Ennium sicut sacros vetustate lucos adoremus, in quibus grandia et antiqua robora iam non tantam habent speciem quantam religionem. Scheme:ul! Jul! Jull! JULY 1. Ilia, who was to become the mother of Romulus and Remus, relates her prophetic dream to her stepsister. According to Ennius, Ilia (the Rea Silvia of Livy 1. 3. 11) was the daughter of Aeneas and Lavinia. Prose translation in Sellar, P. R. p. 109. 1. anus: Ilia's sister, a much older woman, has come to the bedside with a light. She was perhaps aroused by Ilia's cries in her sleep. - artubus: final s does not always help to make 'position' in early Latin; cf. verses 4, 13, 17, and A. & G. 347, 5, e.-2. memorat: the subject is Ilia.-3. Eurydica: she was, according to the Cyprian Lays, a former wife of Aeneas.-6. novos: strange.· 7. postillā: note the quantity of the ultima, as in intereā and praetereā. — germana own. - sorōr: the original long quantity is retained. Cf. A. & G. 359, ƒ, and footnote. With this and the following two verses cf. Vergil's imitation in Dido's dream, Aen. 4. 466, semperque relinqui | sola sibi, semper longam incomitata videtur | ire viam, et Tyrios deserta quaerere terra. -8. vestigare: track, search. -9. corde capessere: attain (to thee), reach.-12. fluvio: she became the wife of the god of the river.-resistet: rise again (= restituetur, cf. 7. 1), a very rare sense; cf. Cic. Mur. 84, nihil est iam unde nos reficiamus aut ubi lapsi resistamus. 15. multa: nom. sing., many a time. - templa: tract, circuit. Note the alliterations in this verse, and cf. verses 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 13, 14. 2. With this account of the auspices taken by Romulus and Remus, cf. Livy 1. 6 f. I. curantes cura: such a pleonasm is not uncommon in ancient writers; cf. Plaut. Men. 895, magná cum cura ego íllum curarí volo, and St. Luke 22. 15, with desire I have desired to eat this Passover with you. Note also the alliteration in the verse. 2. regni: on the case, A. & G. 218, b.. auspicio augurioque : augurium is the more general word, but here again we have pleonasm and alliteration. 3. hinc Remus: according to Livy, Romulus stood on the Palatine, Remus on the Aventine. Where Ennius put Remus is matter for conjecture. 4. servāt: watches for, = observat, but archaic Latin is apt to prefer simple to compound verbs. On the quantity, cf. esset, 7, and see the note on soror, 1. 7. 5. quaerit: used absolutely, looks for omens. 6. -ne: or, the interrogative particle being omitted in the first member of the double question; A. & G. 211, a. — Remora even at a late period there was a spot on the Aventine called Remoria, where Remus was said to have watched for the birds. 7. cura: anxiety. — induperator: archaic for imperator, indu being an older form of in.-8. mittere: let fall. At the Ludi Circenses the presiding magistrate gave the signal for the start by throwing down a mappa or napkin. On these races, Smith, D. A. s. v. Circus, p. 432 ff.-9. volt: is about to.- 10. quam: how. - pictis faucibus: the decorated doors of the carceres, for which see Smith. II. populus: note the diastole, A. & G. 359, f.; G. 721. ora tenebat: cf. Verg. Aen. 2. 1, intentique ora tenebant. .-12. rebus: the result, a curious dative, cf. A. & G. 235. They set their faces for the sight.'-14. It may be that Cicero, who quotes this passage and thus preserves it for us, has omitted a verse or two about the night which may have preceded this line. Some editors place verse 13 after verse 2. candida: used of a brilliant whiteness, and hence more natural here than seems albus in 13, although Ennius elsewhere uses albus of the sun.―icta: struck, shot.-foras: modifies dedit. 15. praepes: the exact meaning of this adjective (flying forward? cf. 10. 7) was obscure even to the ancients, but, as it was often applied to a bird of good omen, it may be rendered auspicious. — 17. ter quattuor: Augustus had the same augury of twelve vultures in the Comitia on the occasion of his first election to the consulship, 43 B. C., cf. Dio Cassius 46.46. So, too, Venus augurs from twelve swans in Aen. 1. 393. - quattuor: if the text is right, this must be scanned as a dissyllable, but the synizesis is strange. Most editors write quattor, which, however, is found only in late inscriptions. 18. avium: this, too, is a case of synizesis, avyum; cf. A. & G. 347, d, remark.-19. conspicit := intellegit. — data esse: the subject is regni scamna solumque, which is modified by auspicio stabilita, while propritim belongs to data esse and means exclusively, as his own. Note that, although the final vowel of stabilita is naturally short, the word being a neuter plural, yet the syllable, though without ictus, is long by position before the two consonants at the beginning of the next word. This would not occur in classical poetry; cf. G. 703, Rem. 1.