Blessed ben thei that suffren persecucion for rightwisnesse for the kyngdom of hevenes is herun Wielif. Matthew, c. 5. Blessed are they which suffre persecution for righteousnes sake for theirs is the kyngdome of heauen. Bible, 1551. Ib. And after sixe dayes Jhesus tooke Petre & James and Jon and ledde hem by hemsilf aloone into an high hil, and he was transfigurid bifore hem.-Wielif. Mark, c. 9. And after vi. dayes Jesus toke Peter James and John, aud led theym vp into an hye mountayne oute of the waye alone, and he was transfygured before them.-Bible, 1551. İb. To tellen you alle the condition Me thinketh it accordant to reson, Of ech of hem, so as it semed me, And whiche they weren, and of what degre. Chaucer. Prol. to the Canterbury Tales, v. 37. The sea nowe ebbeth. and nowe it floweth. The lond now welketh, and now it groweth. Now ben the trees with leaues greene, Now thei be bare and nothynge seene. And thervpon what shall befall, He not, till that the chance fail: Gower. Con. A. Prol. Where he shall lese or he shal wynne; And thus full ofte men begyn, That if the wisten what it ment Thei wolde change all their intent -Id. Ib. b. i. And he with great humilitee Out of his chare to grounde lepte, And them in both his armes clepte, And kist them bothe foot and honde Id. Ib. When ye correct the, let Gods word be by, and do it wyth such good maner that they may see how that ye doe it to amend them onely, & to bring them vnto the way which God biddeth us walke in.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 121. And this deadly sore of wrath of which so much harme groweth, maketh men unlike themselfe, maketh us lyke woode wulfes or furyes of hell.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 87. So without least impulse or shadow of Fate, Both what they judge, and what they choose: for so I found them free, and free they must remain, Till they enthrall themselves; I else must change My thoughtless youth was wing'd with vain desires, Theirs buxom health of rosy hue, And lively cheer of vigour born: That fly th' approach of mora-Gray. Eton College. The Christian religion exists, and therefore by some means or other was established: Now it either owes the principle of its establishment, i. e. its first publication, to the activity of the person who was the founder of the institution and of those who were joined with him in the undertaking, or are driven upon the strange supposition, that, although they might lie by, others would take it up: although they were quiet and silent, others busied themselves in the success and propagation of their story. Paley. Evidences of Christianity, c. 1. Prop. 1. Item, ten or twelue pieces of Westerne karsies, being thicked well and close shut in the weauing, and died into scarlets and fine reds. I thinke there wil be no such cloth for noblemens caps.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 362. Moses was terrible to bee seen, but in suche wyse that constreigned he was to couer his face: Christe is milde and full of courteous humanitie, and puttyng hymself in compaignie emong the thickest of the people.-Udal. Luke, c. 3. I did perceiue, that I must go, if I did prosecute my purpose, ouer places incumbred with many and sudrye difficulties: hedged and diched, parted and diuided with fluddes, and gulfes, ouer the which it should not be possible to passe by reasō of thickets, & standing moates.-Id. Pref. to John. King Alexander the great, when he warred against the Persians and Medians, made a wall of a woonderfull height and thicknesse, extending from the same city to the Georgians.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 345. That no cap should be thicked or fulled in any mill, untill the same had first been well scoured and closed upon the bank, and half-footed at least upon the foot-stock. Fuller. Worthies. Monmouthshire. And this is the reason that some have likened envy unto a smoak, which at the first when the fire beginneth to kindle, ariseth grosse and thick, but after that it burneth light and clear, vanisheth away and is gone. Holland. Plutarch, p. 320. Which when that warriour heard, dismounting straict From his tall steed, he rusht into the thick, And soone arrived where that sad pourtraict Of death and dolour lay, halfe dead, halfe quick. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 1. About which, a bright thickned bush of golden haire, did play, Which Vulcan forg'd him for his plume. Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. xix. They let it remaine within mortars in the sun, and there take the thickening; and so at length reduce it into certain trochischs, and reserve them for use. Holland. Plinie, b. xxiv. c. 12. Consider that mists, fogs, and clouds are no congelations, but onely gatherings, and thicknings of a moist and vapour air.-Id. Plutarch, p. 817. He who is altogether unskilful of husbandry and tillage, maketh no reckoning at all of a ground which he seeth full of rough bushes and thickets, beset with savage trees, and overspread with rank weeds.-Id. Ib. p. 447. Vpon his honord head he plac'd his helmet, thickly plum'd, And then his strong and well pilde lance, in his faire So that your sins no leisure him afford Drayton. Noah's Flood. The thick-brain'd audience lively to awake, When suddenly began A fierce and dangerous fight; where Corineus ran Nor can I bide to pen some hungrie scene Bp. Hall. Satires, b. i. Through reeden pipes convey the golden flood, Nor had they miss'd; but he to thickets fled, Nor think, because my limbs and body bear Full in the centre of the town there stood, Thick-set with trees, a venerable wood. Dryden. Virgil. Æneis, b. i Thus, rais'd beneath its parent tree, is seen Hughes. Claudianus. The men with as little consideration or humanity as the officer, immediately discharged their pieces among the thickest of the flying crowd, consisting of more than a hundred.