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"People Who Count," which contains a more complete list of well-known people who do their own writing on the Multiplex. You will appreciate the force of emphasis permitted by the inter-changeable type system of the Multiplex. Write to-day for pamphlet "The President and His Typewriter" which will be sent FREE upon request together with other descriptive literature explaining the unique features of the Multiplex. Write your name, address and occupation in the Coupon, tear out and mail to-day. By Nicholas Pasitch. An Authorized Interview with Gregory Mason, of The Outlook Staff Impressions of a Modern Legislature.... 286 By Frederick M. Davenport Current Events Illustrated...... Douglas Stewart-Highlander.... 287. 292.. HEADMASTER WANTED The Trustees of a high-grade private school are open to negotiate with a married man to become headyoung master. One whose wife is a teacher will be favorably considered. Primary and Grammar Grades. 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Apply to Directress of Nurses, Yonkers, New York.. Setting a Candle to Catch a Thief OUTSIDE UTSIDE air that filters through the brick-enclosing walls of boilers, costs industrial America many thousands of dollars each year because such leakage "cools" the fire, kills draft and therefore wastes coal to the extent of thousands of tons in the national aggregate. Yet, just as the detection of such leaks is easy (see note under picture), so is the remedy simple; but it is simple largely through the pioneer work of Johns-Manville in its practical contributions to boilerfurnace improvement. Through a complete line of products listed below, Johns-Manville can assure plants of new standards of heat saving in the boiler-room; standards that met and satisfied the Government during the coal crisis just past, when tons of fuel were saved and many hours of shut-downs averted-at a consequent increase in factory production. Seldom has conservation been better served by Johns-Manville than in this branch of its service. And it can be predicted that the products listed below, and the expert knowledge of their application, will be of as great service to the nation in this present period of post-war readjustment as they were during the war. Because to the progressive plant, conservation has become permanently a national obligation, as well as a business expedient. H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE CO. New York City 10 Factories-Branches in 63 Large Cities Asbestos and its allied products INSULATION that keeps the heat where it belongs that make boiler walls leak-proof that make brakes safe AWOODEN frame, over which is fastened a square of cardboard having a small aperture at its center, is pressed against a boiler wall and the edges temporarily but completely sealed by some plastic material. It is obvious that any leakage in the part of the boiler wall covered by this frame, will immediately be detected by the inrush of air at the small aperture in the center of the cardboard, consequently, a candle flame held to this aperture will be sucked inward, thus immediately revealing the fact that there is an infiltration of air through the boiler wall, which means fuel waste. Thousands of tons of coal have been saved by preventing boiler wall leakage and by similar corrective measures at and around the boiler furnace. A complete service in this department of engineering was one of the important contributions made by Johns-Manville during the fuel crisis. JOHNS MANVILLE FIRE Serves in Conservation EASING GERMANY'S BURDEN TN the process of openly arriving at open covenants, according to the practice at the Peace Conference, very little official information is transmitted to the public; but a good deal comes through press despatches which, if not information exactly, is at least strong intimation. From these press despatches, sent by correspondents of varying sympathies and interests, it is evident that for a week or more there has been a strong tendency in the Big Four-consisting of President Wilson, Prime Minister Lloyd George, Monsieur Clemenceau, President of the Council, and Signor Orlando-to make the terms easier for Germany. Of these four Monsieur Clemenceau is the one who stands out against this tendency. France 3 still on the frontier of freedom. Apparently there is the feeling that it is safe now to forget that Germany was not merely an enemy, but was also a criminal. There are intimations continued from the week before that the Kaiser and others in the Imperial Government of Germany will never be brought to trial. There are very definite statements to the effect that the reparation demanded from Germany for the incalculable injury she has done is to be materially modified in Germany's favor. In particular, it is asserted that the amount of money required, instead of being left to be determined by the facts as they are slowly but accurately gathered in the future, is to be limited to a fixed sum which, it is safe to say, would never be increased hereafter, no matter how much may hereafter be discovered as due and collectable. There is every reason to believe the quite unanimous report that such modification is approved by the American delegates. It is also reported, and not disputed, that the admission of Germany within a comparatively brief time, to be measured by months, not years, to the League of Nations on an equality with all other countries is seriously advocated and almost agreed to. The pretext, if not real reason, for this is the argument that the admission of Germany to the League of Nations will keep her from forming a rival league; but how can reasonable men expect any real solidarity in the League of Nations if it is composed of a criminal and a sheriff's posse? AUSTRIA COMPLAINS During last week the Austrians expressed their dissatisfaction with the citizens in or out of Wall Street, the Senate has not done anything to bring great enlightenment to the country, but it has rendered a good service nevertheless. To the ordinary citizen the details of the Peace Treaty will not be of great interest or concern. The fact that it is. published in detail in an unofficial form is not likely to have much effect. Nor is the fact that the Treaty has come into private hands surprising. The difficulty of keeping any secret increases in geometrical ratio with the number of persons to whom the secret is confided. Such a document as this Treaty which is confided to a considerable number of officials is bound to fall into other hands. What is important, however, is that the Senate should THE SENATE AND THE In voting to print in the "Record" the full text of the Peace Treaty, even though it had not been officially communicated to the Senate by the President, and in voting to investigate statements that copies of the Treaty had found their way to private assert its right as a part of the government of a free people.. Since our Constitution expressly provides that treaties of peace shall be negotiated with the advice and consent of the Senate, it seems to us that the President should have found some way of keeping the Senate informed of the process of negotiations as they were conducted in Paris. The most natural method would have been the appointment of two Senators, one from the Democratic, one from the Republican party, to represent the country in Paris. If there were adequate reasons why he could not do this, he could at least have kept himself in communication with the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations while the negotiations were going on. Senators have good reason to feel