opinions by his success at Chautauqua last summer. He will give a course of lessons in Anglo-Saxon and Historical English, with half hour talks on the History of the English Language. A daily course in Shakspere will be conducted during the first four weeks of the term. A daily course in Chaucer will be conducted during the last two weeks of the term, and weekly lectures will be given on Representative English Poets. Most of the books needed as aids will be found in the small reference library in connection with the School of Languages.

9. Two prizes, of ten and fifteen dollars in money, will be presented for proficiency in Anglo-Saxon; this to be decided by an examination next summer at Chautauqua. The papers will be examined by Prof. A. S. Cook, the former Anglo-Saxon professor, now in Germany. The names of the successful contestants will be published in the HERALD together with two or three others deserving of honorable mention. All who apply may enter the examination on condition of reporting his or her name three days before the examination takes place. Those who enter for the examination should be prepared on all the prose of Sweet's "Anglo-Saxon Reader." Ample time will be given for the examination, which will be exclusively in writing. In deciding upon the merits of the work, account will be taken, first, of the faithfulness and general excellence of the translations; second, of the grammatical knowledge exhibited in the parsing of selected passages, and in the answers to a series of written questions.

up in the amphitheater at Chautauqua for use during the School of Languages and the Teachers' Retreat, and all the meetings of 1882. There will be a grand Organ Concert on Saturday, July 8, the opening day of the Teachers' Retreat and the School of Languages.

17. The C. S. L. and the C. T. R. have both grown steadily since their organization. The School of Languages for 1881 enrolled 148 members, of whom 18 studied Greek, 47 Latin, 84 German, 81 French, 12 Anglo-Saxon, 22 English Literature. There were 43 who studied both German and French. One hundred and two certificates were issued for attendance upon the entire six weeks' course.

One hundred and sixteen took lessons in Elocution. In the Teachers' Retreat there were, in 1881, 105 members. Most of these completed the course.

18. In connection with the C. S. L. and the C. T. R. in 1882 a Committee of Reception and Entertainment will be appointed, whose duty it shall be to arrange for and direct the Recreations, Concerts, Receptions, Sociables, etc., of the meeting.

19. Guiseppe Vitale, who delighted the students a year ago with his matchless performances on the violin, will be in attendance during the sessions of the Teachers' Retreat and the School of Languages. Leon H. Vincent, of Syracuse, N. Y., will also be present in charge of the Archæological, Educational, and Art Museums. He will also assist in the Musical Department.

20. It is too early to make definite announcements concerning the attractions of the Assembly. John B. Gough, Esq., Bishop R. S. Foster, Bishop H. W. Warren, Dr. L. T. Townsend, and many others will be present. A rich programme of lectures, concerts, etc., is guaranteed.

11. The Department of Standard Phonography will be under the direction of Prof. William D. Bridge, V. D. M., of New Haven, Conn. Prof. Bridge is the phonographic secretary of Dr. J. H. Vincent, has been an expert, practical short-hand writer for more than twenty-five years, and understands most thoroughly the science and art which he teaches. He will be able to render valuable instruction during the Chautauqua School of Languages and the Teachers' Retreat, to beginners or more advanced students; classes being formed in both grades.

12. Prof. Frank Beard, of Syracuse University, will give a course of lessons in Art, beginning the 10th or 12th of July.

13. Prof. J. W. Churchill of Andover, Mass., will again give a series of lessons and public readings in Elocution at Chautauqua during the Assembly.

14. Edward A. Spring, Sculptor, of Perth Amboy, N. J., will conduct the School of Sculpture and Modeling at Chautauqua in the summer of 1882. He will exemplify all the processes of the sculptor, by having in process clay modeling, plaster, terra cotta, and marble work, and so make his pupils "at home," as far as possible in so short a time, when they afterward hear or talk of sculpture. Mr. Spring will bring with him tools for modeling, and objects in terra cotta from the Eagleswood Art Potteries.

15. Several "Memorial Days" will be observed during the "Retreat," when the lives of illustrious educators will be brought to the attention of teachers.

