first, almost like grains of shot or gravel under the mucous membrane.

Treatment. In almost every instance, the treatment should be begun by the local abstraction of blood, either by cupping, or by leeches applied to the os uteri, or as near as possible to the organ; and their application will, in most cases, require to be frequently repeated, and should be accompanied by the free use of anodyne fomentations. Venesection is not, in general, required. Except there be something specially to forbid its use, mercury should be given, in some form, so as to bring the system very gently, but decidedly, under its influence; for which purpose it may be combined with iodine in very minute proportions, with camphor, opium, hyoscyamus, or hemlock; and occasionally by friction, especially where there exists evi dence of inflammatory action in the iliac hollow, as already adverted to.

Afterwards, iodine or hydriodate of potash may be used both internally and externally; and iron will be found a most beneficial and powerful agent, especially in the form of the saccharine carbonate, or the carbonate given in the nascent state. The iodide of iron, which combines, to a certain degree, the powers of both remedies, may also be used with some advantage in most cases. Counter irritation is an agent of very great influence in this complaint, and may be established in a variety of ways, which it is unnecessary to enumerate; but a very effectual mode is by making a small blister over different parts in succession, and keeping it discharging freely for several days, by the application of the French dressing, or Albespeyer's papers.

After the removal of the congestion and organic changes from the os uteri, there remains, occasionally, a sensitiveness of the part, which causes the patient much discomfort, and which will be best relieved by the use of the bath, as above directed, conjoined with anodyne applications to the part, or the nitrate of silver in solution; the best mode of applying which, is by means of a bent glass tube of about an inch in di ameter, which the patient can introduce and manage for her self; all that is necessary is, that she would lie on her back, and introduce the tube as far as its curvature, and then pour into the upper end the medicated solution, which will imme diately pass to the os uteri, and can be retained there as long as necessary, the tube filling the vagina sufficiently to prevent its flowing away, which is a great advantage.

The patient should be strictly enjoined to avoid every thing that could stimulate the uterus-such as riding on horseback,

&c.; but, especially, she should refrain from indulgence in sexual intercourse. Wine, if used at all, should be of a very mild kind, and very sparingly taken, and the same rule should apply to malt drinks; the stronger kinds of ale and porter should be altogether prohibited.

No circumstance connected with the treatment of this af fection requires more scrupulous attention than the regulation of the patient's habits and modes of living; indeed, if this be not very carefully managed, all other measures will most probably be defeated.

In illustration of the foregoing remarks, Dr. Montgomery relates several cases which terminated successfully under the treatment laid down by him. Further researches, however, are required to establish that the nature of the disease is truly cancerous.-Prov. Med. and Surg. Jour., from Dub. Jour. Med. Sci.

Syptic Effect of Kreasote.-A robust countryman divided the ulnar artery with a sharp knife, the consequence of which was repeated bleedings, which, however, were staunched by surgical aid. Three weeks afterwards, hemorrhage returned, and Dr. BURDACH of Luckan was sent for. He found the wound, which at first was a simple puncture, livid at the edges, and expanded to the size of the palm of the hand, by a spongy growth from the bottom. This spongy mass was in a gangrenous condition, and prevented the examination of the wound, the arm was swollen from the shoulder to the finger points; it could not be moved, and was excessively painful. Dr. Burdach had only the choice between actual cautery and kreasote left, for in such a state of the arm, tying the artery was out of the question. He poured 3ss of kreasote (freed from eupion) into the wound. This gave the patient no pain; nay, after it he enjoyed refreshing sleep for the first time after the accident. There was no more hemorrhage; the pouring in of the kreasote was repeated morning and evening, and the spongy mass gradually diminished, and three days afterwards, under the cooperating influence of bandages moistened with kreasote, ol tereb., and balsam. indic., loosened itself from the bottom of the wound. The divided artery was no more visible, the swelling of the arm decreased, and the complete cure shortly followed without any relapse.-Lond. and Edin. Monthly Jour. Med. Sci., May 1842, from Medicinische Zeitung, Jahrg. 1840. No. 31.

The late Baron Larrey.-The death of Baron LARREY, which took place at Lyons on the 29th of July, has deprived French Surgery of one of its brightest ornaments. Few members of our profession have played so important and distinguished a part in the annals of both history and science, as the veteran Larrey. His career was connected with some of the most stirring events of the past half century, and his reputation belongs hardly more to his profession than to humanity.

JEAN-DOMINIQUE LARREY was born in 1766, in the village of Baudeau, in France. Left early an orphan, at the age of fifteen he was placed under the care of a paternal uncle, who practised surgery at Toulouse, with whom he spent seven years in the study of medicine. In 1787, he obtained the post of Surgeon in the Navy, and made a cruise to the colonies. Returning shortly after to France, in the midst of the excitement of the revolution, he became attached, as an Interne, to the hospital of the Invalids. After remaining some years, he obtained the rank of full-surgeon, and joined the army of the Rhine. Larrey soon signalized himself in the army by the introduction of the ambulances volantes, the improved transports for hospital stores, which have been found so useful in the French service. Larrey's services and his ambulances volantes were considered of so much importance, that, after the battle of Mayence, in 1793, they were publicly noticed in the bulletin issued by General Beauharnais.