-Id. First Voyage, b. i. c. 9. Near the sea the land is very low, but within there are some lofty hills, all thickly clothed with wood. Id. Ib. b. iii. c. 2. Thus a foundation will be laid for it [salt] to accumulate to any thickness by falls of snow, without its being at all necessary for the sea water to freeze. THIEVE, v. Id. Second Voyage, b. iv. c. 7. To take (sc.) that which be- & if a clerke men founde in his lond that reft, Thorgh slauhter or wounde, or thorgh other theft, Men suld schewe his guilte in the courte of lay, & ther be saued or splite, bot Thomas said him nay. R. Brunne, p. 129. Wher theoves hadden bounde A man. Piers Ploukman, p. 324. In that hour, Jhesus seide to the puple, as to a theef ye han gon out with swerdis and battis to take me. Wiclif. Matthew, c. 26. The same tyme sayde Jesus to the multytude: ye be come out as it were vnto a thefe, with swerdes and staues for to take me.-Bible, 1551. Ib. And thei crucifyeden with him twei thevis, oon at the right half and oon at his left half.-Wiclif. Mark, c, 15. And they crucyfyed with hym two theues: the one on the ryght hande, and the other on hys lefte.-Bible, 1551. Ib. For of the herte gon out yvel thoughtis, mansleyngis, avoutries, fornycaciouns, theftis, false witnessyngis, blasfemyes.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 15. For out of the heart come euell thoughtes, murder, breaking of wedlocke, whoredome, thefte, false witnesbearyng, blasphemye.-Bible, 1551. Ib. I trewe wight and a theef thinken not on. Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,851. A man that is to desiring to gete richesses, abandoneth him first to thefte and alle other eviles. Id. The Tale of Melibeus. Doun was the sunne, and day hath lost his light, And in the night full theefely gan he stalke, Id. Lucrece of Rome. So that an eie is as a thefe Gower. Con. A. b. i. Perceyuing they could not wt out manifest peryll enter wythin the bounds of the prouince, considering how the army persewed the, nor yet raunge abroade and go a theuinge at theyr pleasure, stayed together in the country of the Cardukes.-Goldinge. Cæsar, fol. 260. Caninius the lieutenant with two legios, pursued after them, least to the disquietnesse and losse of the prouince, some great dishonor might be receiued by the theuery of those lewd vnthrifts.-Id. Ib. fol. 259. These people are very theeuish, which I proued to my cost for they stole a casket of mine, with things of good value in the same, from vnder my man's head as he was p. 269. asleepe.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. And as he hath theuishlye spoiled and made away pore men's liuings, the patrimonye of his bishopricke, so would he (if he were bidden) saye, Christ was a hangman and his father a thiefe. Bp. Gardner. Of True Obedience, To the Reader. Thou seest I walk in darkness like a thief, That fears to see the world in his own shape, My very shadow frights me. Beaum. & Fletch. The Night Walker, Act iv. 11 M And what befell her in that theevish wonne, Id. Faerie Queene, b. vi. c. 10. Tusser. Good Husbandry, c. 53. But since thou stealst upon me like a spie, Beaum. & Fletch. The Pilgrim, Act ii. sc. 2. Judas having long persisted in his thievery and sacrilege, notwithstanding all those warnings and admonitions our Saviour had given him to the contrary, was at length abandoned to that devil to whose temptations he had been so obsequious.-Scott. Christian Life, pt. ii. c. 7. They are indued with good natural wits, are ingenious, nimble, and active, when they are minded; but generally very lazy and thievish, and will not work unless forced by hunger.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1686. One of our men in the midst of these hardships was found guilty of theft, and condemned for the same, to have three blows from each man in the ship, with a two-inch and a half rope on his bare back.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1686. I must bear my testimony, that the people of this country [Otaheite] of all ranks, men and women, are the arrantest thieves upon the face of the earth. Cook. First Voyage, b. i. c. 10. THIGH. A. S. Theoh; Dut. Die, diege; which Martinius (see Skinner) derives from Ger. Deihen, crescere, to grow; and Tooke thinks Thigh, (gh for ck) is thick. The thick (sc.) limb; from the knee to the hip-joint. A gret pece of ys owe thy he kerf out wyth a knyf. R. Gloucester, p. 244. And when he sawe yt he coulde not preuayle agaist him, he smote him vnder ye thye, and the senowe of Jacobs thye shrake as he wrestled with him.-Bible, 1551. Genesis, c. 32. Anone one sent out of the thicket neare A cruell shaft headed with deadly ill, And fethered with an unlucky quill; Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 5. Sure as heauen, Poore Irus pull'd vpon him bitter blowes, Luc. What would you have me to do? this scurvy sword Beaum. & Fletch. Love's Cure, Act ii. sc. 2. Onesimus far'd worse, prepar'd to fly; Dryden. Ovid. Metam. b. viii. I would particularly solicit the reader's attention to this Hors and Hengist bothe, that twei brethre were, R. Gloucester, p. 111. Depeinted was the slaughter of Julius, Of gret Nero, and of Antonius: All be that thilke time they were unborne. An arowe out of a bowe All sodenly within a throwe The soldan smote, and there he laie. And he was bore in to a tent.