left an illustrious testimony. He appears by some of his verses to have been a zealous royalist; and, as was in those times the common reward of loyalty, he lived and died neglected.' -His dramatic writings are nine in number; the most admired are, The Orphan, and Venice Preserved. He also made some translations, and wrote several miscellaneous poems. His whole works are printed in two pocket volumes. He wrote four acts of a play, which are lost. OUACHITTA, or WACHITA, or WASHITA, a river of North America, which rises in the Missouri Territory, enters Louisiana, and, pursuing a S.S. E. course, joins Red River, about twentythree miles from its mouth. About thirty miles by the course of the river above its junction with Red River, it is joined by the Tensaw and Ocatahoola, and after its junction it usually takes the name of Black River.

QUACHITTA (False), is a branch of Red River, which it joins between long. 98° and 99° west. O'VAL, adj. & n. s. Fr. oval; of Lat. ovum, an egg. Of an egg shape.

The mouth is low and narrow, but, after having entered pretty far in the grotto, opens itself on both sides in an oval figure of an hundred yards.

OVAL is an oblong curvilinear figure, otherwise called ellipsis. See ELLIPSIS. However, the proper oval, or egg shape, differs consider ably from that of the ellipsis, being an irregular figure, narrower at one end than at another: whereas the ellipsis, or mathematical oval, is equally broad at each end; though, it must be owned, these two are commonly confounded together; even geometricians calling the oval a false ellipsis.

QUAQUAPHENOGAW, or ОKEFONOCO, or EKAMFANOKA, or ОKERFONOKE, a marshy lake in the state of Georgia, between the Oakmulgee and Flint Rivers. It is about 280 miles in circumference. In wet seasons it appears like an inland sea with several fertile islands.

OVAR, a brisk trading town of the central part of Portugal, near the coast, stands on a small river which flows through an inland lake, and afterwards into the Vouga. Inhabitants 5000. Twenty-two miles S. S. W. of Oporto.

OVARIUM, in botany, the germen or seedbud, containing the rudiments of the future seed. See BOTANY.

OVA'RIOUS, adj. ? Latin ovum, ovarium. O'VARY, n. s. Consisting of eggs: a part of the human matrix.

The OVATION generally began at the Albanian mountain, whence the general with his retinue made his entry into the city on foot, with many flutes or pipes sounding in concert as he passed along, and wearing a garland of myrtle as a token of peace. The term ovation, according to Servius, is derived from ovis, a sheep; because on this occasion the conqueror sacrificed a sheep, as in triumph he sacrificed a bull. The senate,

OUDE, a fertile province of Hindostan, situated between 26° and 28° of N. lat., is bounded on the north by Nepaul, on the east by Bahar, on the south by Allahabad, and on the west by Delhy and Agra. It is 250 miles in length, by 100 in breadth. The whole surface is flat, and well watered by large rivers, or their copious tributary streams. The land yields fine crops of wheat, barley, rice, and other grains, cotton, sugar-cane, indigo, and poppies. It is celebrated for its grapes, mangoes, and other fruits. In some of the districts saltpetre and lapis lazuli are found; and a variety of cotton cloths and a coarse kind of flannel, is made here; also bows, arrows, shields, matchlocks, and swords. The rains are not so violent, nor of so long a duration here as in Bengal, and the four cold months of the year are delightful.

The Gogra and Goompty rivers are here both navigable by boats at all seasons of the year; and the Ganges runs along the western boundary of this province. To the north-east are extensive woods and plains covered with grass, which abound in game. The principal towns are Lucknow, Fyzabad, Oude, Khyrabad, Goorackpore, and Bahreich. The inhabitants are about onethird Mahometans, the remainder are Hindoos of a fine handsome race. Great numbers of them enlist in the British service.

