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Suetus, hiat tantum, ceu pullus hirundinis, ad quem
Ore volat pleno mater jejuna. Sed omni
Membrorum damno major dementia, quae nec
Nomina servorum, nec vultum agnoscit amici,
Cum quo praeterita coenavit nocte nec illos,
Quos genuit, quos eduxit. Nam codice saevo
Heredes vetat esse suos; bona tota feruntur
Ad Phialen: tantum artificis valet halitus oris,
Quod steterat multis in carcere fornicis annis.
Ut vigeant sensus animi, ducenda tamen sunt
Funera natorum, rogus aspiciendus amatae
Conjugis et fratris plenaeque sororibus urnae.
Haec data poena diu viventibus, ut renovata
Semper clade domus, multis in luctibus inque
Perpetuo moerore et nigra veste senescant.

235

130

240

245

Rex Pylius, magno si quidquam credis Homero,
Exemplum vitae fuit a cornice secundae.

"Felix nimirum, qui tot per secula mortem

Distulit atque suos jam dextra computat annos,

Quique novum toties mustum bibit." Oro, parumper

250

Attendas, quantum de legibus ipse queratur

>

Fatorum et nimio de stamine, quum videt acris
Antilochi barbam ardentem; quum quaerit ab omni,
Quisquis adest socius, cur haec in tempora duret,

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231, 232] Homer makes Achilles (I. IX. 322 sqq.) compare himself to the careful mother. Juvenal compares the dotard to the gaping chick.

236 eduxit] "Quod nos educare dicimus, antiqui educere dixerunt" (Calp. ad Heaut. ii. 1—14).

237 bona tota feruntur] She takes possession - in theory the heredes sui would have a remedy, especially against a persona turpis.

239 multis annis] As if he might have left her there; so Livy, i. 29 fin.,

speaks of the centuries which Alba had stood, as if it might have stood for ever.

249 Jam dextra] As they exceed a hundred.

250 Quique...bibit] "To whom the month of vintage came round so often." This is the sense, but it is purposely put in a way to vulgarise it.

252, 253] He lived to see his son a man, and a brave man, and to lose him when he would feel it most.

Quod facinus dignum tam longo admiserit aevo?
Haec eadem Peleus, raptum quum luget Achillem,
Atque alius, cui fas Ithacum lugere natantem.
Incolumi Troja Priamus venisset ad umbras
Assaraci, magnis solemnibus, Hectore funus
Portante ac reliquis fratrum cervicibus, inter
Iliadum lacrimas, ut primos edere planctus
Cassandra inciperet scissaque Polyxena palla,
Si foret exstinctus diverso tempore, quo non
Coeperat audaces Paris aedificare carinas.
Longa dies igitur quid contulit? omnia vidit
Eversa et flammis Asiam ferroque cadentem.
Tunc miles tremulus posita tulit arma tiara
Et ruit ante aram summi Jovis, ut vetulus bos,
Qui domini cultris tenue et miserabile collum
Praebet, ab ingrato jam fastiditus aratro.
Exitus ille utcunque hominis: sed torva canino

256. 257] "Peleus says the same when he is mourning the early death of Achilles; and so does another, who had a right to mourn Ulysses as dead, he was at sea so long."

260 reliquis] All the fifty would have been left to bury him.

261, 262] Cassandra and Polyxena are mentioned, because both were slain in consequence of the capture of Troy. If it were not for the Homeric formula, ἦρχε γόοιο, of which primos edere planctus is a possible, though unsatisfactory translation, the sense would be pretty clear; scissa palla would apply to both (as it must any way), and primos edere planctus to Cassandra alone, meaning that she was only just beginning to be a trouble to her friends. Ut would be preceded by ita, or some equivalent word or words in prose.

263 non] So P. uncorrected, the others jam, which is better, per se.

255

260

265

270

267] Cf. Verg. Aen. ii. 509, 557

270 ab] It would be perfectly possible to translate ab, from,' dismissed with scorn from the unthankful plough;' but it is safer to explain the passage on the general principle that when the ablative after a passive verb could be turned into the nominative to an active verb, ab is used, as here; when another subject would be supplied to the active verb, the ablative is used alone. Cic. de Off. i. 29: "Ita generati a naturâ sumus,' i. q. ita natura nos generavit.

Id. v. 2; "Omnis enim quae a ratione suscipitur de aliquâ re institutio debet a definitione profiscisci." Here we might convert either ". 'quam ratio suscipit," or better, "quam ratione suscipimus." Hence some plausi bly propose to omit a; though, as "ita nos natura generavit" is less classical than its equivalent, the cor

Latravit rictu, quae post hunc vixerat, uxor.
Festino ad nostros, et regem transeo Ponti,
Et Croesum, quem vox justi facunda Solonis
Respicere ad longae jussit spatia ultima vitae.
Exsilium et carcer, Minturnarumque paludes,
Et mendicatus victa Carthagine panis

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Hinc causas habuere. Quid illo cive tulisset
Natura in terris, quid Roma beatius unquam,
Si, circumducto captivorum agmine et omni
Bellorum pompa, animam exhalasset opimam,
Quum de Teutonico vellet descendere curru ?
Provida Pompeio dederat Campania febres
Optandas: sed multae urbes et publica vota
Vicerunt. Igitur Fortuna ipsius et urbis
Servatum victo caput abstulit. Hoc cruciatu
Lentulus, hac poena caruit ceciditque Cethegus.
Integer, et jacuit Catilina cadavere toto.

rection is not certain. Ov. A. A. i. 509:

"Minoida Theseus Abstulit a nulla tempora comtus

acu.

i. q. Cujus tempora nulla acus compserit.