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii. THILL. A. S. Thille. A bord, a plank, a The raised shaft of a cart or waggon; the thill Tusser. Husbandry Furniture. THIMBLE. A dim. of Thumb. thumb; worn also on the finger. And some went so narrow Skelton. Elinour Rumming. The 24 likewise we sold bels, sheetes, and thimbles, and tooke two li. one ounce and a quarter of gold. Thin-set with palm, And olive rarely interspers'd, whose shade The quiver'd Arabs' vagrant clan, that waits It must be allowed, however, that the number we took Th' oppressive, sturdy, man-destroying villains, Blair. Grave. The ways were less frequented, and the country more thinly inhabited.-Idler, No. 49. Those in the tree, though generally constructed under some over-hanging branch, from the nature and thinness of their crust or wall, cannot be [proof against wet.] Cook. First Voyage, b. iii. c. 6. In conjunction with other checks and limits, all subservient to the same purpose, are the thinnings which take place among animals, by their action upon one another. Paley. Natural Theology, c. 26. THING. Dut. Dingh; Ger. Ding; Sw. Ting: A.S. Thinc, thing; which Wachter, after Martinius, derives from thein, facere, to do; thing, that which is done. It appears from Wachter himself, that the Ger. Ding is of very various and extensive application, to any (thing) thought, said, or done; and Tooke considers thing to differ from think only in the final letter; and even this distinction is not preserved in certain provincial pronunciations. Bp. Hoper (he adds) wrote think. Nothink is a vulgarism, but, like many others, The first, a travelling tailor, who by the mystery of his Pope. The Basset Table. THIN, adj. THINNESS. Little, small, minute; scanty, slim, slender; superficial, insubstantial :-opposed to thick. Where wonnen now the bones of trew Fabricius? What is nowe Brutus, or sterne Caton? The thynne fame yet lastyng of hir ydle names, is marked with a few letters. Chaucer. Boecius, b. iii. They eate in all those partes of the Indies and beyond the Indies, the leafe of an herbe which they call bettell, the which is like vnto our juie leafe, but a litle lesser and thinner.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. p. 223. The land is in situation, goodnes and fairenesse like the other it hath woods like the other, thinne and full of diuers sorts of trees.-Id. Ib. vol. iii. p. 297. This distinction is a metaphysical nothing, and is brought Bp. Taylor. Dissuasive from Popery, b. i. pt. ii. § 5. In others are admired, In thee are altogether met, Which make thee so desired.-Brome. A Mock Song. The extreme lightness of her [a bird's] furniture being More. Antidote against Atheism, b. ii. c. 11. § 13. And Hector calls words. This word cannot be explained in its general signification, without the use, express or implied, of itself. Thing is, That which (aliquid), any (thing) which, we think, or which causes us to think; that which It is usually causes thought, sensation, feeling. contradistinguished from person, though sometimes applied emphatically to persons. See the quotation from Hobbs. He bi gan to loue Brut so muche, for ys faire cheiance, For ther nys in thi kyndam so wys mon y wys, If I haue not charite it profitith to me no thing. Id. 1 Corynth. c. 13. "As thus, ye wote that every evangelist, Chaucer. Prol. to Melibeus, v. 13,814. Till that the high kyng of kynges, As though thei loude wyndes were.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. The thing that hath bene cometh to passe agayne: and the thinge yt hath bene done, is done agayne, there is no new thyng vnder the sunne.-Bible, 1551. Ecclesiastes, c. 1. Mens yeyes be obedient unto the Creatour, that they may se on think, and yet not another. Bp. Hoper. Declaration of Christe, c. s. King. Things done well, And with a care, exempt themselues from feare; Things done without example in their issue, Are to be fear'd.-Shakespeare. Hen. VIII. Act i. sc. 2. The universality of one name to many things, hath been the cause that men think the things are themselves universal; and so seriously contend, that besides Peter and John, and all the rest of the men that are, have been, er shall be in the world, there is yet something else that we call man, viz man in general deceiving themselves, by taking the universal, or general appellation, for the thing it signifieth.-Hobbs. Human Nature, c. 5. Axiome! What ever things are in themselves, they are nothing to us, but so far forth as they become known to our faculties or cognitive powers. More. Immortality of the Soul, b. i. c. 2. § 2. Such ways of speaking, (sc. that fire is light and hot) though accommodated to the vulgar notions, without which, one cannot be well understood; yet truly signifie nothing, but those powers, which are in things, to excite certain sensations or ideas in us. Since were there no fit organs to receive the impressions fire makes on the sight and touch; nor a mind joined to those organs, to receive the ideas of light and heat, by those impressions from the fire, or the sun, there would yet be no more light, or heat in the world, than there would be pain, if there were no sensible creature to feel it, though the sun should continue just as it is now, and Mount Etna flame higher than ever it did. Locke. Hum. Underst. b. ii. c. 30. You seem to forget, that it is some time since words have been no longer allowed to be signs of things. Modern grammarians acknowledge them to be (as indeed Aristotle called them, ovußola abnuarov) the signs of ideas: at the same time denying the other assertion of Aristotle, that ideas are the likenesses of things. Tooke. Diversions of Purley, pt. i. c. 1. Things real are such as are permanent, fix'd and immoveable, which cannot be carried out of their place; as lands and tenements; things personal are goods, money and all other moveables; which may attend the owner's person wherever he thinks proper to go. