Henry III continued.

of France about quarrel of pope and
emperor, 117; asks pope to allow
K. John's body to be moved from
Worcester to Beaulieu, 119; asks
pope to confirm election to See of
Salisbury, 120; calls parliament at
Westminster, 125; vacillates between
de Rupibus and de Burgh, 129; begs
pope to forbid encroachments of Irish
bishops on royal prerogatives, 129;
surrounded by foreigners, 131; begs
pope to give hearing to Robt.
Twenge, 135; writes to prior of
Canterbury about election of abp.,
138; forbids monks of Canterbury to
hold election, 138; requests pope not
to summon nobles to plead out of
England, 156; depends upon St.
Edmund, 155; seeks in marriage Joan
of Poitou, 157; transfers affections to
Eleanor of Provence, 157; asks pope
to compel count of Brittany to return
to his allegiance, 157; writes to pope
about marriage of his sister, 158;
marries Eleanor of Provence, 158,
256; chooses twelve foreign counsel-
lors, 159; retires to Tower for safety
against barons, 160; asks pope to
send legate to England, 160-161;
promises reforms, 161; receives abso-
lution from censures, 162; asks for
aid of a thirtieth, 166; meets Otho
and Alexander II of Scotland, 168;
forbids statutes repugnant to Crown
to be passed in synod, 169; seizes
rioters at Abingdon, 176; refuses to
ratify choice for See of Winchester,
176; asks pope for retention of legate,
177; intrudes foreign prior into Win-
chester, 179, 193; visits Winchester
to influence election, 180; urges pope
to appoint his nominee to Winchester,
181; bishops and nobles complain of,
to legate, 182; writes to pope on be-
half of emperor, 183; advises Otho
to leave England, 183; spends Christ-

mas at Westminster, 189; makes
Otho's nephew a knight, 189; makes
Nich. de Farnham his confessor and
physician, 190; writes to pope in
favour of Boniface of Savoy, 191;
objects to Wm. de Raleigh for See of
Winchester, 192; asks pope for bene-
fice for Mansel, 197; prohibits bishops
from legislating against his Crown
and dignity, 200; prepares for war
with France, 201; refused a subsidy
for war with France, 201; crosses to
Poitou, 202; asks bishops for prayers
for blessing on his arms, 202; pre-
vents Cistercian abbots attending
their general Chapter, 204; sends
agents to Cistercian general Chapter,
204; opposes entrance of Wm. de
Raleigh to Winchester, 210; writes
to pope about "provisions," 215;
asks barons for subsidy, 216; renews
peace with Scotland, 220; confirmed
by pope in rights of presentation,
242; inquires as to amount of revenues
held by Romans, 225; protests to
Council of Lyons against large papal
exactions, 225; protests against K.
John's tribute, 225; confiscates pro-
perty of Sees of Chichester and Lich-
field, 227; urges prelates at Council
of Lyons to watch over English in-
terests, 230; vows not to pay annual
papal tribute, 242; his loyalty to
Holy See, 244-245; summons parlia-
ment in London, 246, 265 ; asks pope
to consider English grievances, 246;
forbids collection of papal subsidy,
251; expresses astonishment that
Grosseteste has collected papal sub-
sidy, 252; angry with Grosseteste for
refusing a presentation to a living,
255; asks pope to protect his rights
in Provence, 257; orders bishops not
to obey Bull of "provisions," 260;
annoyed at pope's disposing of first
fruits for See of Canterbury, 260;
suspected to be working in Curia for

