Faucibus exsuperat gravis halitus; inspice sodes!" 90 Qui dicit medico, jussus requiescere, postquam Tertia compositas vidit nox currere venas, De majore domo modice sitiente lagena 'Heus! bone, tu palles.' " Nihil est." Videas tamen istud, 95 Quicquid id est. Surgit tacite tibi lutea pellis.' "At tu deterius palles. Ne sis mihi tutor : Jam pridem hunc sepelî: tu restas." Perge: tacebo.' D. "No sickly noggin, but a jolly jug." 93. He sends for the wine, the first thing in the morning; and, after his meal, he takes a bath. Which is dangerous for invalids, Suet. Tib. 82. PR. and for all persons, upon a full stomach. Juv. i. 142 sqq. M. plurimi falluntur, dum se primo die protinus sublaturos guorem aut exercitatione, aut balneo, aut vino sperant; &c. Cels. iii. 2. K. was five and twenty years old before it was used. CAS. 94. These are the words of an acquaintance, who accidentally falls in with the patient as he is tottering from the table to the bath; and who, justly alarmed at the symptoms he observes, bluntly indeed, but kindly, tries to persuade him to turn back. The petulance and ill-humour with which this kindness is received, are highly characteristic and satirical. The dying wretch was too much in the wrong to bear good advice. G. K. 95. Symptoms of dropsy. Gal. Ægin. iii. Cels. iii. PR. 96. Varro Eumenidibus: ut arquatis et lutea quæ non sunt, et quæ sunt, lutea videntur; sic insanis [et] sani et furiosi videntur esse insani; Nonius. PR. 97. Either (1) you survive to lecture me:' PR. or (2) I have you to bury still, it seems, before I shall be my own master.' FA. "I have already buried two or three; And, Doctor, I may live to bury thee." D. Compare omnes composui." felices! nunc ego resto: confice! Hor. I S. ix. 28 sq. RL. lan-98. Pinguem vitiis albumque; Hor. II S. ii. 21. 76 sq. quam multi continuis voluptatibus pallent! Sen. Br. V. PR. crescit indulgens sibi dirus hydrops, nec sitim pellit, nisi causa morbi fugerit venis et aquosus albo corpore languor; Hor. II Od. ii. 13 sqq. M. I Ep. vi. 61 sq. Sulp. v. 36. Sid. Ap. v. 339 sq. K. Surrentum was a town of Campania. LU. Surrentina vina caput nullo modo tentant; et stomachi et intestinorum rheumatismos cohibent; Plin. H. N. xxiii. 1s 20. Surrentina in vineis tantum nascentia convalescentibus maxime probata propter tenuitatem salubritatemque; ib. xiv. 6 s3. PR. Tiberius dicebat, consentisse medicos, ut nobilitatem darent, alioquin esse generosum acetum; ib. Caligula calls it vappam nobilem. G. It was kept till it 99. Mephites is properly the stench from stagnant and putrid water. LU. Virg. Æ. vii. 84. M. quam fœdi atque pestilentes ructus sunt exhalantibus crapulam veterem! scias putrescere sumta, non concoqui; Sen Ep. 95. PR. 100 Sed tremor inter vina subit calidumque trientem "Tange, miser, venas et pone in pectore dextram : Nil calet hic! Summosque pedes attinge manusque : 100. Quæ desiderantibus alimenta erant, onera sunt plenis : inde pallor et nervorum vino madentium tremor et miserabilior ex cruditate quam ex fame macies: inde incerti labantium pedes et semper quasi in ebrietate titubatio; Sen. N. Q. v. PR. Vina: cf. Juv. viii. 168, note. M. The triens, OR. or triental, was a cup which held rather more than one third of a pint. LU. cf. Hor. I Ep. xvi. 21 sqq. K. 102. The rich viands,' which he had gorged before coming to the bath, and which his stomach now rejects undigested. LU. The lip hanging loose and the dropping jaw are fatal symptoms according to Hippocr. Progn. PR. 103. Then comes a funeral.' This is rigor #górigo: the trumpet and torch' were used in the procession to the funeral pile. v. 106. CAS. A full account of the particulars referred to in these lines will be found in AD. Tuba: cf. Poll. viii. 1. SV, on E. v. 138. St Matthew ix. 23. PR. Candela. cf. Petr. 78. 129. Prop. II. x. 19 sq. xiii. 17 sq. IV. xi. 9. K. Beatulus: thus our Stoic calls the deceased Epicure in irony, because the Epicureans used to say: maximam illam voluptatem habemus, quæ percipitur omni dolore detracto: nam quoniam, quum privamur dolore, ipsa liberatione et vacuitate omnis molestia gaudemus, voluptas est, ut omne id, quo offendimur, dolor doloris omnis privatio recte nominata est voluptas; Cic. Fin. i. 2. K. Alto lecto. cf. Ov. M. x. 463. F. ii. 353. K. Mart. VIII. xliv. 14. Prop. II. xiii. 21 sq. PR. 104. Compositus. cf. Tib. III. ii. 26. Virg. Æ. i. 249. (HY.) K. Amomis. cf, SA, on Sol. p. 401. Ov. Tr. III. iii. 89. F. iv. 853. K. Juv. iv. 108, viii. 159, notes. 