that all opportunities for performing their Constitutional duties have been denied by the President. The climax of this policy is reached when the Treaty is given to the German nation and at the same time denied to the American Senate, without whose co-operation the Treaty, so far as the American people is concerned, is without any validity. It is highly important, therefore, that the Senate should be conscious of its rights and its responsibilities in this mat ter. Amendment of the Treaty, and consequently inevitable delay, would inflict injury to the public interest; but it is not certain that greater injury may not be inflicted by defects which the Senate may discover in it. It is the business of the Senate to decide in a judicial and nonpartisan spirit which will be the less injurious to leave defects uncorrected, or to delay the adoption of the Treaty by the process of amendment. By its action last week the Senate showed that it is not unaware of its power and its duty. A GREAT MILITARY CITIZEN One of the men to whom the United States owes a great debt which has never been paid is Major-General Enoch H. Crowder. His service was not merely a military service; it was a service to the moral and civic spirit of the Nation. It is fitting, therefore, that he should be the recipient of honorary degrees from American universities. On June 4 he was honored by Columbia University, and it is understood that he will likewise be honored by other colleges. It is to him more than to any other man that America owes the possibility of performing one of the miracles of the war. In spite of warning, in spite of the efforts of thousands of citizens who had learned the lesson of history, in spite of the object-lessons which Germany was daily giving us for two years and a half, the United States was shockingly unprepared for war when war was declared. General Crowder, however, was not unprepared. For years he had studied the problem of what self-governing free people like the Americans should do to organize themselves for war. He had worked out the plan. In every detail he had provided for emergencies. He believed that it would be necessary to form a great army of citizens, and he likewise believed that the organization by which that army should be formed should be under citizen control. He counted on the power of the civic spirit of the community to carry through what could never be accomplished by bayonets or machine guns. His conception has been termed conscription. It is more accurate to call it a form of mass volunteering. He created the Draft Board. He conceived and put through the process of selective service. He was ready with a plan, and when the law was passed he was ready with all the blanks and the detailed plans of organization. It seems as if our Service Boards sprang up in a night. They did, because the seed was prepared and planted. General Crowder is a military man who understands the civic spirit of a free people and who provided a free people with a powerful military instrument admirably powerful military instrument admirably suited to their spirit and their needs. 亅 ON THE KNIFE-EDGE "I believe a hurt has come to Europe that may be greater than any hurt that is measured by the destruction that war has wrought directly, . . . and that hurt is the disorganization of the whole industrial machine of the Continent of Europe, and in a lesser degree of England." This is in substance what Mr. Frank Vanderlip, who has since resigned as President of the National City Bank of New York, said before the Merchants' Association of that city on June 4. It is likewise the substance of what he has said on two other occasions-a meeting of the Economic Club and a meeting of the Pan-American Conference. The picture which he has drawn of Europe has shocked a good many Americans. It has been received with skepticism. It has been called pessimistic. Men who have seen Europe, however, within the past few months, who have seen something beneath the surface, have received. a greater shock than any speech that Mr. Vanderlip or any one else could give. What is striking about Mr. Vanderlip's speeches is not their pessimism, but their optimism. He believes that Europe is balancing on the knife-edge, and he also believes that Europe can be saved. 66 What Mr. Vanderlip is looking at is not merely the devastation in Belgium and northern France, but the disorganization of the industrial machine, the idleness, the closed factories, the want and hunger. And even more than that, he notes the discontent that is not satisfied with mere increase of wages, but survives in that grave suspicion in the minds of a great body of workers that there is some legerdemain, there is something by which you can apparently hand them higher wages, but so manipulate the value of what you pay the wages in that they are worth no more to the man who earns them; and with that suspicion in the minds of men there is always inflammable material." Europe, he explains, can be saved only by providing her with the things! that will enable her to work. She is a huge industrial center like a city. She must have credit and raw materials. And we here in America are the ones who can help. And by helping Europe we help ourselves, for any trouble that: comes to Europe as a consequence of continued idleness is going to be deeper than any trouble that she has had and is going to spread to this hemisphere. Mr. Vanderlip expresses his optimism by saying: "If you could share my opinion of the opportunity that America is going to have in the world, the opportunity of service, of responsibility, and of recompensepense-if you could share my opinion, you. would be the most optimistic crowd of men that ever was gotten together under a roof." And he adds: Now, all that is based on the supposition that Europe is going to gather herself together and start back toward a normal life under the present capitalistic system of society. Remember, I am not sure that Europe is going to do that, but if Europe does, then our position is the most favored that any nation in any time in history ever had. Mr. Vanderlip's conclusion is that the short cut to industrial peace lies in such an understanding of the labor question as will enlist the brains and good will of labor; that "the greatest question in the world to-day is this adjustment of differ ences between capital and labor;" and that that question will have to be ap proached on the part of employers with an understanding and liberalism that goes further than anything we have had hitherto. The future of the world, he said, rests with the country which is the first to solve the problem of labor and capital. STRIKING AGAINST EVERYBODY If the telegraph and telephone workers abandon their wires, not the employing corporations but the citizens of the coun try will be the most seriously injured party. There may have been a time when the telegraph and telephone were luxuries, but to-day they are a domestic as well as a business necessity; and, as has been pointed out, if this so-called sympathetic strike were really universal, a call to police or fire department from a home in trouble would be in vain. Fortunately, no such universal strike is likely. The Western Union Company is very positive that the strike ordered to begin just as this issue of The Outlook is going on the press will be a failure, and points to the relatively small number of its operators who are members of the unions concerned as evidence of this. The public is not so much interested at this moment in the causes of this proposal to put the wires of the country out of business as it is in the fact that such |