16. A powerful chorus-organ, built by the well-known house of George H. Ryder & Co., Boston, Mass., will be put

The lecture hall of Mr. Spurgeon's Tabernacle was never filled with a gayer set, and never resounded with more laughter than it did on Friday, when Mr. Duncan S. Miller and the Royal Hand-bell Ringers commenced a series of entertainments in connection with Sunday-school work, which, Mr. Spurgeon very properly said, it was to be hoped would extend all over the land. It is needless to say much of Mr. Duncan Miller; by this time he is pretty well known. The Queen has sent for him twice, the Prince of Wales four times, and as to myself, I meet him at all times and places, always with that wonderful music of his, charming not only the savage breast, but even that unhappy product of our age, the man of culture, whose drawing-room is made hideous with old cracked China plates, and who is apt to faint if you go so far as to call a spade a spade. Mr. Miller, as a boy, was given to bell-ringing in the ancient city of Norwich, wher he first saw the light of day, and in 1866 he and a few young friends connected with the Poland Street Temperance Society launched forth on their public career, little anticipating the success they were to achieve and the fame they were to win, at one of the great people's gatherings originated by the Rev. G. M. Murphy. Then they had seventeen hand-bells, and now they have one hundred and thirty-one. But their success has led to many imitators, some of whom actually claim to be the originals themselves. Since 1866 Mr. Miller and his men have given three thousand four hundred entertainments in every part of England and Wales and Ireland, and even Belgium-that land whose church bells chime more exquisite harmony than those of any other nation in the world. But Mr. Miller has a knack of amusing children, and he has determined to devote his energies in that direction. The time has come, as he told us on Friday, when it is the duty of Christian men to find wholesome moral amusement, not music-hall slang, for their young people, and that he succeeded, at any rate, I may say

66

there are a thousand of the Tabernacle Sunday-school children ready to declare, to say nothing of their pastor, who never looked better than he did the other night, sitting at the far end among the boys, with a face all smiles and fun. Indeed, it would be difficult to say who did enjoy themselves most, Mr. Spurgeon or the children, or Mr. Miller and his men. The fact was, all had more or less to do with the success of the evening, for the children joined sweetly in some of the well-known melodies, such as " Hold the Fort," "There is a Happy Land,” “ Rock of Ages," and Mr. Spurgeon made everyone roar with laughter as he poked his fun at Mr. Miller, who is certainly an exception to the general rule of "laugh and grow fat;" and besides, we had a black brother, a Mr. Johnson, whom the children cheered when he made his appearance almost as heartily as they did Mr. Spurgeon himself. I must own that the sight of the children was that which pleased me most. They all looked so happy, so clean, so comfortable, so respectable, and I quite❘ envied them the enthusiasm with which they listened to the music, and the laughter with which they greeted Mr. Miller's jokes-for Mr. Miller is a great talker as well as a great musical performer, and if the children are not wiser for his talk, it is not his fault, but theirs. If I might venture to criticise, I would say he was almost too communicative. People like a little mystery, and when he explained that a companological performance was only another name for bell-ringing, all felt, as Royalty did when it was shown how the apple got into the dumpling, that the mystery was not so great after all. One of Mr. Miller's hits was very happy, and was warmly applauded. Speaking of the uses of church bells, he intimated that one use was to show the people it was time to come to church; but in the case of the Tabernacle, it was shown that the largest congregation in London could be got together without bells, and with the most wonderful punctuality. Another of Mr. Miller's hits was when, introducing the good old song,

"Jolly tinkers we are,

Free from sorrow or care,"

was

he referred to the political tinkers, of which we have too mang with us at all times. Mr. Spurgeon was, as usual, pre-eminently happy, whether grave or gay. How winningly he welcomed the children, as he told them how glad he was to see them, and hoped they would give their hearts to Jesus, and when they grew up to be men and women would become members of the Church of Christ. His personal remarks as to Mr. Miller were received with a laughter that was irresistible as it contagious, and when he called on Mr. Johnson, the black man, to tell them of a land where the people had no bells, and did not know when Sunday came, he was in his happiest vein. For instance, when Mr. Johnson described how the people went to war, each holding a dor as a shield, said Mr. Spurgeon, “a battledore, you mean," a joke which sent the children into ecstasies-ecstasies which were continued when Mr. Spurgeon intimated what a nice color black was, how handy to polish oneself up with a blacking brush, and so on; and then, when, toward the end of the meeting, be thanked Mr. Miller for the treat he had given them all that evening, how he hoped that Mr. Miller would continue his work among all the Sundayschools in England, and thus serve the cause of God, the response of the children was heartier than ever. Mr. Spurgeon, however, soon relapsed into merriment, as when stating how delighted, pleased, charmed, interested they were, and using all the adjectives of a complimentary character at his command, he con luded by saying we all felt as refreshed as if we had had-a glass of water. Finally, Mr. Spurgeon, amidst sympathetic laughter, conferred a patent on Mr. Miller for his performance, as King James had conferred one on the man who had gone up Salisbury Cathedral and had stood on his head there. "Let him have a patent," said the King, “to do it ;" and so said Mr. Spurgeon, Mr. Miller have a patent for his entertainment for the children of our Sunday-school." Only a day or two since a very wise man remarked to me that the Sunday-school had done its work. It was a pity he was not with me at the Tabernacle on Friday night.-Christopher Crayon, in the "Christian World."