105. "Lies a stiff corpse, heels foremost, at the door." G. cf. Plin. vii. 8. PR. Hom. II. T 212. Tac. A. iii. 5. (LI.) KI, i. 12. K. 106. Manumitted slaves shaved their heads and then put on the cap of liberty in the temple of Feronia. This was worn by the freed-men, who bore their late master's corpse to the funeral pile, as a badge of their being admitted to the rights of citizenship. VS. CAS. LU. Juv. iii. 60, note. M. faxit Jupiter, ut ego hic hodie, raso capite, calvus capiam pileum ! Plaut. Amph. I. i. 306. (TB.) and v. 82. Liv. xxxiv. 52. qui liberi fiebant ea causa calvi erant, quod tempestatem servitutis videbantur effugere, ut naufragio liberati solent; Nonius. PR. cf. Juv. xii. 81, note. [Livy xxiv, 16, 11. ED.] Subiere. Virg. Æ. vi. 222. K. 107. The youth, drowsy as he is, is still awake enough to discover that he is somehow involved in this apologue. As the preceptor, however, appears to him to labour under a considerable mistake, he prepares to set him right; and in a somewhat indignant tone (miser!) affirms himself to be in no danger of trumpets and torches,' as is falsely insinuated, for that the state of his health is excellent. It is now that the philosopher sees his advantages, and turns upon the poor dreamer with the moral of his fable, which he enforces with all the poignancy of satire and all the dignity of truth. The student can no longer mistake, for he is presented with an epitome of his most besetting vices, and, among others, that of ungovernable passion, of which he had furnished a tolerable specimen already: 8 sq. G. K. 'Feel my pulse.' M. 108. Coldness of the extremities is a Non frigent!" Visa est si forte pecunia, sive 110 Candida vicini subrisit molle puella, Cor tibi rite salit? Positum est algente catino 109. Have you no symptom of avarice, or any other passion ? which are diseases of the mind. LU. cf. iv. 47. 110. Candida: Ov. A. A. ii. 6. K. Risit et argutis quiddam promisit ocellis; Ov. Am. III. ii. 83. PR. Molle is used adverbially, K. as acre, 34. dulce ridentem Lalagen amabo, dulce loquentem; Hor. I Od. xxii. 23 sq. 111. Is there no extraordinary palpitation at your heart?' Stat. S. I. ii. 210. Sen. Thy. 756. K. Erasistratus, the physician, discovered the passion of Antiochus, who was sick for love of Stratonice his stepmother, by feeling his pulse when she was entering the chamber: V. Max. v. 7. PR. 112. A cold dish of coarse greens, DN. not well boiled. M. cf. vi. 'The sieve used by the common people' was so coarse, as to let through a great deal of the bran. LU. 69 sq. PR. 114. Radere the same as tergere; Hor. II S. ii. 24. K. Beta, which Martial calls fabrorum prandium; XIII. xiii. PR. 115. Obstupui, steteruntque come; Virg. Æ. ii. 774. LU. Arist. Probl. viii. 18. PR. "I could a tale unfold, whose lightest word would harrow up thy soul; freeze thy young blood: Make thy two eyes, like stars, start from their spheres; Thy knotty and combined locks to part, And each particular hair to stand an end, Like quills upon the fretful porcupine;" Shaksp. Ham. I. v. "With hair upstaring, then like reeds, not hair;" Id. Temp. I. ii. Juv. vi. 95, note. 116. Est etiam calor ille animo, quem sumit in ira, cum ferviscit, et ex oculis micat acribus ardor. est et frigida multa comes formidinis aura: quæ ciet horrorem in membris, et concitat artus; Luer. iii. 289 sqq. 117. Ardebant oculi et ex toto corpore crudelitas emicabat; Cic. Verr. 7. ex illorum luminibus scintillæ emicant, flammæ æstuant, anhelum pectus spiritum jacit ex ore, &c. Arn. i. PR. Hom. Il. ▲ 104. ▲ 662. Ov. A. A. iii. 503 sq. K. 118. Cf. Hor. II S. iii. M. SATIRE IV. ARGUMENT. This Satire (of which many have supposed Nero to be the object) is founded on the first Alcibiades of Plato; and many of the expressions are closely copied from that celebrated dialogue. I sqq. It naturally arranges itself under three heads, the first of which treats of the preposterous ambition of those who aspired to take the lead in state affairs, before they had learned the first principles of civil government. 