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. ii. c. 2. THINK, v. THINKING, n. THOUGHTFUL. THOUGHTLESSLY. Goth. Thancjan; A. S. Thenc-ean, thinc-an; Dut. Dencken; Ger. Denken; Sw. Tanka, reri, sentire, concipere, percipere, cogitare. See THING. It requires much care, and nice observation to extract and separate the precious oar from so much vile mixture; so that the understanding must be patient, and wary, and thoughtful in seeking truth.-Glanvill, Ess. 1. "Oh come, let us climb up to the hill, where God sees or is seen," saith devout Bernard. "O all ye cares, distractions, thoughtfulness, labours, pains, servitudes, stay ye. here."-Bp. Hall. Cont. The Transfiguration of Christ. Since he that rul'd, as it in right behou'd, Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. v. We know certainly by experience that we sometimes think, and thence draw this infallible consequence, that there is something in us that has a power to think: but whether that substance perpetually thinks or no, we can be no farther assur'd than experience informs us. Locke. Hum. Underst. b. ii. c. 1. Tho thinking be suppos'd ever so much the proper action of the soul, yet it is not necessary to suppose that it should be always thinking, always in action.-Id. Ib. He was able, here and there, to delude a superficial thinker with his new terms and reasonings: but the hardest task of all was, thoroughly to deceive him. Atterbury, vol. iv. Ser. 4. I hope it will not be thought arrogance to say, that perhaps we should make greater progress in the discovery of rational and contemplative knowledg, if we sought it in the fountain, in the consideration of things themselves, and made use rather of our own thoughts than other mens to find it. Locke. Hum. Underst. b. i. c. 4. But his meaning plainly is, to forbid such a care and concern for future accidents, as is attended with uneasiness, Men sayden eke, that Arcite shal not die, He shal ben heled of his maladie. And of another thing they were as fayn, That of hem alle was ther non yslaine, Al were they sore yhurt, and namely on, That with a spere was thirled his brest bone. Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2707. By the sea coast as the fish was foude of a wonderfull greatnesse, called a thirle-poole. Bale. English Votaries, fol. 105. THIRST, v. THIRST, N. THIRSTY. THIRSTILY. Dut. Dorst, dorsten; Ger. Durst, dur-ren; Sw. Torr ; A. S. Thyrst, thyrst-an; Goth. Thaursus, thaursyan, siccare, arescere, sitire, to dry, to parch: me thyrste, sitit me; it thirsteth me or causeth me to thirst, (Lye.) THIRSTINESS. To dry; to be or cause to be dry, to parch; to need moisture, to seek or require moisture; to desire, to wish for drink; generally, to desire or wish with the eagerness of one coveting drink. He that cometh to me schal not hungre; he that bileueth in me schal neuere thirste.-Wiclif. Jon, c. 6. He that commeth vnto me shall not hongre: and he that beleueth on me shal neuer thruste.-Bible, 1551. Ib. For I hungride and ye gaven not me to ete, I thristide and ye gaven not me to drinke.-Wiclif. Matt. c. 25. For I was an hungred, and ye gaue me no meate. I thursted, & ye gaue me no drincke.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Thanne just men schulen answere to him & seye, Lord whanne sighen we thee hungry and we fedden thee? thirsty To have feelings or sensations; to feel; to perceive, to conceive, to imagine, to fancy; to have or hold a perception distrust, and despondency; such a degree of thoughtfulness, and we gaven to thee drynke.-Id. Ib. THOUGHTLESSNESS. or conception, an opinion, a judgment; to deem, to judge; to hold or retain, to recal, a feeling, a perception; to remind, to recollect, to remember; to dwell upon our thoughts or perceptions; to observe, to consider, to meditate; to deliberate. The word is applied very widely to the various operations of the mind upon things past, present, or to come. Me thinketh; him thinketh; i. e. it thinketh me or him, or causeth me or him to think. And see THIRST. Mede ys worthy me thinketh. the maystrye to have. Piers Plouhman, p. 52. But who of you thenkynge, may putte to his stature o cubit ?-Wielif. Matthew, c. 6. Whiche of you (thoughe he tooke thought therfore) coulde put one cubit vnto his stature?-Bible, 1551. Ib. Whanne I was a litil child I spak as a litil child, I undirstood as a litil child, I thoughte as a litil child. Wiclif. 1 Corynth, c. 13. For the wisdom of this world is foli anentis God, for it is writun I schal catche wise men in her fel wisdom; and eft the Lord knowith the thoughtis of wise men for tho ben veyn.-Id. Ib. c. 3. For the wysdome of thys worlde is folyshnes with God. For it is wrytten: he compasseth the wyse in their craftynes. And agayne, God knoweth the thoughtes of the wyse that they bee vayne.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Than is it wisdom, as it thinketh me Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 3043. Sothelye dulle witte and a thoughtfull soule so sore haue mined and graffed in my spirites, that soche craft of enditinge woll nat ben of mine acquaintaunce. Id. The Conclusion of the Astrolabie. Whiche he desireth moste of all.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv. That what I thought to speke or do, I not what thyng was in my thought.-Id. Ib. This emperour was so thoughtful in the orderyng and teachyng of his children, that he would haue no woman, but if she were of 1. yere of age at the leaste, &c. The Golden Boke, c. 10. The Democriticks and Epicureans did indeed suppose all humane cogitations to be caused or produced, by the incursion of corporeal atoms upon the thinker. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 761. Gond. Is such a think as this allowed to live? What power hath let thee loose upon the earth To plague us for our sins. Beaum. & Fletch. The Woman Hater, Act ii. Having, is the measure of outward wealth: but it is thinking that must measure the inward thoughts, I say, of contentment, cheerefulnesse, and thankfulnesse, which if ye want, it is not either or both the Indies that can make you rich.-Bp. Hall. The Righteous Mammon. as takes up and dejects, and distracts the mind. Atterbury, vol. iv. Ser. 10. Just as a blockhead rubs his thoughtless skull, And thanks his stars he was not born a fool. Pope. Epilogue to Jane Shore. Having indeed no suspicion that any stress at all could be laid upon it, but thinking rather that it had been carelessly or thoughtlessly put in by the author. Waterland. Works, vol. iv. p. 48. Thoughtfulness concerning our deportment, our welfare, that of others, and the public, so far as it will really be of use, is a duty of indispensable obligation. Secker, vol. iv. Ser. 5. He who runs on thoughtlessly in the mad career of pleasure, can scarcely fail of losing his health. Knox, vol. vi. Ser. C. Thoughtlessness and partiality may indeed dispose us to imagine, that however right in speculation the laws of religion and virtue may be, yet in practice great allowance is due to inclination: this being as truly part of our nature as reason.-Secker, vol. iv. Ser. 2. It may be necessary to inform those who are unacquainted with the disposition and habits of seamen, that they are so accustomed in ships of war to be directed in the care of themselves by their officers, that they lose the very idea of foresight, and contract the thoughtlessness of children. THIRD. THIRDLY. three. Cook. Third Voyage, b. vi. c. 1. Formerly thridde,—that unit that threeth or maketh up the number A dogter ich haue of gret prys, & noble and god al so, Y geue here the to thi wyf, &, gef thou wolt by leue here, The thridde del my kyndom y geue the to be my fere. R. Gloucester, p. 12. Git wild he not be war ther bi, so proude he was in herte, Tille he was wonded the thrid tyme, & died also smerte. R. Brunne, p. 8. And a ghoung man Euticus bi name sat on the wyndowe, whanne he was fallun into an heuy sleep while Poul disputide longe, al slepynge he fel doun fro the thridde stage. Wiclif. Dedis, c. 20. And there sate in a wyndow a certay ne yonge man named Eutichus, fallen into a depe slepe. And as Paul declared, he was the more ouercome with slepe, and fel downe from the thyrd loft.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Wherefore we cannot applaud Aristotle for this; but that which we commend him for, is chiefly these four things: first, for making a perfect incorporeal intellect to be the head of all; and secondly, for resolving that nature, as an instrument of this intellect, does not merely act according to the necessity of material motions, but for ends and purposes, though unknown to itself; thirdly, for maintaining the naturality of morality; and lastly, for asserting the to ep' nua, autexousie, or liberty from necessity. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 55. Then shal the righteous answere hym saying: Master, whe saw we the an hongred, & fedde the? or a thurst & gaue the drincke ?-Bible, 1551. Ib. In hunger and thirst, in manye fastyngis, in coold and nakidnesse.-Wiclif. 2 Cor. c. 11. In honger, in thyrste, in fastinges often, in colde & in nakednes.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Whan they were slain, so thursted him, that he Chaucer. The Monkes Tale, v. 14,045. Gascoigne. Jelosie. Though we cool our thirst at the mouth of the river, yet we owe for our draughts to the springs and fountains f om whence the waters first came, though derived to us by the succession of a long current. Bp. Taylor. On Set Forms of Liturgie, § 29. With fustian metaphors to stuff the brain, Beaumont. Letter to B. Jonson, &c. Yea there are some not only willing but greedy hearers, they have aures bibulas, they heare hungrily and thirstily, but it is but to catch advantages. Bp. Hall. The Hypocrite. They who be athirst in the night, if they sleep upon it, lose their thirstinesse, although they drink never a drop. Holland. Plutarch, p. 599. With these of old to toils of battle bred, Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. i. Fawkes. Appollonius Rhodius. Argon. b. ii The truce on equal terms at length agreed, The waters from the watchful guard are freed: Eager to drink, down rush the thirsty crowd, Hang o'er the banks, and trouble all the flood. Rowe. Lucan. Pharsalia, b iv. THIRL, v. A. S. Thirl-ian, (as now written,) rather than accuse others, whose blood was thirsted after Instances might be produced of men, who have died to thrill, (qv.) more than theirs.-Bolingbroke. A final Answer to Remarks. The kyng Egbrygt adde ybe kyng thre and thritty ger, Thet fole of Denemarch hyder com, as yt adde y do er. R. Gloucester, p. 259. And Jhesus himself was bigynnyng as of thritty yeer, that he was gessid the sone of Joseph, which was of Helie. Wiclif. Luk, c. 3. And Jesus him selfe was about thirtie yere of age whe he began, beynge as men supposed the sonne of Joseph, whiche Joseph was the sot.ne of Heli.-Bible, 1551. Ib. The said Henry shall espouse the Lady Margaret, and crowne her Queene of England, ere the thirtieth of May ensuing. Shakespeare. 