"Let

EDITOR'S OUTLOOK.

THE TRUSTEES of Chautauqua held their annual meeting January 18 and 19, at the Forest City Hotel, Cleveland, Ohio. Twenty-three of the twenty-four members were present. Lewis Miller, Esq., President, was in the chair, and contributed, as usual, valuable suggestions in the transaction of the business. The inception and development of the Chautauqua enterprise were carefully reviewed. Its steady, rapid, and persistent growth is proof positive that there was a vacancy in the educational world which nothing could fill but Chautauqua. It has a hold upon every

State in the Union, and its influence is felt across the sea in distant lands.

Considering that most of the trustees are manufacturers, each one carrying on an immense business, and that they have no pecuniary interest in the success of the place, their zeal and self-sacrificing spirit in promoting its interests deserve the highest commendation. They represent not only the cottage holders, by whom they were chosen to their office, but a larger constituency of friends and patrons numbered by hundreds of thousands in different parts of the country. As they sat down for deliberation in the parlor of the hotel they seemed to grasp the situation, and boldly to prepare for coming responsibilities. The reports of the secretary and treasurer were received with much satisfaction. Between four and five thousand dollars of the floating debt had been paid. It was judged best to abolish monopolies and thus reduce the cost of living on the ground, and slightly to raise the entrance fees at the gates, that the revenues might not materially suffer. It is hoped that the Hotel Atheneum may be completed this season, and the services of General Lewis secured. In that case better hotel and boarding accommodations can not be found between Saratoga and Chicago than will be offered at Chautauqua. Dr. Vincent was present with the trustees, as full of hope and courage, and as fertile of resources as ever. Не оссиpied considerable time in developing his scheme for the Assembly of August next. The School of Languages and Teachers' Retreat will open the 8th of July, and it is expected that there will be a large attendance of students.

At the next Assembly the musical department will take an upward and forward stride. A large pipe organ of great power is to be built for and set up in the orchestra of the Amphitheater, and the people will be treated to many grand organ concerts. The accomplished Prof. Case will be associated with Prof. Sherwin in managing the College of Music. The Royal Bell Ringers of England will be present as a special attraction in this department. The inimitable Prof. Vitale will also be present with his violin.

On the platform we shall see many old and ever welcome faces associated with some who are as yet strangers to Chautauqua.. Nothing very startling in this department can be expected. Greater or better lecturers than we have heard at former assemblies, we need not expect ever to listen to anywhere. But the old standard of excellence will be fully

maintained with new attractions added.

At the next Assembly the first class in the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle will graduate and receive their diplomas. Of the 8,000 whose names were enrolled upon the secretary's books in 1878, how many will enjoy that distinguished honor? Next August will tell. It is expected that from one to two thousand of this class will be present, and that their formal graduation will form an epoch in the history of the Circle. No one knows better than Dr. Vincent how to make such an event impressive and fruitful of good results.

Again for some months to come Chautauqua is to engage the attention of the reading and thinking public. As a theater of action it invites the consideration of the scientist,

of the philosopher, the theologian, the moralist, the scholar, the teacher, the pupil, the artist, the musician, and the Christian. As a center of influence it touches all the chords which vibrate worthily in society. A college or university may do more thorough work with a few hundred young people, but instead of hundreds Chautauqua reaches its tens of thousands, and a large percentage of these are held rigidly to a course of reading and study during the entire year. It has converted thousands of idle yawning firesides into arenas for thought, reading and discussion. For the diffusion of general literature it is the first institution in the world. It has brought together in the same reading circle more intellectual labor than has ever before been rallied around a common center. It has solved the problem of leisure and recreation by making them pure, pleasant, and profitable. It has leveled the partition walls which once kept different schools of thought apart and brought their various representatives together upon a common platform. It has taught us how to be absolutely loyal to our denominational interests, and at the same time to be subject to the great law of charity toward our neighbors.

