτον ἄρξομαι τὰ νῦν.

89. agam. So Gr. kakoîs èλaúvoμai (I am persecuted), Eur. Andr. 31. 92-96. Cp. Ov. Ibis, 145–158. [M.]

99. different. So Gr. diapépw, and diapopéw.

102. Effugerit.

Cp. Sat. II. vi. 40.

This future is less positive than the simple future.
Here it may be taken as a quasi-optative.

EPODE VI.

5. Molossus, a breed of dogs in Epirus (see Conington on Geo. iii.
405). Cp. Lucret. v. 1062.

Lacon. So Shakesp. Mids. N. Dream, Act iv. Sc. 1:

"I was with Hercules and Cadmus once,

When in a wood of Crete they bayed the boar
With hounds of Sparta

"My hounds are bred out of the Spartan kind."
Lucr. 1. c. latrant et vocibus omnia complent.'

9. voce c.

13. Cp. Ov. Ibis, 53:

in te mihi liber iambus

Tincta Lycambeo sanguine tela dabit.

EPODE VII.

6. Romanus. The sing. n. is poetically used in a plural or collective
sense, as in Sat. II. i. 37; Virg. Æn. vi. 851.

9. [M.] cites Hom. Il. a. 255:

Η κεν γηθήσαι Πρίαμος . . . .

Εἰ σφῶιν τάδε πάντα πυθοίατο μαρναμένοιῖν.

11. Cp. Juv. xv. 159–65; Plin. H. N. 7, Præf. [D.]

19. Remi. See the story of his death in Ov. F. iv. 837-52; Liv. i. 7.
It is made an instance for argument in Cic. Off. iii. 10.

EPODE IX.

7. Neptunius. S. Pompey assumed the title of 'Son of Neptune.'
'Dio. xlviii. 19.' [0.]

8. ustis navibus. Sc. by Octavian. 'Dio. xlix. 10.' [0.]
16. conopium. Cp. Propert. III. xi. 45:

17. hoc frementes. Cp. Virg. Æn. xi. 132: unoque omnes eadem
ore fremebant; and Livy, ix. 3: cum pro ingenio quisque fremerent; and
ix. 5: hæc frementibus hora fatalis ignominiæ advenit.

18. Galli, i. e. the Galatian troops of Deiotarus and Amyntas who
went over from Antony to Octavian. (See Plutarch's Life of Antony.)
canentes. [0.] compares Virg. Æn. vii. 698:

-

Ibant æquati numero regemque canebant.
(Where see Forbiger.)

25. Africanum. The reading Africano' is evidently a corruption.
26. This is a poetical figure to express that the ruins of Carthage are
the monument of its conqueror. Cp. Μνῆμα μὲν Ἑλλὰς ἁπᾶσ ̓ Εὐριπίδου,
Οστέα δ ̓ ἴσχει γῆ Μακέδων, Gr. Anth. iii. 25; and ̓Αντὶ τάφου λιτοίο
Oès 'Exλáda, Ib. iii. 5 (cited by Bentley, but in support of a conjecture).
28. mutavit. Lachm. ad Luer. ii. 829: 'scribendum est mutabit.'

30. non suis. Forbiger on Virg. Æn. ii. 396, ‘hand numine nostro,'
has many quotations to illustrate this use of 'suus,' e.g. Æn. v. 832: ferunt
sua flamina classem. So Ov. Trist. v. v. 60: Implêssent venti si mea
vela sui. Cp.meus' in Ov. Ep. xii. 84 :

Sed mihi tam faciles unde meosque Deos ?

And 'noster' in Liv. ix. 19 (quoted by O.): nunquam nostris locis
laboravimus. Cp. Virg. Æn. xii. 187. Cic. de Cl. Or. 1 has ‘alienissimo
reip. tempore' closely followed by and contrasted with ‘suo magis quam
suorum civium tempore.'

34. Chia. Chian wines are intended by Virgil's 'vina Ariusia,' Ecl.
v. 71; and 'rex ipse Phanæus,' Geo. ii. 98.

EPODE X.

4. memento. Is there any other instance of this verb being followed
by ut, instead of an infinitive?

5. inverso. [M.] explains this from Virg. Æn. i. 125, ‘imis stagna
refusa vadis;' and Æn. ii. 419,imo Nereus ciet æquora fundo.'