2 Pt. Hen. VI. Act i. sc. 1. THIS. A. S. Thysse, this, thes; Dut. Deese, THESE. deeze; Ger. Dieser, diser, hic. Without an etymological meaning it is possible to give the usage only. It may be remarked that R. Gloucester writes Thike; and that thick or thig, are still common in the Western parts of England. The is from the-an; and thike from theg-an; the same word as the-an, with the insertion of the guttural g, and also written thicg-ean. The, with the addition of es, (qv.) forms thees; whence this. And this, with the same addition, forms thises; whence thise, and our common plurals these, those. P. Plouhman writes Thuse. This is sometimes distinguished from that, as in the examples from Gower; it is also applied to something nearer or more approximate in space or time than that; it was formerly used with plural nouns. See Tooke, ii. 62. 8vo. ed. note; and the quotations from R. Gloucester. Al this was thenne y cleped the March of Wales. Id. p. 58. Piers Plouhman, p. 10. And to the route [he] rehercede thuse wordes.-Id. Ib. Al the route to thys ruson a sentede. But he sigh also a litel pore widowe castynge tweye ferthingis. And he seyde, treuli I seye to you, that this poore widowe keste more than alle men. For whi alle these of thing that was plenteous to hem casten in to the giftis of God, but this widewe of that thing that failide to hir caste al hir lyflode that sche hadde.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 21. And he sawe also a certayne poore wyddowe, whyche caste in thyther two mytes. And he sayde: of a trueth I say vnto you, this poore wyddow hath put in more then they all. For they all haue of their superfluyte added vnto the offerynge of God: but she, of her penury, hath cast in al the substaunce that she had.-Bible, 1551. Ib. And whanne the tilieris sighen him: thei thoughten withinne hemsilf and seiden, this is the eir, sle we him that the eritage be oure.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 20. But when the fermers saw him, they thought in themselues sayinge: thys is the heyre, come let vs kyll hym, that ye inheritaunce maye be oures.-Bible, 1551. İb. "By Seinte Marie," sayd this tavernere, Chaucer. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12,619. Thise wormes, ne thise mothes, ne thise mites Id. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 6142. Where lawe failleth, errour groweth. He is not wise, who that ne troweth. For it hath proued oft er this.-Gower. Con. A. Prol. He hath his prophecie sent (In suche a wise as thou shalt here) How that this world shal torne and wende Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i. Gray. Eton College. THISTLE. Dut. Distel; Ger. Distel; THI'STLY. (Sw. Tistel; A. S. Thistel, which Wachter and Ihre think is Thydsel, from the verb Thyd-an, to prick. These camells will liue very well two or three dayes without water; their feeding is on thistles, wormewood, magdalene, and other strong weeds which they finde vpon the way. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. p. 270. The scouts of Charles Duke of Burgundie, who mistook a field full of high thistles near unto Paris, for the army of the king of France with their lances held vpright, might here commit the like mistake with more probability. Fuller. Worthies. Leicestershire. Els as a thistle-downe in th' ayre doth flie, Spenser. Mother Hubberd's Tale. Death is a winter, that as it withers the rose and lily, so it kills the nettle and thistle.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 15. To this we may add-thistles (are useful) in making glass, whose ashes Dr. Merrit saith are the best, viz. the ashes of the common way thistle, though all thistles serve for this purpose.-Derham Physico-Theology, b. x. Note 3. Wide o'er the thistly dawn as swells the breeze, A whitening shower of vegetable down Amusive floats. Thomson. Summer. [We have the seeds] lodged (as in pines) between the hard and compact scales of a cone, or barricadoed (as in the artichoke and thistle) with spikes and prickles. Paley. Natural Theology, c. 20. In such a world, so thorny, and where none Find happiness unblighted, or, if found, Without some thistly sorrow at its side. Cowper. Task, b. iv. THITHER. A. S. Thider, thyder, illac. Hither (qv.) is used when the speaker means to express motion to the place where he himself is ;-Thither, from the place where he is, or to the place where he is not. Thither is probably composed of that there. The kyng com thider priueliche.-R. Gloucester, p. 116. The kyng Goffar thiderward gret power and ost nom Of France and of other londes, and toward Toures come. Id. p. 18. The barons thider cam, and conseild that beste felle. R. Brunne, p. 248. For theder as the fend flegh, hus fote for to sette Ther he failede & fuel [fell.] Piers Plouhman, p. 18. Therfore whanne Judas hadde take a cumpany of knyghtis and mynystris of the bisschopis and of the Farisees, he cam thidir with lanternes and brondis and armeris. Wiclif. Jon, c. 18. Judas then after he had receaued a bonde of men, and ministers of the hye preestes and Pharises, came thyder with lanters and fyer brandes and wepens.--Bible, 1551. Ib. And wicked tongue is with these two, That suffreth no man thider goe, For er a thing be doe he shall Where that he commeth over all, In fortie places, if it be sought, Saie thing that never was done ne wrought. Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose. Thou shalt no suche graces fele. For to that foule place of synne, For euer in whiche thou shalt be inne, Ne none of you may come hider-Gower. Con. A. b. vi. Howe all that fyre was made for good, To shewe where men shulde ariue, And thiderwarde thei hasten bliue.-Id. Ib. b. iii. He in hys parlement enacted it, that none of hys subiectes shulde thydrewarde repayre vndre forfeture of body and goodes, or else vndre payne of perpetuall exyle. Bale. English Votaries, pt. ii. Seest thou yon dreary plain, forlorn and wilde, Save what the glimmering of these livid flames Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i. Id. Ib. b. iii. 