Oude, or Ayodhya, was the kingdom of the famous demigod Rama, said to have extended his empire through the whole south of India, and to have conquered the island of Ceylon. It was conquered by the Mahometan kings of Delhy in the thirteenth century, with little opposition, and was long held as a dependent province by one of the chiefs of that court. It was not till the ancestor of the present nabob's family obtained the government, and the invasion of Nadir Shah in 1739, that it became hereditary. Saadit Khan died at this time by poison, taken in consequence of the humiliating treatment he experienced from Nadir Shah; and his son-in-law, having possession of all his treasure, was confirmed in the government of Oude. Suffder Jung proved an excellent and brave officer, and in 1747 repulsed the Afghauns; in recompense for which service he was honored with the title of Abul Munsur (the victorious), and appointed prime minister. From this period, Abul Munsur Suffder Jung took a leading part in all the measures of the court; and, in addition to the government of Oude, he obtained that of the province of Allahabad. At length, finding his influence begin to decline, he retired to Oude, where he died in the year 1753. Shujaa ad Dowleh succeeded to his father without opposition, till the year 1764, when he took part with Cossim Aly Khan against the British, and was defeated at the battle of Buxar; in consequence of which he was compelled to throw

himself on their clemency. He died in 1775, and was tranquilly succeeded by his eldest son, a weak prince, who died in the year 1797. Durng his government the seat of authority was transferred from Fyzabad to Lucknow, and Benares ceded to the British. He nominated vizier Aly his successor, but, the illegitimacy of this youth having been proved, he was dethroned by the British, and the eldest brother of the deceased nabob, named Saadet Aly, called to the musnud. This was a shrewd prince; but the government of Oude had now been so mismanaged that the British found it requisite to dismember his territory, and, in lieu of a subsidy for the payment of the army, to take from him a number of districts. Saadut Aly died in the year 1814, and left a treasure of several millions, nominating his second son, Mirza Ahmed, his successor; but the British elevated the eldest son Ghazee addeen Hyder to that honor. This prince, in gratitude to the British, immediately offered a present of £1,000,000 sterling in specie to the governor-general. The donation was refused; but, during the Nepaul war, the sum of £2,000,000 was accepted as a loan; and, on the conclusion of the war, a portion of the conquered territories which adjoined Oude were made over to him in discharge of the loan. A battalion of British infantry is also always stationed at Lucknow.

OUDE, or AYODHYA, the capital of the abovementioned province, long the residence of a Hindoo dynasty, is situated on the south bank of the Dewah or Grogra River, and said once to have been of an incredible extent. In the Ayeen Akberry, which was compiled in the end of the sixteenth century, we are told that it was situated only two miles below the confluence of the rivers Soorjew and Gogra, whereas the present town is at the distance of nearly forty miles. In the vicinity are two remarkably large tombs of great antiquity, which the Mahometans believe are the tombs of Seth and Job. It is related in the history of this place, that the Afghaun emperor Balin, about the year 1280, ordered the governor to be hanged at the city gate for having been defeated by the rebel governor of Bengal. After the battle of Buxar, in 1764, Shugaa ad Dowleh founded the city of Fyzabad, on the ruins of the ancient capital, at the distance of two miles from the modern town, which is now in a ruinous state. Long. 82° 10′ E., lat. 26° 45′ N.

OUDE, a small river of Scotland, in Argyle shire, which falls into the head of Loch Melfort. OUDE HASLE, a village in the north-east of the Netherlands, province of Friesland, with 900 inhabitants. Eighteen miles south by east of Leeuwarden.

OUDENARDE, or AUDENARDE, a manufacturing town of the Netherlands on the Scheldt, by which it is divided into two parts. It has sustained several well known sieges, but is best known in history from the victory gained over the French here, in 1708, by prince Eugene and the duke of Marlborough. The battle took place on 11th of July, in the afternoon, the allies having to make a very long previous march, and the position of the French was so favorable, that the duke of Marlborough would have declined it

had not some successes of the enemy made it imperative on him to come to close action. The result, after several fluctuations, was, that at night fall the allies had driven in and surrounded all the posts of the French army. The total loss of the latter was 15,000 men, of whom nearly half were prisoners; that of the allies 5000. The town is unfortified, but well built, and contains 5100 inhabitants, who carry on manufactures of woollen and linen. Fifteen miles south by west of Ghent, and thirty-two west of Brussels. OUDIN (Casimir), a French monk, born at Mezieres in 1638. He published a Supplement to Bellarmine, containing an account of the ecclesiastical writers omitted by him. He went to Leyden in 1693, became a protestant, was made librarian to the university, and died there in 1717.