22. porrecta. Bentley conj. 'projecta;' Fea fairly objects that it
is a less significant word, being used of those who escape from, as well as
those who die by, wreck; quoting Lucr. v. 223; Ov. Pont. II. iii. 30.

EPODE XI.

10. latere, etc., i. e. 'sighs.' Cp. Shakesp. As You Like It. Act ii.
Sc. 7: The lover sighing like furnace.' And again, Ib. Act v. Sc. 2:
"To love.

-

It is to be all made of sighs and tears.”

petitus. Plaut. Cistell. 1. i 57:

hoc sis vide: ut petivit sus-

ὡς ἀνιηρὸν

pirium alte!' Call. Ep. xlv. 1:

πνεῦμα διὰ στηθέων, εἶδες, ἀνηγάγετο. [Μ.]

15. inæstuat. This is the reading of some editions, with little MS.
authority. It would mean, But if this is a free and high-spirited resent-
ment that is boiling in my breast,' &c. But v. 11 implies not that he
feels anger, but only threatens it in idle despair.

18. Desinet. One would expect 'desinat' to correspond with 'inæstuet.'
But there is the same constr. in C. 11. iii. 8.

summ. pudor, i. e. desinam summoto pudore.

19 te palam. Used like coram te,' openly in your presence. [0.]
cites Ov. Trist. v. x. 39, 'Meque palam.'.

EPODE XII.

4. sagacius unus. This usage of 'unus' with a comparative, not a
superlative, is very rare. [O.] quotes Wagner on Virg. Æn. i. 15.
7. vietis. The e is long; but see Munro on Lucr. i. 360.

EPODE XIII.

2. Jovem. Cicero in N. D. i. 15, after declaring the Stoic doctrine,
ipsum mundum Deum esse,' goes on thus: "Idem (sc. Chrysippus)
disputat, æthera esse eum quem homines Jovem appellarent," etc. Comp.
Acad. ii. 41.

3. rapiamus. Most commentators interpret this according to the
meaning of C. III. xvii. 9 sqq., use the opportunity of this wintry gloom.'
[O.] explains it, seize the opportunity as hastily as it is offered:'
"arripiamus occasionem nos exhilarandi eadem celeritate quâ dies hodier-
nus illam offert; crastino minime confisi," quoting C. 11. viii. 27.

11. Centaurus, i. e. Chiron, dikaιóтatos Kevтaúpwv,' Hom. Il. ›
832. [0.]

13. frigida. For the propriety of this epithet Homer, Il. x. 151,
quoted.

Parvi. This adj., however, is at variance with H. Il. y. 73, μéyas
Tóτaμos Baludívпs. But [O.] shows that the conjectures proposed instead
of it are worth little. And see the dissertation in Gladstone's Homer,
vol. iii. p. 514, on the difference between the Virgilian and Homeric
descriptions of these two rivers.

14. lubricus, gliding,' 'rapid.' Cp. Ov. Fast. iv. 337.

18. alloquiis. Cp. Liv. ix. 6: vultusque benigni et alloquia.

EPODE XIV.

7. olim promissum carmen. See the inference, a cumulative argu-
ment against part of Bentley's Chronology, drawn from this verse, in
Class. Museum, vol. ii. p. 209.

13. Ureris, 'You are in love,' sc. with Terentia. Cp. the compli-
mentary mention in C. II. xii. 13 sqq. We have no clear information as
to the time of Mæcenas's marriage. If the dates of the various odes could
be established, they might afford a clue. C. II. xii. implies a recent
marriage; this Epode a courtship, and a successful one.

EPODE XV.

3. Cp. Virg. Ecl. viii. 19: Divos, quanquam nil testibus illis Profeci.'
4. Cp. Ov. A. A. i. 687: 'Jurabant omnes in læsi verba mariti.' And
conversely, 'quod præceptum est jurant,' Liv. i.

5. Cp. Shakespeare, Mids. Night, Act iv. Sc. 1:

"The female ivy so

Enrings the barky fingers of the elm.'

15. cedet formæ. [B.] quotes Ov. Am. IIL xi. 37: 'fugientem forma
reducit.'

16. certus dolor, a settled resentment.' 'Intrârit,' sc. me; others
have understood te, and interpreted the line assi te pænituerit.' This
would give a less proper sense to 'dolor.'