- - 20. scamna solumque: throne and soil. 3. Ennius's story that this Delphic oracle was given to King Pyrrhus is doubtless based upon the well known tale of Croesus (Hdt. 1. 53), who was told by the oracle that if he invaded Persia he should destroy a great kingdom. Pyrrhus is called Aeacides because he claimed descent from Aeacus and Achilles. 4. A description of the cutting of the wood for the funeral pyre which Pyrrhus reared for his own and the Roman soldiers who fell in the battle of Heraclea, B. C. 280. The passage is an imitation of Homer's account of the woodcutting for the pyre of Patroclus, Il. 23. 114 ff.: οἵ δ ̓ ἴσαν ὑλοτόμους πελέκεας ἐν χέρσιν ἔχοντες τάμνον ἐπειγόμενοι· ταὶ δὲ μεγάλα κτυπέουσαι and it is in its turn imitated by Vergil, Aen. 6. 179 ff.: Itur in antiquam silvam, stabula alta ferarum: 1. arbusta alta: note the characteristic alliteration here and in fraxinus frangitur, abies alta; in pinus proceras pervortunt he goes a step too far for real beauty. The onomatopoeia in fraxinus frangitur is admirable, and the selection of epithets for the trees is very appropriate. - 5. silvai frondosai: on the forms, A. & G. 36, a. Note the homoeoteleuton. 5. In 280 B. C., Fabricius and other envoys were sent to negotiate with Pyrrhus for the ransom of the Roman prisoners. Of the king's speech as given by Ennius, Cicero says (Off. 1. 38), regalis sane et digna Aeacidarum genere sententia. The Roman writers regularly treated him as a chivalrous foe. Prose translation in Sellar, P. R. p. 99. 1. dederītis: perf. subjunctive in a prohibition. Short i is never found in this form of the tense. - 2. nec cauponantes bellum: caupo is a petty retail dealer. Hence, not turning war into petty traffic. The phrase looks like an imitation of Aeschylus, Sept. 545, où katyλevoeiv μáxnŋ, which, however, means fight by wholesale. -3. cernamus: decide, determine. The usage of the verb in this sense with an accusative seems to be old legal Latin. 'Putting our lives to the issue.'-4. velit: see on servāt, 2. 4. era Fors: Dame Fortune. — 5. accipe: hear, addressed to Fabricius, while ducite, 8, is addressed to all the envoys. 7. eorundem : scanned as a trisyllable certumst: 1 am resolved. - 8. dono doque pleonastic, like our 'give and grant.'-volentibus. . . dis: a common polite formula. - Note the spondaic verse. Vergil ends two verses with the same words: Aen. 3. 12; 8. 679. 6. In 235 B. C. the temple of Janus was closed for the second time in the history of Rome; cf. Livy 1. 19. 3. But war soon broke out again, and the temple was not shut for a third time until after the battle of Actium, B. C. 29. Horace, in preserving this passage of Ennius (Sat. 1. 4. 60 ff.), notes that it is true poetry, for even the individual words, if you dismember the sentence, are, as it were, the disiecti membra poetae. In fact, we have here poetic personification (Discordia and Belli), two words which smack of epic diction (taetra and ferratos), and the alliteration and pleonasm postes portasque. 1. Discordia: Ennius appropriately makes the goddess Strife (the Greek Epis, whose apple led to the Trojan war) break open the gates. Vergil is not so happy in the selection of Juno in his imitation (Aen. 7. 622), Belli ferratos rumpit Saturnia postes. -2. ferratos: ironshod, ironclad. — Vergil in another imitation has (Aen. 1. 293) dirae ferro et compagibus artis | claudentur Belli portae, prophesying the closing by Augustus. 7. From this famous description of the 'Cunctator,' Vergil takes (Aen. 6. 846) his Tu Maximus ille es | unus qui nobis cunctando restituis rem. 1. rem: as often, rem publicam. --2. noenum: ne, not, + oinom or oenum, old forms of unum. rumores: = famam, 'what men said of him.' — ponebāt : see on servāt, 2. 4. 8. An oft-quoted characterization, applied by Ennius to a poor shepherd who showed the consul Flaminius a pass which led into the Macedonian camp. The story is told in Livy 32. 11. re: wealth. - fidei: note the quantity of the penult, which is found thus only once or twice elsewhere. 9. Of this verse, Cicero (Rep. 5. 1) says: vel brevitate vel veritate tamquam ex oraculo mihi quodam esse effatus videtur. stat: stands fast. The ablatives are instrumental. 10. The brave stand made by a tribune in a battle during the war with the Istrians, 178 B. C. Imitated from Homer's description of Ajax, Il. 16. 102 ff. Αἴας δ ̓ οὐκέτ ̓ ἔμιμνε· βιάζετο γὰρ βελέεσσι· Cf. Vergil, Aen. 9, 806 ff., of Turnus: Ergo nec clipeo iuvenis subsistere tantum flumen agit: fessos quatit aeger anhelitus artus. Aen. 9. 666, 1. conveniunt: come all together.—tribuno: A. & G. 235 N. — 2. tinnīt: see on servāt, 2. 4. 3. galeae: sc. tinniunt. Cf. Vergil's imitation in tum scuta cavaeque | dant sonitum flictu galeae. -nec: for the usual non. - pote: |