they pine away with them. If they shall confess their iniquity, and the iniquity of their fathers, with their trespass which they trespassed against me, and that also they have walked contrary unto me; and that I also have walked contrary unto them, and have brought them into the land of their enemies; if then their uncircumcised hearts be humbled, and they then accept of the punishment of their iniquity; then will I remember my covenant with Jacob, and also my covenant with Isaac, and also my covenant with Abraham will I remember; and I will remember the land. The land also shall be left of them, and shall enjoy her Sabbaths, while she lieth desolate without them and they shall accept of the punishment of their iniquity; because, even because they despised my judgments, and because their soul abhorred my statutes."

The following passage will perhaps help us to the date of these curses:

2 Chronicles xxxvi. 20, 21.

"And them that had escaped from the sword carried he away to Babylon, where they were servants to him and his sons, until the reign of the kingdom of Persia; to fulfil the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed her Sabbaths; for as long as she lay desolate she kept Sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years."

To the same class of curses belong the following:

Deuteronomy iv. 27.

"And the Lord shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the Lord shall lead you."

Deuteronomy xxviii. 25, 36, 37, 64.

"The Lord shall cause thee to be smitten before thine enemies : thou shalt go out one way against them, and flee seven ways before them; and shalt be removed into all the kingdoms of the earth. . . . . .

"The Lord shall bring thee, and thy king which thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation which neither thou nor thy fathers have known; and there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone. And thou shalt become an astonishment, a proverb, and a by-word, among all nations whither the Lord shall lead thee...

"And the Lord shall scatter thee among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the other; and there thou shalt serve other gods, which neither thou nor thy fathers have known, even wood and stone."

Deuteronomy xxix. 25, sqq.

"Then men shall say, ' Because they have forsaken the covenant of the Lord God of their fathers, which he made with them, when he brought them forth out of the land of Egypt: for they went and served other gods, and worshipped them, gods whom they knew not, and whom he had not given unto them. And the anger of the Lord was kindled against this land, to bring upon it all the curses that are written in this book: and the Lord rooted them out of their land in anger, and in wrath, and in great indignation, and cast them into another land, as it is this day.""]

Sometimes later events are only faintly alluded to: Gen. xvii. 6, " And I will make thee exceeding fruitful, and I will make nations of thee; and kings shall come out of thee." Verse 16, "And I will bless her, [Sarah,] and give thee a son also of her: yea, I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of nations; kings of people shall be of her." And the similar passage, XXXV. 11.

In Gen. xxxvi. 31, there is mention of kings of Israel: "And these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom, before there reigned any king over the children of Israel." A similar allusion is made Deut. xxviii. 36.

Gen. xxvii. 40, Jacob, blessing Esau, says, "By thy sword shalt thou live, and shalt serve thy brother. But it shall come to pass when thou shalt have the dominion, that thou shalt break his yoke from off thy neck." Compare the following passages:

2 Samuel viii. 14.

"And he [David] put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons: and all they of Edom became David's servants,"

2 Kings viii. 20.

"In his days Edom revolted from under the hand of Judah, and made a king over themselves."

Numbers xxiv. 7.

"He [Jacob] shall pour the water out of his buckets, and his seed shall be in many waters, and his king shall be higher than Agag, and his kingdom shall be exalted."

Numbers xxiv. 17-20.

"I shall see him, but not now; I shall behold him, but not nigh: there shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel, and shall smite the corners of Moab, and destroy all the children of Sheth. And Edom shall be a possession; Seir also shall be a possession for his enemies; and Israel shall do valiantly. Out of Jacob shall come he that shall have dominion, and shall destroy him that remaineth of the city. And when he looked on Amalek, he took up his parable, and said, 'Amalek was the first of the nations, but his latter end shall be that he perish forever.'"

Compare 1 Sam. xv., where Saul routs the Amalekites, and Samuel hews Agag, their king, in pieces; xiv. 47, where Saul's conquest of this nation is related; 1 Ch. iv. 43, where their destruction is completed; and 2 Sam. viii. 2, 14.

Num. xxiv. 22. "The Kenite shall be wasted until Ashur shall carry thee away captive." But this is doubtful. Compare the following:

Deuteronomy xxviii. 68.

"And the Lord shall bring thee into Egypt again with ships, by the way whereof I spake unto thee, Thou shalt see it no more again' and there ye shall be sold unto your enemies for bond-men and bond-women, and no man shall buy you."

Isaiah xi. 11.

"And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people,

which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea."

Zephaniah iii. 10.

"From beyond the rivers of Ethiopia my suppliants, even the daughter of my dispersed, shall bring mine offering."

IV. Names of places and regions, which were first known at a later date, also occur:- Hebron. Gen. xiii. 18, "Mamre, which is Hebron," &c. But from Josh. xiv. 15, xv. 13, it appears Hebron was a modern name, probably given in honor of the grandson of Caleb. (1 Ch. ii. 41.) [Formerly it had been called Kirjath-arba. It is even called by its ancient name in Neh. xi. 25.]

Dan is mentioned Gen. xiv. 14, and Deut. xxxiv. 1. In the last passage, it is the extreme limit of the land of Gilead. But the place did not come into the possession of Dan until long after Moses, as it appears from Judg. xviii. 29" And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born unto Israel: howbeit, the name of the city was Laish at the first."

Beth-el is mentioned Gen. xii. 8-" And he [Abram] removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Beth-el; there he builded an altar." Again, (xxviii. 19,) Jacob comes to the place, where he passes the night, and has a remarkable dream; "And he called the name of that place Beth-el; but the name of the city was Luz at first.' "Gen. xxxv. 15, as Jacob returns from Padan-aram, Elohim appears to him, “ And Jacob called the name of the place where Elohim spake with him Beth-el." But in Josh. xviii. 13, it is still called "Luz, (which is Beth-el.)"

Havoth-jair (the villages of Jair) is mentioned Num. xxxii. 41-" And Jair the son of Manasseh went

and took the small towns thereof, and called them Havoth-jair;" and Deut. iii. 14, "Jair the son of Manasseh took all the country of Argob, unto the coasts of Geshuri, and Maachathi, and called them after his own name, Bashan-havoth-jair, unto this day." But, according to Judges, (x. 3, 4,) the place was named from Jair, who judged Israel long after Moses. "And after him arose Jair, a Gileadite, and judged Israel twenty-and-two years. And he had thirty sons that rode on thirty asscolts, and they had thirty cities, which are called Havothjair unto this day, which are in the land of Gilead."

Ophir, also, is mentioned Gen. x. 29. Compare 1 Kings ix. 28.

In the course of such an unhistorical and arbitrary treatment, it was natural that the same thing should be differently represented, and the various writers should contradict themselves.

Compare Gen. ii. 4-25, with the very different account of the same things in i. 1-ii. 3. Compare, also, the following:

Genesis.

Chap. vi. 19-21. "And of every living thing of all flesh, two of every sort shalt thou bring into the ark, to keep them alive with thee they shall be male and female. Of fowls after their kind, and of cattle after their kind, of every creeping thing of the earth after his kind; two of every sort shall come unto thee, to keep them alive. And take thou unto thee of all food that is eaten, and thou shalt gather it to thee; and it shall be for food for thee, and for them."

Chap. ix. 8-17. “And God spake unto Noah, and to his