'Twas morning; to the port she takes her way, That place, that very spot of ground she sought; Where last he [Ceyx] stood.-Dryden. Ovid. Metam. b. x. They saw, and thitherward they bent their way. Id. The Flower and the Leaf THOLE. Goth. Thul-an; A. S. Thol-an, tholcan, ge-thol-ian; Ger. Dol-en, duld-en, ferre, sufferre, sustinere, pati. To bear, to suffer, to endure; perhaps the root of Dole. Hast thou for gete the gret wo, and the mony harde A wel vayr compaynye al so there com Id. p. 417. Piers Plouhman, p. 262. "Heit scot, heit brok, what, spare ye for the stones? The fend," quod he, "you fecche body and bones, As ferfothly as ever ye were foled, So mochel wo as I have with you tholed." Thees thre whit outen doute. tholen alle poverte. Chaucer. The Freres Tale, v. 7125. So that these maidens after this Gower. Con. A. b v. THONG. A. S. Thwong, thwang, and in Od English Thwong, from the A. S. verb Thrcin-an, descrescere, to lessen, to be or become thin. A thin or small strip or strap, lace or lash. He it is that schal come after me: that was maad before me of whom I am not worthi to loose the thwony of Lis schoo. Wiclif. Jon, c. 1. This John before lay hidden emong the wilde beastes, & passed a life of wonderful streightnes, cladde with a cames skinne, girt with a belt of a rough leather thog. Udal. Luke, c. 3. And if he could not come at Cicero, he aduised him to tie the letter to the thong of a jaueling. & so to throw it into his camp.-Goldinge. Cæsar, fol. 138. And not onely the earth and dust of Ireland, but also the verie thongs of Irish leather haue the verie same force and vertue.-Holinshed. Description of Ireland, c. 2. These in my hollow ship the monarch hung, Pope. Homer, Odyssey, b. x At the seams, where the different skins are sewed to gether, they are commonly ornamented with tassels or fringes of narrow thongs, cut out of the same skins. Cook. Third Voyage, b. iv. c. 5 THORAX. Lat. Thorax; Gr. Owpas, the THORACICK. (breast. Thoracick,Pertaining to, belonging to, the breast. To say nothing of respiration, the constriction of the diaphragme for the keeping down the guts, and so enlarging the thorax, that the lungs may have play. More. Antidote against Atheism, b. ii. e. 12 A line drawn down the middle of the breast, divides the thorax into two sides exactly similar; yet these two sides enclose very different contents-Paley. Nat. Theology, c. 11. The main pipe, which carries the chyle from the reservoir to the blood, viz. the thoracic duct, being fixed in an almost upright position, and wanting that advantage of propulsion which the arteries possess, is furnished with a succession of valves to check the ascending fluid, when once it has passed them, from falling back.-Id. Ib. c. 10. THORN. Dut. Doorne, deurne; Ger.Dorn; THO'RNY. A. S. Thern, thyrn, thyrne: Goth. Thaurn; all perhaps from the A. S. verb Tær-an, to tear ;-Torn, in A. S. is (met.) anger, wrath, rage; and is the past part. Tor-en, torn—and the addition of the aspirate would give thorn. Applied to the tree from its tearing spines. Any thing tearing, lacerating, pricking; vexing, harassing. Sibriht, that I of told, that the lond had lorn, And thei foldynge a crowne of thornes putten on his heed & a reed in his right hond.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 27. And platted a crowne of thornes and put vpō his head, and a reed in his right hand.-Bible, 1551. Ib. "Ye, nece, woll ye pullen out the thorne That sticketh in his herte?"-Chaucer. Troil. & Cres. b. iii. And vsed it from yere to yere, With houndes, and with great hornes Gower. Con. A. b. i. The seate is thornye and hath sharpe pryckes on euerye syde.-Bale. English Votaries, fol. 86. It was easily seen it was a very thorny abode he made there. Sidney. Arcadia, b. iii. The inner part, he wrought Of stones, that thither his owne labors brought; Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xiv. There is made likewise a kind of Acacia in Galatia, which is most soft and tender; and the tree that affourdeth it, is more prickie and thornie than the rest. Holland. Plinie, b. xxiv. c. 12. The crown he wore was of the pointed thorn. THOROUGH, prep. THOROUGH, ad. THOROUGH, adj. THOROUGHLY. Dryden. The Character of a Good Parson. He in the thick woven covert Painfully tugs, or in the thorne brake Turn and embarrass'd bleeds -Somervile. The Chase, b i. Erasmus was born to cultivate the literæ humaniores, or the politer parts of learning; and I have often lamented, that he should have been diverted from those flowery paths into the rough and thorny roads of controversial divinity. Knox. Ess. No. 132. Goth. Thairh; A. S. Thuruh, thurh; Dut. Deur, door ; Ger. Durch and in Lower Sax. Dur. (See DOOR.) Minshew and Junius both concur that Door, &c. are derived from the Gr. Θυρα. Skinner says-perhaps they are all from the Greek, or rather from Thor, thruh, thurh. Thorough, he thinks, may be referred to the Gr. Tpv-ew, TPE-EI, to bore, to perforate. Our English preposition Thorough, thourough, thorow, through, or thro', is no other than the Goth. substantive Dauro, or the Teutonick substantive Thuruh; and, like them, means door, gate, passage. "The Teutonick uses the same word Thurah, both for the substantive, (door,) and for what is called the preposition (Thorough.) The Dutch, which has a strong antipathy to our Th, uses the very word Door for both. The Anglo-Saxon, from which our language immediately descends, employs indifferently for door either dure or thure. The modern German (directly contrary to the modern English) uses the initial Th (thur) for our substantive (door), and the initial D (Durch) for our preposition (Thorough.)" See Tooke. Wachter thinks the nouns, Door, &c. are all from the Dutch preposition, Door. Thorough is applied-to express passage, from one side, from one end to the other, from beginning to end; means, instrument of passage: generally, means, instrument, agent or agency; passage ended, finished, complete and hence thorough, adj.