his own ends, 270; asks parliament
for subsidy; refused, 274; sells plate
and jewels to City of London, 275;
refuses to be bound by any conditions,
275; gets from pope English subsidy
towards crusade, 276; appeals to
barons individually for money, 279;
grants a market at Westminster, 279;
exacts New Year's gifts from London
citizens, 279; demands subsidy from
religious houses of Essex and Herts,
280; gives false reasons for needing
money, 280-281; asks pope to force
clergy to grant him subsidy, 283;
protects privileges of royal chapels,
289; supports Abp. Boniface in visita-
tion disputes, 291; pope anxious for,
to go to Holy Land, 298; tries to
raise money in Ireland for crusade,
299, 300; determines to secure See of
Winchester for Aylmer de Valence,
302; goes to Winchester to support
election of Aylmer, 303; infatuation
for Aylmer, 305; contemplates jour-
ney to Lyons, 306; convokes meeting
of prelates in London, 308; incensed
with Aylmer's opposition, 309; tries
to coax bishops to grant him money,
310; loses his temper with Aylmer,
311; replies to bishops on freedom of
elections, 314-315; endorses sentence
of excommunication against infringers
of Church liberties, 316; rebukes
Aylmer for ill-treating monks of Win-
chester, 318; conditionally assents to
election of Henry de Wengham to
Winchester, 320; keeps property of
vacant sees and abbeys, 328; tho'
in need, munificent, 329; replies to
pope's invitation for earl of Cornwall
to be king of Sicily, 351; sends pope
money for Sicilian expedition, 352;
to pay expenses of Sicilian expedition,
354; asks earl of Cornwall to help
him in Sicilian business, 355; in
straits for money, 355; requires West-
minster abbey to guarantee tribute to

papal collector, 358; orders abbot of
Westminster to pay large sum for
Sicilian business, 361; explains his
critical situation to pope, 361; has to
pay large sums to Italian merchants,
362; summons meeting of prelates in
London, 363; threatened with excom-
munication for delays about Sicily,
368; urged by pope to be reconciled
with prelates, 369; warned by pope
of danger of neglecting sentence of
excommunication, 370; asks for modi.
fication of conditions regarding Sicily,
372; lays before pope account of what
he has done regarding Sicily, 372;
assents to fifty articles drawn up by
bishops, 374; takes oath to govern by
advice of council, 377; asks pope for
legate, 380; protests against action
of Roman official about Winchester,
381; impatient at restraints of "Pro-
visions of Oxford," 386; seeks absolu-
tion from oath, of Rome, 386; pub-
lishes pope's absolution from oaths,
388; informs pope of his difficulties,
389; asks Ottoboni to use his influ-
ence against barons, 389; breaks away
from council of barons; seizes Tower
of London, 392; makes peace with
barons, 393; denied admittance to
Dover Castle, 394; goes to Amiens
to meet arbitrators, 395; tells pope
of award of Amiens, 396; taken
prisoner at battle of Lewes, 397;
helped to freedom by Gilbert, earl of
Gloucester, 407; congratulated by
pope on his liberation from captivity,
407; counselled to moderation in
victory by pope, 408; asks respite
for payment of papal tribute, 412;
receives grant of tenth from pope;
asks more from Convocation, 412;
death of, 418.

Henry of Cornhill, dean of St. Paul's,
294.
Hereford escape of Prince Edward at,

403.

Hereford, bp. of (Aquablanca): con-
fronts Henry about Winchester scan-
dal, 211; goes to Lyons, 223: assists
in consecration of Abp. Boniface, 258;
pope's agent for English business,
262; ordered to collect tithe for
crusade, 285-286; tries to collect
money for pope from monasteries,
357; favours Rustand's exactions,
358; borrows in pope's name, 364.
Hereford, dean of, commissioned by
pope to raise money for Abp. Boni-
face, 298.

Herlot papal nuncio, sent to settle
Sicilian business, 371; seeks reply as
to England's intentions about Sicily,
376; meets parliament at Oxford;
demands third part of goods, 377;
retirement of from England, 375, 377;
reports on political situation in Eng-
land and France, 379; nephew of,
gets English benefice, 381.

Honorius III: accession of, 26; watches

over Henry's interests, 28; writes
exhortation to Henry on his accession,
29; appeals to barons to submit to
Henry, 30; orders Gualo to protect
Henry, 31; claims England as fief of
Holy See, 31; condemns barons'
oath to Louis of France, 31; orders
earl of Pembroke to guard kingdom,
32; gives Gualo special powers, 32;
writes to Henry, 34; attitude of, to-
wards England, unquestioned, 35;
real source of government in England,
35; orders tax to be levied to help
Henry, 36; instructs Gualo about
appointment of coadjutor regent of
kingdom, 36-37; suzerainty of, ac-
knowledged, 39; announces Pan-
dulph's appointment as legate to Eng-
lish bishops, 44; instructs Pandulph
as to Henry's tutors, 48; writes to
legate on lay matters, 48; orders
king's castles to be restored, 49;
writes to Pandulph to protect king's
interests, 49; orders to Pandulph