1-22. The second division, which is of singular merit, and possesses a rich vein of strong but appropriate humour, and acute reasoning, turns on the general neglect of self-examination; 23 sq. it enforces, at the same time the necessity of moral purity, from the impossibility of escaping detection; and points out the policy of restraining all wanton propensity to exaggerate others' foibles, from its tendency to provoke severe recrimination on ourselves. 25-46. The conclusion, or third part, reverts to the subject with which the Satire opens, and arraigns, in terms of indignant severity, the profligacy of the young nobility, and their sottish vanity in resting their claims to approbation on the judgement of a worthless rabble. 46–52. G. To read this Satire, may be useful to the young. It may help to correct petulance; it may serve to warn inexperience. It may teach the youthful statesman, that, even in remote times, and in small states, government was considered as a most difficult science. It may show the high-born libertine, that, in proportion as the sphere in which he moves is wide and brilliant, are his conduct and character conspicuous, and his follies ridiculous. DD. REM populi tractas? (barbatum hoc crede magistrum Fert animus calidæ fecisse silentia turbæ 1. Do you presume to take the reins of government into your hands?' DN. Alcibiades says of Socrates: "avayxáu με ὁμολογεῖν, ὅτι πολλοῦ ἐνδεὴς ὢν αὐτὸς ἔτι, ἐμαυτοῦ μὲν ἀμέλω, τὰ δ' Αθηναίων rgarra" Plato Symp. 32. K. Barbatum: cf. Juv. xiv. 12. iv. 103. Lucian sep. Hor. II S. iii. 16 sqq. K. Socrates was accounted the father of philosophy, and prince of philosophers Cic. Fin. ii. 1. N. D. ii. 167. T. Q. iii. 8. v. 10. PR. 2. Juv. xiii. 185 sq, notes. M. Id. vii. 205 sq, notes; Sen. Ep. 13. K. Plin. xiv. 5. cf. Ap. As. Aur. x. Plat. Soc. Ap. Lact. v. 15. Ath. xiii. Socrates concitatis inimicitiis, calumniosa criminatione damnatus, morte mulctatus est. sed eum postea illa ipsa, quæ publice damnaverat, Atheniensium civitas publice luxit: in duos ejus accusatores usque adeo populi indignatione conversa, ut unus eorum oppressus vi multitudinis interiret, exsilio autem voluntario atque perpetuo pœnam similem alter evaderet, tam præclara igitur vitæ mortisque fama Socrates reliquit plurimos suæ philosophia sectatores; S. Aug. Civ. D. viii. 3. PR. v. 145. Sorbitio: ponua Æl. V. H. ix. 38. Phædr. i. 26. (BU.) K. 3. Οτω πιστεύων ; Plato. M. 'Alcibiades' lost his father, while he was yet a child. His guardians were Ariphron and Pericles: educatus est in domo Periclis, (privignus enim ejus fuisse dicitur,) eruditus a Socrate; C. Nep. II. i. 1. G. The word pupille is emphatic; he was still a 'ward.' LU. cf. Plut. PR. Pericli for Periclis, from Pericleus, Periclei. cf. CO, on Sall. H. fr. i. p. 934. K. Pericles, the son of Xanthippus, was great both as a statesman and as a general. cf. Just. iii. LU. Plut. 12. Cic. : Brut. V. Max. viii. 9. Some have supposed that Persius intended a pun in this place; because Alcibiades, when young, was compared to a lion's whelp. PR. cf. Juv. iv. 31. 4. Ingenium. dociles natura nos edidit, et rationem dedit imperfectam, sed qua perfici posset; Sen. Ep. 49. K. duvórne, cf. Arist. Eth. vi. 13. Velox precocious.' LU. cf. Ov. A. A. i. 183. Stat. S. ii. 106 sqq. K. 5. Seris venit usus ab annis; Ov. M. vi. 29. LU. etenim mihi multa vetustas scire dedit; xiv. 695 sq. Nero (whom many suppose to be alluded to under the character of Alcibiades) was emperor, before he was seventeen; Suet. 8. Tac. A. xiii. 1. 6. PR. Ab illis (philosophis) hæc dicuntur; si consonare tibi in faciendis et non faciendis virtutis est, quæ pars ejus prudentia vocatur, eadem in dicendis et non dicendis erit; Quint. ii. 20. Hom. Od. H 440 sq. Hor. I Ep. vii. 72. K. 6. Hes. Th. 80 sqq. K. Virg. Æ. i. 149 sqq. PR. 7. Immaniter strepente exercitu, cum cieri tumultus violentior appareret, Valentinianus,elata prospere dextra, ut princeps fiducia plenus, ausus increpare quosdam ut seditiosos et pertinaces,cogitata nullis interpellantibus absolvebat; Amm. xxvi. PR. 8. Est illa quasi privata censura, majestas clarorum virorum, sine tribunalium fastigio,sine apparitorum ministerio, potens in sua amplitudine obtinenda. grato enim et jucundo introitu animis hominum illabitur admirationis prætextu velata : quam recte quis dixerit longum et beatum honorem sine honore; V. Max. ii. ult. qui (Jupiter) postquam voce manuque murmura compressit, tenuere silentia cuncti; Ov. M. i. 205 sq. cf. Acts xiii. 16. PR. Luc. i. 297 sq. K. |