OUDRI (John Baptist), a painter, born in Paris. He acquired the principles of his art under the celebrated Largilieres, and evinced superior talent for painting animals. He painted several hunting-pieces for the king of France, which adorn some of the royal castles. Oudri was so well acquainted with the magic of his art, that he frequently pleased himself with painting white objects on white grounds, which have a fine effect. He superintended the manufactory of Beauvais, where pieces of tapestry were produced equally brilliant with the pictures which had served for their model. The king gave him a pension and apartments in the Louvre. He died at Paris, May 1st, 1755, aged seventy-four.

OVEN, n. s. Sax. open; Goth. ofon; Teut. ofen; Isl. and Swed. ofn (Goth fon, is fire, Mr. Thomson observes: but the Sax. oppe, a bank or mount, is not an improbable etymology of this word). An enclosed cavity or utensil heated by fire, for baking, &c.

He loudly brayed that like was never heard, And from his wide devouring even sent A flake of fire, that, flashing in his beard, Him all amazed. Spenser. Here's yet in the world hereafter, the kneading, the making of the cake, the heat of the oven, and the baking. Shakspeare.

Bats have been found in ovens and other hollow close places, matted one upon another; and therefore it is likely that they sleep in the winter and eat Bacon. nothing.

An OVEN is a kind of domestic furnace, used for baking, of a circular structure, with a very low roof, well lined, on the top, bottom, and sides, with stone; it has a small entrance in the front, which is exactly fitted by a kind of door. It appears from the kiln-burnt pottery which has been discovered in the British sepulchres, and from the British appellation of an odyn or oven, that furnaces for baking were generally known among the original Britons. An odyn was generally erected at the mansion of each British baron, for the use of himself and his retainers. O'VER, prep. & adv. Saxon opɲe; Gothic

ufar, ofar; Swed. ofwer; Teut. obvre, Above; across, as applied to a stream; upon; diffused; opposed both to below and under; and applied to place, time (when it sometimes signifies before as in over night'). Station in life; rule, or au

thority; &c. As an adverb, beyond measure, or an assigned quantity; above the top; (hence, extraordinary); from side to side; throughout; completely on the whole surface; from beyond sea; past in point of time; and, repeated, another time; as in over and over.' Over and above,' means besides; beyond a first supposition or intention: over against,' opposite: to give over,' to cease from; also to help or attempt to benefit no longer. Over is used so variously and extensively in composition that we can only refer to the extracts as generally expressive of more than enough, too much, and to the more regular and established compounds that follow. The first came out red all over, like an hairy garGenesis.

ment.

Bacon.

Certain lakes and pits, such as that of Avennes, poison birds which fly over them. It hath a white berry, but is not brought over with the coral. Bacon's Natural History. Wise governors have as great a watch over fames, as they have of the actions and designs. Bacon.

This golden cluster the herald delivereth to the Tirsan, who delivereth it over to that son that he had chosen. Id.

Meditate upon the effects of anger; and the best time to do this is to look back upon anger when the fit is over. Id.

The ordinary soldiers having all their pay, and a month's pay over, were sent into their countries.

Hayward.

Let them argue over all the topics of divine goodness and human weakness, yet how trifling must be their plea! South's Sermons.

The church has over her bishops, able to silence the factious, no less by their preaching than by their authority. South.

Over against this church stands a large hospital, erected by a shoemaker. Addison on Italy.

If this miracle, of Christ's rising from the dead, be not sufficient to convince a resolved libertine, neither would the rising of one now from the dead be sufficient for that purpose; since it would only be the doing that over again which hath been done already. Atterbury.

He will, as soon as his first surprise is over, begin to wonder how such a favour came to be bestowed on him. Id.

The eastern people determined their digit by the breadth of barley corns, six making a digit, and twenty-four a hand's breadth: a small matter over or

The commentary which attends this poem will have one advantage over most commentaries, that it is not made upon conjectures. Id.