— Finished, complete, perfect. Now ne kouthe the Britones non Englisch y wys, R. Brunne, p. 1. But Jhesus passide: and wente thorugh the myddil of hem.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 4. them -Bible, 1551. 16. But he wente hys waye euen thorowe the myddest of And so befell, by aventure or cas, That thurgh a window thikke of many a barre Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1076. Id. The Man of Lawes Tale, v. 5415. I stood astonied. so was I with the song Id. The Flower and the Leaf. This world nis but a thurghfare ful of wo, Id. The Knightes Tale, v. 2849. And netheles vpon this cas Was nexte to hym of acqueintance.-Gower. Con. A. b.vii. My worthye lustye ladie dere It shall not fallen in my slouth, Your hestes, at your owne wille.-Id. Ib. b. v. And that al suspitions maie be suppressed and througlie satisfied by this mine vnfeigned protestation which I make vnto you in that behalfe. Gascoigne. To the Reuerende Deuines. Neuertheles that age is not altogether throughly to be trusted, onles it be approued by former conuersacion of lyfe before. Udal. Timothye, c. 5. The first was that he had heard a fisherman of Tartaria say in hunting the morce, that he sayled very farre towards the southeast, finding no end of the sea; whereby he hoped a thorow passage to be that way. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 20. Colonell Brets [as most of the army was] being at rest, with as much speed as he could, drew his men into armes, and made head against them so thorowly, as himselfe was slaine in the place, [and] Captaine shot thorow the thigh. Id. Ib. vol. ii. p. 145. Our men began to crie out for want of shift, for no man had place to bestowe any other apparell then that which he body for the most part tenne times in one day. ware on his backe, and that was throughly washt on his Id. Ib. vol. iii. p. 654. And now by this the feast was throughly ended, And every one gan homeward to resort. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 12. Therefore, resolving to returne in hast I yet through-swomme the waues, that your shore binds, Cin. Mel. 'Tis base, And I could blush at these years, thorough all My honour'd scars, to come to such a parly. Id. The Maid's Tragedy, Act iv. And after gave a grone so deepe and low Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. L Those solid divines, that experimentally know what belongs to the healing of a sinning soul, go thorough-stitch to work.-Bp. Hall. Ser. Eph. iv. 30. The fruit is pleasant enough; but I do not remember that ever I saw one throughly ripe that had not a maggot or two in it.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1684. If this be not presently stopt by repentance, 'twill make the breach yet wider for others, and those again for others, till at last they have quite trodden down our good resolution, and made a thorow-fare in our wills for a custom of sinning.-Scott. Christian Life, pt. i. c. 4. The same gratification of every humour, that makes children both wicked and wretched, hath just the same effect on all those, who, by treating themselves in the like manner, contrive to be no wiser throughout the course of their lives than they were at the beginning. THORPE. Secker, vol. ii. Ser. 2. A. S. Thorpe, villa, vicus, a village, a street, a dorpe, a country village. Belgis hodie Dorp, (Somner.) She gone, downe from the tree I came in hast, Fairefax. Godfrey of Bovlogne, b. xii. § 32. THOU. See THY. Goth. Thu: A. S. Thu, THEE. tu; Dut. Ger. and Sw. Du; Fr. Tu (tutoyer, to thou one, Cotgrave); It. and Sp. Tu; Lat. Tu; Gr. Ev. Thou is commonly called a pronoun of the second person, and is used by the person speaking (the first person), for or instead of the name (the noun or nomen) of the person to whom he speaks. The similarity between the Goth. Thu and Lat. Tu, and also between the Goth. Ich, ig, and the Gr. and Lat. Eg-o, deserves to be remarked. Each class had a common origin. See I and THE. To the eldest he [Lear] seide first, Dogter ich bidde the Sey me al clene thin herte, how muche thou ouest me. R. Gloucester, p. 29. For he seide, thou ne louest me nogt as thi sostren doth, Ac despisest me in myn olde liue, thou schalt neuer ywis Part habbe of my kyndom.-Id. p. 31. Than said tille hem [Wm. I.] a knyght, Let nat thy lyft half oure Lord techeth And whoever constreynith thee a thousynd pacis: go thou with him other tweyne. Give thou to him that axith of the, and turn thou not awey fro him that wole borowe of thee. Wiclif. Matthew, c. 5. And who so euer wyll compell thee to goe a-myle, goe with hi twayne. Geue to him that asketh, and from him that woulde borowe turne not awaye.-Bible, 1551. Ib. O thou maistresse of all vertues, discended from the souerain seate, why art thou commen into this solitarie place of myne exile: art thou comen, for thou art made coulpable with me of false blames.-Chaucer. Boecius, b. i. And if thou canst not tell it me anon, Yet wol I yeve thee leve for to gon A twelvemonth and a day, to seke and lere Id. The Wife of Bathes Tale, v. 6489. Florent, if I for the so shape, Gower. Con. A b. i. O Troyan light, O only hope of thine! Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b ii. O thou that with surpassing glory crownd, Milton. Paradise Lost, b iv. |