This was signed by eleven hundred (1100) of the foremost citizens of Cincinnati, including the mayor and members of the City Council. In this movement Dr. T. V. Morrow took the lead, and was ably assisted by Doctors L. E. Jones, A. H. Baldridge, B. L. Hill, John White, and others. The petition went to Columbus, but it did not go alone. Some sixty odd physicians of the allopathic branch of the profession, "conceiving a dreadful antipathy to the establishment of such a school as the competitor of the Ohio Medical College," sent in a counter-petition. Doctor O'Ferrall, of Piqua, Ohio, chairman of the Committee on Medical Colleges and Societies, voiced the views of the opposition in the extravagant statement "that the medical profession had reached the summit the very acme of medical science and that medicine does not need, nor is it susceptible of further improvement or reform." The reform petitioners were represented by Senator Ephraim Eckley, chairman of the Committee on Corporations, who in a masterly, if less grandiloquent, report than that of the Senator-Doctor from Piqua, recommended the passage of the measure.

On March 10, 1845, the bill incorporating THE ECLECTIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE was passed. The intolerant and illiberal spirit of medical monopoly was most signally rebuked. Colonel Kilbourne, who had been the friend of the School at Worthington, was the leader in this matter, and to his watchful interest was due the passage of the act. For him and for the new school and its faculty it was the hour of triumph, and it was appropriately celebrated.

Medical Reform was now fairly launched. Announcing the good news, the Western Medical Reformer issued the following manifesto:-"Our college will be strictly what its name indicatesEclectic-excluding all such medicines and such remedies as, under ordinary circumstances of their judicious use, are liable to produce evil consequences or endanger the future health of the patient."

A faculty was organized-the first under the charter-constituted as follows: On Anatomy, Benjamin Lord Hill, M. D.; on Physiology, Pathology, Theory, and Practice of Medicine, Thomas Vaughan Morrow, M. D., Dean; on Surgery and Medical Jurisprudence, Hiram Cox, M. D.; on Materia Medica, Therapeutics, and Botany, Lorenzo Elbridge Jones, M. D.; on Chemistry and Pharmacy, James Harvey Oliver, M. D.; on Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children, Alexander Holmes Baldridge, M. D., Lectures on Clinical Medicine and Surgery, by Doctors Morrow and

Cox. A session was immediately begun, and continued until July 1st. The fees were $5 per course for each professor.

The provisions of the charter making it obligatory upon the corporation "to possess property in its own right to the fair value of ten thousand dollars ($10,000)" before diplomas could be granted, enforced the providing of a building and thus the corporation was spurred to redoubled activity. Among others, Doctors L. E. Jones, Morrow, Baldridge, and Hill, but especially Doctor Jones, contributed liberally, and a college building was erected on a lot 90 x 46 feet, on the northwest corner of Court and Plum Streets.

The edifice was completed in 1846, and first occupied November 7th, by the faculty and graduating class of 1847. Doctor Wooster Beach, the founder of Medical Reform, and now well along in years, came on from the East to take charge of the "clinique" and his text-book-"The American Practice"-was the only book on reformed medicine then available. Text-books of the regular school were still used, but the lectures on practice were carefully revised and presented according to the views of the reformed physicians. The new school was prosperous and had, in its first year, 81 students and 22 graduates; and in the following year, 127 students and 31 graduates.

The first year of the embryo institution passed off successfully, having had a good enrollment and a fair sized graduating class. Thus far Doctor Morrow had kept his hand on the helm. Being broad, tolerant, and liberal-minded, however, he was tempted, by the desire to spread reform and enlarge the school, to recognize and aid homeopathy-unwisely for the peace and prosperity of the new college.

He with others looked favorably upon the efforts of the homeopaths to gain a foothold, and inclined strongly toward the establishment of a chair of homeopathy in the Institute-a purpose duly announced in the college journal. This innovation, to be referred to hereafter, proved to be one of the first disturbing procedures in the progress of the infant school. Another was the addition to the faculty of one who for the next decade provoked continual uneasiness among the corps of teachers. On March 25, 1846, there was taken into the faculty a brilliant scholar and lecturer, who, though not deeply versed in medical knowledge, had recognized the justice of the cause of Eclecticism and had cast his lot

with the reformers. He was a fluent and persuasive speaker, ready with the pen, and could grace the occasion when a convincing orator was needed to appear before the people. It was, therefore, considered a great stroke of policy when Doctor Joseph Rhodes Buchanan was added to the faculty.

Professor Buchanan remained with the school some ten years, and well-meaning though he undoubtedly was, he proved as visionary and unpractical as he was talented and eloquent. So tenacious was he of his favorite subject of cerebral physiology (closely allied to phrenology) and so insistent was he to display it on all occasions, that there soon arose dissensions in the faculty which resulted in the withdrawal of some of the most able professors froin the teaching force.

In accordance with the liberal policy previously referred to, an invitation was sent to a body of Homeopathic physicians who had settled in the West and were contemplating the organization of a college of Homeopathists at Cleveland, to select a representative to occupy a chair of Homeopathy in the Institute. At a convention held by the Homeopathists at Cleveland, Professor Hill was present to urge the innovation.

On June 26, 1849, the invitation was accepted and Doctor Storm Rosa, of Painesville, Ohio, was unanimously chosen to fill the position, and Doctor David Sheppard, of Bainbridge, Ohio, was selected as editor of a Homeopathic Department in the Eclectic Medical Journal, the successor of the Western Medical Reformer.

During the following session of the Institute, Professor Rosa lectured "with dignity upon the principles of Homeopathy" as was declared by the whole class, "notwithstanding the many embarrassments appendaged thereunto." As a result, a few students were won over to Homeopathy, though the majority of the class remained Eclectic. At the Commencement, held March 6, 1850, six students received both Eclectic and Homeopathic diplomas. Thus was the Eclectic Medical Institute the first institution in the West to give Homeopathic instruction, and the first in the West to graduate a class in Homeopathy. In this class was the distinguished Homeopathic historian, Doctor David H. Beckwith, of Cleveland, who died in 1910.

The large-hearted liberality of Doctor Morrow and others interested in providing from the teaching of Homeopathy, proved but indiscretion, for within a year the college was as eager to rid