"Nil moveor lacrimis; ista sum captus ab arte."

i.q. Nihil lacrimis me moves, ista ars me cepit, where the variation is capricious, as Hand says (Turs. i. 27).

272 vixerat] "His wife, who had survived him, lived to bark;" we should observe this distinction of tenses in telling a new story, not in alluding to an old one.

274 Solonis] Solon's legislation is placed B.C. 594, the usurpation of Peisistratus, which he survived, 560. Croesus' accession is dated 560 by Grote, 568 by Rawlinson. The story would not present any

275

280

285

grave chronological difficulty unless we were sure that Herodotus was quite accurate in implying that Solon was only away from Athens ten years, and that he left almost immediately after carrying his reforms. Grote objects to the story on internal evidence. Duplicate stories are always suspicious, and we have certainly a duplicate of this story referred to Gyges, xiv. 120, n.

275 spatia ultima] Probably the last rounds in the race, a metaphor from the circus. 277 victa] "Which he had subdued." Juvenal did not distinguish between Numidia and Africa.

281 opimam] The spolia opima are the choice spoils; his soul would have been choice incense.

287 Lentulus] Being praetor, was left to manage the conspiracy, which he ruined by his intrigue with the Gauls.

288] Catilina's head was cut off

Formam optat modico pueris, majore puellis

Murmure, quum Veneris fanum videt anxia mater,
Usque ad delicias votorum. "Cur tamen," inquit,
"Corripias? Pulcra gaudet Latona Diana."
Sed vetat optari faciem Lucretia, qualem
Ipsa habuit: cuperet Rutilae Virginia gibbum
Accipere atque suam Rutilae dare. Filius autem
Corporis egregii miseros trepidosque parentes

290

295

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Larga manu: (quid enim puero conferre potest plus

Custode et cura natura potentior omni?)

Non licet esse viro: nam prodiga corruptoris

Improbitas ipsos audet tentare parentes.

305

Tanta in muneribus fiducia! Nullus ephebum

Deformem saeva castravit in arce tyrannus:
Nec praetextatum rapuit Nero loripedem, nec
Strumosum atque utero pariter gibboque tumentem.
I nunc et juvenis specie laetare tui, quem
Majora exspectant discrimina! fiet adulter

as a trophy, according to Dio (xxxvii.
40).

289, sqq.] Majore puellis murmure. Then she is not afraid of

being overheard "she goes into

all sorts of dainty details," delicias

votorum.

292, sq.] Cf. "Latonae tacitum pertentant gaudia pectus" (Aen. i. 502. Cf. Od. vi. 102 sq.). The speaker foresees the objection to her prayer and tries to meet it by the example of Diana. The satirist replies, "beauty may be a blessing to a goddess, not to the chastest of women."

295 suam] 'Faciem.'

310

300, 301, vultumque modesto Sanguine ferventem] A face with modest blood enough for a blush in it.

304 viro] The MSS. have viros' or 'viris;' the uncertainty and the singular (302, 295) favour Jahn's conjecture.

306] "So bold are they in the matter of gifts."

307 arce] Cf. iv. 145.

310 juvenis] When he has reached manhood without misfortune or disgrace.

311 Majora] Greater than these I have described.

Publicus, et poenas metuet, quascunque maritis

Iratis debet: nec erit felicior astro

Martis, ut in laqueos nunquam incidat. Exigit autem
Interdum ille dolor plus, quam lex ulla dolori

315

Concessit. Necat hic ferro, secat ille cruentis
Verberibus, quosdam moechos et mugilis intrat.
Sed tuus Endymion dilectae fiet adulter
Matronae mox quum dederit Servilia nummos,
Fiet et illius, quam non amat; exuet omnem
Corporis ornatum. Quid enim ulla negaverit udis
Inguinibus, sive est haec Oppia, sive Catulla?
Deterior totos habet illic femina mores.

"Sed casto quid forma nocet ?" Quid profuit immo
Hippolyto grave propositum? quid Bellerophonti?
Erubuit nempe haec, ceu fastidita, repulso

Nec Stheneboea minus, quam Cressa, excanduit, et se
Concussere ambae. Mulier saevissima tunc est,
Quum stimulos odio pudor admovet. Elige, quidnam
Suadendum esse putes, cui nubere Caesaris uxor

313 debet] A detention of twenty hours, and relegation with the loss of half his property, and in some cases death.

317 mugilis] More commonly mugil (Phocas ii. 5, p. 326, Lind.). 318 Sed...matronae] At least you think that if he is not spotless, he will keep to one, and then the risk will be less.

320 exuet] "He will strip her." 323 Deterior] "When corrupted." Hor. Od. III. v. 30: "Curat reponi deterioribus."

326 haec] refers to Phaedra,daughter of Minos, hence Cressa inf. 327; because the writer beginning with the case of Hippolytus has her before his eyes as the principal, and therefore the nearest subject. Of course also Stheneboca the wife of

320

325

330

Proetus instead of illa softens the unusual sense of haec.

repulso] So P. and the Scholiast; most others repulsa; the text is the ablative absolute. Cf. 'certato' (Tac. Ann. xi. 16).

327 excanduit] Like erubuit is purely subjective: se concussere shook themselves up' marks the transition to active resentment; the next sentence gives the reason why their resentment was so dangerous.

330, sq.] According to Tacitus, Messalina made Silius divorce his wife, and openly constituted herself his mistress; but after a year he proposed the marriage; while she, though attracted by the scandal, shrank a little from the risk of losing her lover. Suetonius tells a story that Claudius had heard some pro

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