milia clavorum. quis tam procul absit ab urbe 'da testem' iudex cum dixerit, audeat ille maiorum. contra paganum possis quam vera loquentem contra fortunam armati contraque pudorem. 25 30 Praemia nunc alia atque alia emolumenta notemus 35 convallem ruris aviti sacramentorum. improbus aut campum mihi si vicinus ademit et sacrum effodit medio de limite saxum, 25. clavorum: cf. 3. 248 n. 26. quis tam Pylades (Intr. 65): if any one will go to camp to give evidence against a soldier, his friendship must be equal to that of Pylades for Orestes. molem aggeris ultra (Intr. 48 b): i.e. to the praetorian camp, which was beyond the agger (cf. 5. 153 n; 8.43) though close to the city. 28. excusaturos: who will be ready to offer some excuse, and not come; Intr. 41 c. non sollicitemus: Intr. 38. 29. da testem, produce your witness; cf. 3. 137. 30. pugnos, blows. dicere 'vidi': cf. 7. 13 si dicas sub iudice 'vidi' quod non vidisti. 31. credam dignum barba: i.e. I will believe that he has the courage of the early Romans, who wore their hair and beards uncut; cf. 4. 103 barbato regi, and 5. 30 capillato consule. 33. paganum : a countryman (from pagus) is here contrasted with armati, and means a civilian. It is often used in this sense after the time of Augustus; cf. Plin. Ep. ad Tr. 86. 2 et milites et pagani; Tac. Hist. I. 53 inter paganos corruptior miles. 34. pudorem, honor. 35-50. Another advantage of the soldier: he is free from the vexatious delay of the civil courts. 36. sacramentorum: the soldier's oath, taken on entering the service, stands here for military service; Tac. Hist. I. 5 miles urbanus longo Caesarum sacramento inbutus. 38. sacrum saxum: the bound quod mea cum patulo coluit puls annua libo, nam quae sunt parta labore ary stone or terminus (Hor. C. II. 18. 23-26) under the protection of the god Terminus, to whom, at the Terminalia (February 23), sacrifices were offered; Hor. Epod. 2. 59. Whoever removed such boundary stone was accursed. Cf. Deuteronomy xxvii. 17 'Cursed be he that removeth his neighbor's landmark.' 39. mea puls annua, my annual offering of pulse. —libo, sacrificial cake; cf. 3. 187. Only bloodless sacrifices were offered on the Terminalia. 40. pergit non reddere, persists in refusing to pay back. 41. vana chirographa: having had the money, and signed the obligation for its payment (chirographa), he tries to prove that this obligation was not legally made, and so invalid (vana). This verse is repeated from 13. 137. 42. qui lites incohet annus : according to Servius on Aen. II. 102, this is equivalent to annus 40 45 50 litium, i.e. the part of the year during which courts are held. When this season is reached, the lawsuits of a whole nation are begun, and he must take his turn. 45. sternuntur: i.e. with cushions by the apparitores.. - lacernas: 1. 27 n. He would appear in the toga in court. 46. Caedicio (13. 197)et Fusco: advocates of the opposite parties. Both are ready for the trial, but it is again postponed. 48. balteus: a sword belt passing over one shoulder and under the opposite arm; cf. Verg. Aen. XII. 941 umero cum adparuit alto balteus. 50. sufflamine, drag, delay; in 8. 148 it is a drag chain, or brake. 51-60. The soldier can make a will during the lifetime of his father. 52. parta labore militiae: the property of the son acquired through military service was called peculium castrense, and this he might dispose of by will. militiae, placuit non esse in corpore census omne tenet cuius regimen pater. ergo Coranum signorum comitem castrorumque aera merentem quamvis iam tremulus captat pater; hunc favor aequus provehit et pulchro reddit sua dona labori. ipsius certe ducis hoc referre videtur ut qui fortis erit, sit felicissimus idem, ut laeti phaleris omnes et torquibus, omnes 55 60 53. census, property. 54. omne... pater, over which the father holds complete control. Coranum: the name may have been suggested by Hor.S. II. 5. 57. 56. tremulus: on account of age; 10. 267.- captat, pays court to, that he may get something in his will; cf. 5. 98; 10. 202; 12. II4. hunc favor aequus provehit, deserved favor brings him promotion. The MSS. all have labor, which makes no sense; favor is a conjecture of Ruperti. 57. pulchro, meritorious.. - sua dona, suitable rewards. 58. ducis: probably the emperor; cf. 4. 145; 7. 21. 60. phaleris: bosses of bronze or silver, attached to a strap and worn across the breast as an ornament. torquibus, chains; cf. Aen. V. 558-559 it pectore summo flexilis obtorti per collum circulus auri. Such decorations were bestowed by the general upon soldiers who had distinguished themselves in battle. In II. 103 phalerae are trappings of horses. omnes: sense and syntax are defective, and it is idle to conjecture what Juvenal intended to add, or perhaps did add. 68 fecerit PSBm signator, fecerat p 114 habitat PB habitas pw 145 et PB 67 signator falsi P signator falso pw signator. falso В falso Munro signato falso Madvig 106 purpura maior p purpuraemator P 126 quiescet P quiescit pw 143 crudum pw crudus P 155 lucebis pw lucededucis p deducit Pm 3 aegrae S aegra P viduae p 9 vittata Pw 33 fracta Sp facta P 25 pretio P pretium pw 67 sagina 148 tamquam ex vitiata S Bücheler saginam P saginis Spw saginae Jahn |