In 1794 Larrey was appointed Surgeon-General, and repaired to Toulon, where commenced his intimacy with Napoleon, then a lieutenant of artillery. The school of military surgery at Val-de-Grâce had been previously established, and Larrey appointed a Professor; but professors and pupils were soon called to active service, and the school was suspended. In 1798, Larrey joined the army of Egypt. His account of the memorable campaign in Egypt and in Syria is familiar to every professional reader. Larrey accompanied Napoleon in nearly all his campaigns, and was honored by him with repeated marks of distinction. In 1812, he received the title of Surgeon-General of the Grande Armée. His fidelity to the emperor brought him into active service during the hundred days, and he was present at Waterloo, where he was wounded and made prisoner. During the restoration, M. Larrey's well known attachment to Napoleon, kept him under a cloud, but the revolution of 1830 restored him to the public service, to which he devoted himself to the close of his life. His death

at Lyons took place upon his journey home from the army in Algeria.

Baron Larrey's scientific was not less distinguished than his military career. His writings on military surgery have been long recognized as the highest authority on the subject, and certainly no surgeon of his day equalled him in the amount and variety of his contributions to practical surgery. In 1803 he published his "Historical and Surgical Account of the Campaign of the Army of the East, in Egypt and Syria." In 1812, he published three volumes of his admirable "Memoirs of Military Surgery and Campaigns,” adding a fourth volume in in 1817. Besides these, Larrey published numerous other works, including four volumes of "Surgical Clinique derived chiefly from Camps and Hospitals, from 1792 to 1832,"

The merit of the adaptation of the immoveable apparatus to the treatment of fractures and certain wounds of the soft parts, belongs, we believe, to M. Larrey. The advantages of this mode of treatment in the surgery of actual warfare can hardly be disputed, whatever may be our views of the practice under ordinary circumstances, In his last work, published shortly before his death, M. Larrey gives a new notice of the apparatus, and sets in a striking point of view the advantages of its adoption in military surgery.

Baron Larrey's writings possess the double attraction of historical and scientific value. An actor in scenes, the grandeur of which has never been surpassed, his narrations constitute not only invaluable records of practical surgery, but they, at the same time, form an interesting chronicle of a most eventful epoch of European history. On the great merit of Larrey's writings on military surgery, it is unnecessary to dwell. His immense clinical experience, derived from a theatre that has never been equalled in magnitude, gives them an importance and authority that it would be presumption to question. He was perhaps, in some respects, too pertinacious an adherent to the opinions of by-gone times, and did injustice to the importance of recent discoveries; but his works are all entitled to the praise of practical value, and are distinguished by a lucid detail of facts, a just discrimination of their relative importance, and the evidences of a sound judgment.

Larrey's career was as virtuous as it was memorable. He enjoyed, pre-eminently the confidence and respect of Napoleon, who spoke of him at St. Helena in the warmest terms. allusion to him in his will is well known.

His

Baron Larrey was interred at Père-la-Chaise, with great so

lemnity. A number of distinguished men followed him to the tomb, and orations were delivered by MM. Pariset, Breschet, and others. A subscription has been opened to erect a monument to his memory.-Med. Examiner.

M. Louis on Typhoid Fever.-We observe by the French journals that a new edition of M. Louis' well known work on this subject has recently been published in Paris. Its title deserves notice: 'Recherches Anatomiques, Pathologiques et Therapeutiques sur la Maladie connue sous les Noms de Fievre Tyhoide, Putride, Adynamique, Ataxique, Bilieuse, Muqueuse, Gastro-enterite, Enterite Folliculeuse, Dothinenterite, &c., comparée avec les Maladies Aigues les plus ordinaries!' Does not this alone indicate how bewildered the ideas of medical men must still be on the all important subject of fever? We had almost hoped that M. Louis would by this time have found reason to modify his opinion as to the seat or proximate cause of typhoid fever being in the intestinal canal; but we find that we are mistaken. He still maintains, and even in more decided terms than ever, that 'the anatomical character of the typhoid affection (a very stupid phrase) consists in a morbid alteration of the intestinal, chiefly the Peye rian glands; and, also, that any secondary lesions are very usually of an inflammatory nature.'

This doctrine is a most fallacious, and unfortunately at the same time a most hurtful, one. While we admit that the intestinal lesions seem, from all accounts, to be of much more frequent occurrence in fever as it occurs in France, than as it is seen in this country, we most confidently deny that they are uniform or constant even in the former case-at least if we can trust the testimony of such men as Chomel and Andral. But even admitting the frequency of intestinal lesions in fever, does it necessarily follow that they are the consequences of simple inflammatory action, as asserted by Broussais, Louis, Bouillaud, and others of this school? Do we observe the same phenomena on dissection in typhus as are found in fatal cases of genuine enteritis? Assuredly not. The patchy redness in different parts of the canal, the tumefied and softened condition of the mucous and submucous tissues, the enlargement, ulceration, and even sphacelation of the follicular glands, &c., cannot surely be admitted as the legitimate evidences of a pure phlegmasia. They might rather be regarded as the results of the irritation of unhealthy acrid secretion on the mucous