11. Ablative of Means and Supply. § 54, 6. (accompaniment, means, and instrument: R. 30), with c (words of filling, &c.). a. All the words under § 54, 6. c are either participles, like abundans, completus; or were originally participles, as plenus. When used as pure adjectives, they take the genitive under § 50, 3. b. b. The ablatives under Rule 30 (§ 75) are of various origin, and must be translated according to the English idiom: as, dignus, worthy of; praeditus, gifted with, &c. (compare § 54, 3. a; 10. a). Examples. 1. Verris domus plena erat raptis ornamentis. 2. Exercitum Ti. Sempronius domum reportavit plenissimum praeda. 3. Erant plena laetitia et gratulatione omnia. 4. Alveus Tiberis completus erat ruderibus. 5. Pater ille tuus florebat omni genere virtutis. 6. Sum pecore et multă dives tellure. 7. Macte virtute diligentiaque esto. 8. Boni homines metuunt vitam plenam et confertam voluptatibus. Write in Latin. 1. Twelve ships were laden1 with the spoil. 2. The house of Croesus was full of treasures.2 3. The city was full of grief and lamentation.3 4. Sulla advanced with his army into a region abounding* in all good things. 5. Corinth was the richest city of Greece in pictures,5 statues, and gold. 6 1 onustus. 2 divitiae. 3 luctus. 4 abundans. 5 tabula. 6 signum. 12. Ablative of Difference. § 54, 6. e, with Remark (degree of difference). Notice that § 54, 5 (ablative of comparison) and 6. e (ablative of difference), expressing different relations, may be used together with the same adjective: as, multo divitior Crasso, much richer than Crassus. Examples. 1. Quo occultius est periculum, hoc difficilius vitatur. 2. Recte non credis de numero militum: ipso dimidio1 plus scripsit Clodia. 3. Hibernia dimidio minor est, ut aestimatur, quam Bri tannia. 4. Iter alterum per provinciam nostram, multo facilius atque expeditius. 5. Quanto diutius abest, magis cupio tanto. 6. Galli segnius sequebantur, quanto longius ab domo trahebantur. 7. Romani duobus milibus plures erant quam Sabini. 8. Decem post diebus pugnatum est. 9. Catilina paucis ante diebus eruperat ex urbe. 10. Sol multis partibus major atque amplior est, quam terra universa. 1 full half. Write in Latin. 1. Cicero was six years older than Cæsar. 2. The empire of Rome was much more powerful and lasting than [that] of Athens. 3. The more cautiously you go, the sooner you will arrive. 4. The greater severity he showed,' the more numerous2 were the mobs. 5. Veii was about twenty miles distant from Rome. 6. The battle of Canna was fought seventeen years before [that] of Zama.® C.- Uses of Cases: Miscellaneous. 13. Adverbial Accusative. § 52, 3. with a, b, c (use with intransitive verbs, adverbial phrases, Greek accusative: R. 24). NOTE. The accusatives under a are usually translated as adverbs (see examples). Those under c are mostly poetical, and should be avoided in writing Latin prose. Examples. 1. Suevi maximam partem lacte atque pecore vivunt. 2. Tuam vicem magnopere gaudeo. 3. Nostram vicem indignaris, 4. Vir erat cetera egregius. 5. Id temporis eos venturos esse dixeram. 6. Cum esset illud aetatis, imperator factus est. 7. Dexterum genu lapide ictus est. 8. Os humerosque deo similis. 9. Feminae Germanorum nudae erant brachia et lacertos. Write in Latin. 1. The Suevi live for-the-greatest-part1 on milk and meat. 2. I am often sorry on your account. 3. At that time Romulus was king. 2 4. A man at that age ought to be more discreet than daring. 4 5. Hannibal was severely wounded right in the thigh" with a dart.® 6. They bind their [own] heads with wreaths of-myrtle. 7. The commander exhorted his [men] at-length." 8. The maidens put on a long robe. 2 vicis. 3 prudens. 1 plurimum. 5 adversum femur. 4 audax (comparative). 6 tragula. 7 multa. 14. Accusative of Exclamation. § 52, 4. a. Examples. I. Heu dementiam hominum ! 2. Beatos quondam duces Romanos! 3. In balneis delituerunt: testes egregios! 4. Huncine1 hominem! hancine impudentiam, judices! hanc audaciam ! 5. O fallacem hominum spem, fragilemque fortunam, et inanes nostras contentiones! Write in Latin. 1. O the folly of man, and [his] uncertain fortune, and our idle hopes! 1 See § 20, 1. Note. 2 dementia. 3 inanis. 2. A famous3 [set of] doctors! 3. Ah! the faith of gods and men ! 4. What a man! what impudence! what audacity! 5. Happy the Roman chiefs of-old." 15. Dative of Possession, &c. § 51, 3. with a, b (compounds of esse; nomen est: R. 17). Examples. 1. Est et fideli tuta silentio merces. 2. En Priamus! sunt hic etiam sua praemia laudi. 3. Addam cerea pruna: et honos erit huic quoque pomo. 4. Di, quibus imperium est animorum ! 5. Est mihi namque domi pater, est injusta noverca. 6. Castaneae molles, et pressi copia lactis. 7. Homini cum deo similitudo est. 8. Puero ab inopia Egerio inditum nomen. 10. Sp. Tarpeius Romanae praeerat arci. 13. Druides rebus divinis intersunt. 15. Origini Romanae et dii adfuere et non defuit virtus. Write in Latin. 1. We have and shall have the same laws. 2. A sick man always has hope. 3. I had a dispute with your friend. 4. The surname of Lucius Scipio was Asiaticus; of Publius his brother, Africanus. 5. A brave soldier will-be-at-hand1 in all dangers. 1 adsum. 6. The name of this disease is avarice. 7. In this man was a manly soul.2 8. My letter will do3 you no good.3 9. We used to give him the nickname1 of sluggard. 10. Cæsar had been-present-at many battles. 2 ingenium. 3 prosum. 4 cognomen. 5 intersum. 16. Dative of Service. § 51, 5 (purpose or end: R. 20). The Dative (of service) under § 51, 5. may sometimes be translated as predicate nominative; but more commonly with the preposition OF. It is sometimes called the Predicate Dative. Examples. 1. Mihi ea res curae erit. 2. Magno malo est hominibus avaritia. 3. Is fuit et mihi et liberis meis magno usui. 6. Ea gens mihi semper odio erit. 7. Tua amicitia maximo mihi erat detrimento. 8. Testimonio hujus rei sunt clarissimi poëtae. 9. Nos diis immortalibus curae sumus. 10. Consul Hannibali ludibrio erat. II. Plerumque Gallis brevitas nostra contemptui est. 12. Veteribus Romanis divitiae oneri miseriaeque fuere. Write in Latin. 1. This book was of great service1 to me. 2. Cæsar left two legions as a guard2 to the camp. 5. We regard this as a fault in Cicero. 6. For whose advantage is this? 7. The Germans came to our relief.5 |