It will afford field enough for a divine to enlarge on, by showing the advantages which the Christian world has over the heathen. Swift.

The most learned will never find occasion to act over again what is fabled of Alexander the Great, that when he had conquered the eastern world, he wept for want of more worlds to conquer. Waits.

They brought new customs and new vices o'er; Taught us more arts than honest men require.

Philips.

He crammed his pockets with the precious store, And every night reviewed it o'er and o'er. Harte. Throw the broad ditch behind you; o'er the hedge, High bound, resistless; nor the deep morass Refuse, but through the shaking wilderness Pick your nice way.

Thomson.

Forced from home and all its pleasures, Afric's coast I left forlorn;

Id.

To increase a stranger's treasures,

Thrice happy is that humble pair, Beneath the level of all care; Over whose head those arrows fly, Of sad distrust and jealousy. Young Pallas shone conspicuous o'er the rest; Gilded his arms, embroidered was his vest. Druden.

OVERALL (John), a celebrated English bishop, born in 1559, educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; but, removing to Trinity, was chosen fellow of that college. In 1596 he was made regius professor of divinity and D. D., and elected master of Catherine-hall. In 1601 he was made dean of St. Paul's, London, by the recommendation of Sir Fulk Greville and queen Elizabeth; and in king James's reign he was chosen prolocutor of the lower house of convocation. In 1612 he was appointed one of the first governors of the Charter-house hospital, and in April 1614 he was made bishop of Litchfield and Coventry; and in 1618 was translated to Norwich where he died in May 1619, aged sixty. He was buried in that cathedral, where after the restoration, Cosin, bishop of Durham, who had been his secretary, erected a monument to him, with this inscription, Vir undequaque doctissiwas the best scholastic divine in England. He mus, et omni encomio major. Wood says, he is also celebrated by Smith for his distinguished wisdom, erudition, and piety. In the controversy about predestination and grace, he held a middle opinion inclining to Arminianism. He seems indeed to have paved the way for the reception of that doctrine in England. The bishop is known in England chiefly by his Convocation Book.

OVER-ARCH', v. a. Over and arch. To cover as with an arch.

Where high Ithaca o'erlooks the floods, Brown with o'er-arching shades and pendent woods, Pope.

The mind should be kept in a perfect indifference, not inclining to either side, any further thin the overbalance of probability gives it the turn of assent and belief. Locke.

The hundred thousand pounds per annum, wherein we over-balance them in trade, must be paid us in money. Id.

When these important consideratiors are set before a rational being, acknowledging the truth of every article, should a bare single possibility be of weight enough to averbalance them? Rogers.

OVER-BATTLE, adj. From over and battle. Too fruitful; exuberant.

In the church of God sometimes i cometh to pass, as in over-battle grounds; the fertile disposition whereof is good, yet, because it exceedeth due proportion, it bringeth abundantly, through too much rankness, things less profitable, whereby that which principally it should yield, either prevented in place or defrauded of nourishment, faileth. Hooker. OVER-BEAR', v. a. Over and bear. able by fraud to over-reach, or by power to over-bear repress: to subdue; to whelm; to lear down. What more .savage than man, if he see himself the laws?

То

Hooker.

The Turkish commanders, with al their forces, assailed the city, thrusting their nen into the breaches by heaps, as if they would, wih very multitude, have discouraged or over-born the Christians.

Knolles.

The ocean, over-peering of his list, Eats not the flats with more impetuou haste, Than young Laertes, in a riotous heal, O'er-bears your officers. Shakspeare. Hamlet. The point of reputation, when nevs first came of the battle lost, did over-bear the reason of war.

Yet fortune, valour, all is over-born By numbers; as the long resisting bank By the impetuous torrent.

Bacon.

Denham.

A body may as well be over-born by the violence of a shallow rapid stream, as swalbwed up in the gulph of smooth water. L'Estrange.

The judgment, if swayed by the over-bearing of passion, and stored with lubricous opinions instead of clearly conceived truths, will be erroneous.

Glanville's Scepsis.