about king's castles, 50; writes to
Poitevin bishops about Henry's in-
terests, 50; grants privileges to Lang-
ton, 54; makes Pandulph bishop of
Norwich, 55; acts through English
episcopate, 56; urges bishops to put
down abuses, 56; proceeds against
priory of Worcester for forged docu-
ments, 63; appoints abbot of Read-
ing to inquire into Worcester dispute,
63; inquires into alleged forged
documents of Tewkesbury abbey, 64;
inquires into Durham dispute, 65;
sends Durham appeal to be decided
in England, 66; inquires into dis-
pute between bp. of London and
Westminster abbey, 66; inquires
into dispute between St. Mary's ab-
bey, York, and abp., 67; inquires
into forgeries of papal documents,
68; acknowledged as suzerain by
Reginald, king of Isle of Man, 70;
exercises authority over Henry's Coun-
cil, 71; condemns infringements of
ecclesiastical liberties, 71; admon-
ishes Reginald, king of Isle of Man,
71; orders earl of March to submit
to Henry, 72; blames abp. of Poitou
for opposing Henry, 72; intervenes
in dispute between Henry and Lle-
wellyn, 73; decides about guardian-
ship of royal castles, 74; declares
Henry of age, and chief ruler, 75;
appealed to by English barons, 76;
upbraids Henry for forgetting benefits,
78; condemns Henry for prohibiting
bishops from going to Rome, 79; in-
tervenes on behalf of de Breauté, 80;
writes to Stephen Langton about de
Breauté, 81, 105; thinks of sending
nuncio to England, 82; determines
to send nuncio to England, 83; tries
to obtain Henry's consent about it,
83; remonstrates with Henry about
barons, 85; advises bishops to give
Henry a subsidy, 86; advises Henry
not to exact too heavy taxes, 86; ap-

peals for money for work in Curia,
94; plan to raise money for Curia,
94; aware of stigma of avarice rest-
ing on Roman Curia, 94; recalls
Otho, 95; orders Stephen Langton
to summon meetings to give reply to
Otho, 96; writes to English prelates
about help, 96; reproaches Guy de
Lusignan for opposing Henry, 102;
tries to get money for Henry, 103;
protects Henry from French king,
103; warns Henry not to help Louis'
enemies, 103; labours to preserve
peace between England and France,
104; forbids Richard of Cornwall to
attack Louis, 104; writes to abp. of
York about election to See of Dur-
ham, 107; refuses to ratify election
of Simon Langton to See of York,
112; orders collection for Holy Land,
110;
Laws about profession of
novices, 173; legislation of, for Bene-
dictines, 177; effects truces between
England and France, 201; bestowed
many livings at pleasure, 237; death
of, 110.

Hugh, bishop of Lincoln, fined, 38.
Hugo, Cardinal, investigates debts of
Abp. Boniface, 297.
Hugh, St., of Lincoln, 70.
Hungary, in power of Turks, 268.

Iacobi, R., Sienese merchant, 388.
Indulgences: promised: to contributors

to crusade, 285; to those helping
Henry against rebels, 402.
Innocent III: Mr. Brewer's estimate of,
2; victory over K. John, 2; absolves
K. John, 3; receives John's oath of
fealty a second time, 5; accepts John's
repeated submission, 6; takes John
under protection of Holy See, 7; be-
stows England and Ireland on K.
John, 7; misunderstands attitude of
English bishops and barons, 8; re-
proves bishops' opposition to K. John,
8; reproves barons for opposing K.