ations in that direction. Almost insuperable obstacles also stand in the way of polar discoveries in the north. The shortness of the summer season, the intense cold of the Arctic winter, the danger to navigation from ice floes and icebergs, render the undertaking perilous in the extreme. Despite these difficulties and dangers, the search for a passage to the Pole has been continued almost without intermission for more than half a century, expeditions having been sent out during that time by almost every maritime nation in the world. One of the most notable of these was the illfated expedition led by Sir John Franklin, in 1845, consisting of two vessels and one hundred and thirty-eight men, none of whom ever returned to tell the story of their wanderings. For a number of years active explorations were mainly devoted to searching after this missing expedition, till in 1859 Captain Francis McClintock, who, in 1857, had sailed to aid in the search, returned with the first authentic records of the lost expedition. The vessels had been crushed by the ice, and their crews had died of starvation on King William's land.

The voyage of Dr. Kane, who sailed from New York in 1853 in quest of the Pole, was one of the most successful on record. He advanced to latitude 82° 27′, and claimed to have discovered in that latitude an open polar sea, stretching away toward the north, and perhaps to the very Pole itself. In 1860 Dr. Hayes, who had been a member of Dr. Kane's party, attempted to reach this polar sea, but was unable to accomplish his purpose, and returned without

THE INTEREST which is everywhere felt in the survivors of the Jeannette has turned the attention of the public to the subject of polar explorations. For centuries the mystery of the still invisible Pole has baffled all efforts to penetrate the veil of secrecy which surrounds it, and the icy bulwarks which guard this ultima thule of great Nature have thus far proven an effectual barrier to the scientific conquest of the globe.

The first voyage of discovery toward the North Pole was undertaken shortly after the discovery of America, in search of a northwest passage to India, in the interests of commerce. Such explorations, continued at intervals for more than three hundred years, have demonstrated the utter impracticability of utilizing a northwest passage for commercial purposes, even if discovered. The first expedition which attempted to reach the North Pole was sent out under the auspices of the Muscovy Company, in 1607, and was commanded by Henry Hudson, who claimed to have reached latitude 81° 30′, nearly the utmost limit attained by modern explorers. In 1773 Lord Mulgrave was sent out by the English government with instructions to reach the North Pole. He did not succeed in penetrating as far north as Hudson claimed to have gone, latitude 80° 48′ being the limit of his voyage. The celebrated Captain Cook, in 1776, led a Polar expedition, but failed to get as far north as his predecessors had. Since the beginning of the present century numerous expeditions have undertaken to penetrate to the North Pole, some going by the way of Behring's Strait, others by Baffin's Bay, while still others have aimed to accomplish their purpose by overland routes, but all have alike hitherto failed of success.

The attempts to reach the polar regions have been confined almost exclusively to the north, inasmuch as the south polar region is surrounded by impenetrable mountains of ice which constitute an insurmountable barrier to explor

tween 1860 and 1873, made three voyages of discovery into the polar regions, with but meager results. He died during the last voyage, and his vessel, the Polaris, was lost in the ice; the crew, however, succeeded in making good their return. During the same period Lieutenants Payer and Weyprecht, of Austria, attempted to reach the Pole by sailing to the north of Nova Zembla, and claim to have penetrated into the open polar sea discovered by Dr. Kane. A Swedish expedition under Nordenskjöld, and the one which went out in the Jeannette, which sailed from San Francisco in 1879, are among the latest attempts to explore the polar regions, neither of which succeeded in obtaining any new results. None of these Arctic explorers have been able to penetrate much, if any, beyond the eighty-third degree of latitude. All beyond that is a terra incognita, the exploration of which, however, will doubtless continue to be attempted as long as the mysterious and unknown continue to exercise such a powerful fascination over the human mind.

IT IS not amiss, after voyaging many days, for the voyager to inquire of the out-look. It may help to determine the progress made and reveal the prospect ahead. After more than sixteen years of labor on the problem of the negro since his eman ipation and citizenship, it may prove helpful to ascertain, if we may, what ground has been gained and what promise of the future. It would require a many-paged volume to record the details of the negro's history for the last half generation—a history larger than all the previous history of his race. When this volume is written, as it yet will be, it will contain a record of devotion, of benevolence, of faith, of sacrifice, of moral and physical heroism unsurpassed in all history. It will record how benevolent men, societies and churches from the North, hastened to the assistance of the new-fledged and ignorant citizen of the South. It will tell how these toiled, never despairing. There will be some unpleasant, uncheerful things as well. To be faithful to the mission of history, there must be a chapter revealing the political trickery and chicanery, public and private, wherein not the negro but his vote was all that men saw. Its pages will be soiled with the blood-stains