John, 9; misinformed as to real state
of affairs, 9-10; defends K. John
against barons, 13-14; threatens
barons with excommunication, 14;
writes to Stephen Langton, 17; an-
nuls Magna Charta, 17, 19; sends
brief to English barons, 19; forbids
Simon Langton ever to return to Eng-
land, 20; writes to Pandulph and bp.
of Winchester, 20; excommunicates
barons, 20-21; confirms excommuni-
cation, 23; protects K. John, as his
vassal, 24; suspects John's sincerity,
26; appoints Pandulph as nuncio, 42;
his confirmation of Magna Charta,
182; first to claim to give benefices
at will, 237; death of, 26.
Innocent IV: Cardinal Sinibald elected
pope as, 205; confirms election of
Boniface of Savoy, 192, 209; settles
Winchester dispute in favour of
monks, 193; intervenes in dispute
between Grosseteste and monks of
Canterbury, 206; work of, as pope,
208; remonstrates with Henry about
Winchester scandal, 211; tries to ob-
tain money from England, 214; urges
barons to grant Henry a subsidy, 216;
supports money demands of collector,
218; receives treaty between Eng-
land and Scotland for confirmation,
confirms the will of king of Eng-
land, 221; confirmation of, frequently
sought, 221; escapes from Italy to
Lyons, 221; invited to pay a visit to
England, 223; defends papal exac-
tions, 225; consecrates abp. of Can-
terbury, 227, 258; arrival of, at
Lyons, 228; commands presence of
abp. of York at Lyons, 230; brings
charges against emperor, 230; con-
siders English complaints, 233; re-
ceives grievances of French nation
against papal exactions, 234; puts
aside complaints against Holy See,
240; farewell interview of, with
Grosseteste, 243; asked to consider

220;

Innocent IV-continued.

English grievances, 246, 247; makes
further demands, wants embroidery,
250; claims property of intestate
clerks, 250; justifies action about
subsidies, to Henry, 253; indisposed
to abate calls on English clergy, 253;
defends "provisions," 254; orders
recipients of Henry's gifts to return
them, 258; orders bp. of Hereford to
collect first fruits for abp. of Canter-
bury, 259; absolves suspended bis-
hops, 260; grants Abp. Boniface dis-
charge from debts, 261; urges on
crusade, in England, 262; asks
twentieth from clergy for crusade,
263; purposes to extract money from
England under pain of interdict, 268;
borrows in advance on expectation of
money from England, 269; promises
about English benefices, 269; makes
Friar John collector in England, 270;
sends Marinus to collect money, 273;
reminds Henry of overdue tribute,
275; urges bishops to collect aids,
276; asks St. Louis for concessions
about English crusade, 276; tries to
secure English benefice for Robert,
son of duke of Burgundy, 277; insists
on right to present to English bene-
fices, 278; intervenes in election to
See of St. Asaph, 278; authorises
Henry to resume crown lands, 281;
writes to English bishops on needs of
Holy See, 283; grants Henry a tenth
towards Crusade, 283-284, 285; urges
bishops and friars to help Crusade,
285; decretal of, giving Abp. Boni-
face ample powers of visitation, 293;
decides against Abp. Boniface, on ap-
peal, 295; intervenes in dispute be-
tween Abp. Boniface and suffragans,
297; at Perugia, 297; issues com-
mission to raise money for Abp. Boni-
face, 298; decides in favour of Abp.
Boniface, 298; anxious for Henry to
go to Holy Land, 298; tries to raise

money for Henry in Scotland, 299;
writes to collectors about money for
Henry's Crusade, 301; dissuades
Henry from going to Lyons, 306; the
prior of Winchester, 319; papal "pro-
visions" in France, 326; commends
charitable loan society, 331; orders
Benedictines to observe statutes of
Gregory IX, 333; confers Lincoln
canonry on Italian, 337; angry with
Grosseteste for opposition, 338; pre-
sentation by, of foreigners to Eng-
lish benefices, 339; defends "pro-
visions," 341; opens negotiations
with England and with France about
Sicily, 347; writes to Henry about
Sicily, 348, 352; promised money to
secure Sicily for P. Edmund, 353;
death of, 320, 325.

Innocent, Master, papal notary in Eng-
land, 337.

Instruction of people, orders about, 37,
61.

Isaac, the Jew of Norwich, 46.
Isabella, widow of K. John, 302 note.

Joan, daughter of C. of Poitou, sought
in marriage by Henry, 157.
Jocelin, bp. of Bath administers corona-
tion oath to Henry, 29.

John, archdeacon of Bedford, sent to
Rome by Henry to oppose Canter-
bury election, 122.

John, friar, Franciscan, made papal
collector in England, 270; summons

abbot of St. Alban's to pay, 272, 273.
John, King: asks Rome to nullify
Great Charter, I; puts off crown and
receives it from legate, 2; absolved
by pope, 3; surrenders kingdom to
Holy See; nation never consented,
4; what surrender by, to Holy See,
meant, 5; submission of to pope, re-
newed, 5, 42; taken under protection
of Holy See, 7; grant to by pope, of
England and Ireland, 7; sends for
Langton to learn barons' demands,