O tejto knihe
Moja knižnica
Knihy v službe Google Play
CONTENTS.
BOOK I.
FIRST ERA.
CHAPTER I.
Comparison of the Latin language with the Greek-Eras of Latinity—
Origin of the Romans-Elements of the Latin language—Etruscan
influence
PAGE.
33
CHAPTER II.
The Eugubine Tables-Existence of Oscan in Italy-Bantine Table—
Perugian Inscription-Etruscan Alphabet and Words-Chant of Fra-
tres Arvales-Salian Hymn-Other Monuments of Old Latin-Latin
and Greek Alphabets compared
44
CHAPTER III.
Saturnian Metre-Opinions respecting its origin—Early examples of this
Metre Saturnian Ballads in Livy-Structure of the Verse-Instances
of Rhythmical Poetry
CHAPTER IV.
Three periods of Roman Classical Literature-Its Elements rude-Ro-
man Religion-Etruscan influence-Early Historical Monuments-
Fescennine Verses-Fabulæ Atellana-Introduction of Stage-Players
-Derivation of Satire
60
67
CHAPTER V.
Emancipation of Livius Andronicus-His imitation of the Odyssey—
New kind of Scenic Exhibitions-First exhibition of his Dramas-
Nævius a Political Partisan-His bitterness-His Punic War-His
nationality-His versification
76
CHAPTER VI.
Nævius stood between two Ages-Life of Ennius-Epitaphs written by
him—His taste, learning, and character-His fitness for being a Lite-
rary Reformer-His influence on the language-His versification—
The Annals-Difficulties of the Subject-Tragedies and Comedies—
Satira-Minor Works
CHAPTER VII.
The New Comedy of the Greeks the Model of the Roman-The Morality
of Roman Comedy-Want of variety in the Plots of Roman Comedy-
Dramatis Persona-Costume-Characters-Music-Latin Pronuncia-
tion-Metrical Licenses-Criticism of Volcatius-Life of Plautus-
Character of his Comedies-Analysis of his Plots
Statius compared with Menander-Criticism of Cicero-Hypotheses re-
specting the early life of Terence-Anecdote related by Donatus-
Style and Morality of Terence—Anecdote of him related by Cornelius
Nepos-His pecuniary circumstances and death-Plots and Criticism
of his Comedies—The remaining Comic Poets .
CHAPTER VIII.
Why Tragedy did not flourish at Rome-National Legends not influen-
tial with the People-Fabulæ Prætextatæ-Roman Religion not ideal
-Roman love for Scenes of Real Action and Gorgeous Spectacle-
Tragedy not patronised by the People-Pacuvius-His Dulorestes
and Paulus
99
118
140.
CHAPTER IX.
L. Attius-His Tragedies and Fragments-Other Works-Tragedy dis-
appeared with him-Roman Theatres-Traces of the Satiric Spirit in
Greece-Roman Satire-Lucilius-Criticisms of Horace, Cicero, and
Quintilian-Passage quoted by Lactantius-Lævius a Lyric Poet
152
CHAPTER X.
Prose Literature-Prose suitable to Roman Genius-History, Jurispru-
dence, and Oratory-Prevalence of Greek-Q. Fabius Pictor-L. Cin-
cius Alimentus-C. Acilius Glabrio-Value of the Annalists-Import-
ant literary period, during which Cato Censorius flourished-Sketch
of his Life-His character, genius, and style
CHAPTER XI.
The Origines of Cato-Passage quoted by Gellius-Treatise De Re Rus-
tica-Orations-L. Cassius Hemina-Historians in the Days of the
Gracchi-Traditional Anecdote of Romulus-Autobiographers-Frag-
ment of Quadrigarius-Falsehoods of Antias-Sisenna-Tubero
xi
. 162
176
CHAPTER XII.
Early Roman Oratory-Eloquence of Appius Claudius Cæcus-Funeral
Orations-Defence of Scipio Africanus Major-Scipio Africanus Minor
Emilianus-Era of the Gracchi-Their Characters-Interval between
the Gracchi and Cicero-M. Antonius-L. Licinius Crassus-Q. Hor-
tensius-Causes of his early popularity and subsequent failure
. 187
CHAPTER XIII.
Study of Jurisprudence-Earliest Systematic Works on Roman Law—
Groundwork of the Roman Civil Law-Eminent Jurists—The Sca-
volæ Ælius Gallus-C. Aquilius Gallus, a Law Reformer-Other
Jurists-Grammarians
BOOK II. +
THE ERA OF CICERO AND AUGUSTUS.
Prose the Test of the condition of a Language-Dramatic Literature
extinct-Mimes-Difference between Roman and Greek Mimes-
Laberius-Passages from his Poetry-Matius Calvena-Mimiambi
Publius Syrus-Roman Pantomime-Its licentiousness-Principal
actors of Pantomime .
204
. 211
Lucretius a Poet rather than a Philosopher-His Life-Epic structure
of his Poem-Variety of his Poetry-Extracts from his Poem-Argu-
ment of it-The Epicurean Doctrines contained in it-Morality of
Epicurus and Lucretius—Testimonies of Virgil and Ovid—Catullus,
his Life, Character, and Poetry-Other Poets of this period
220
Age of Virgil favourable to Poetry-His birth, education, habits, illness,
and death-His popularity and character-His minor Poems, the Cu-
lex, Ciris, Moretum, Copa, and Catalecta—His Bucolics—Italian man-
ners not suited to Pastoral Poetry-Idylls of Theocritus-Classification
of the Bucolics-Subject of the Pollio-Heyne's theory respecting it 238
Beauty of Didactic Poetry-Elaborate finish of the Georgics-Roman
love of Rural Pursuits-Hesiod suitable as a Model-Condition of
Italy-Subjects treated of in the Georgics-Some striking passages
enumerated-Influence of Roman Literature on English Poetry-
Sources from which the incidents of the Eneid are derived-Cha-
racter of Æneas-Criticism of Niebuhr
The Libertini-Roman feelings as to Commerce-Birth and infancy of
Horace His early education at Rome-His Military career—He re-
turns to Rome-Is introduced to Mæcenas-Commences the Satires
-Mæcenas gives him his Sabine Farm-His country life-The
Epodes Epistles-Carmen Seculare-Illness and death .
252
€ 264
Character of Horace-Descriptions of his Villa at Tivoli, and his Sabine
Farm-Site of the Bandusian Fountain-The neighbouring Scenery
-Subjects of his Satires and Epistles-Beauty of his Odes-Imita-
tions of Greek Poets-Spurious Odes-Chronological Arrangement 278
Biography of Mæcenas-His intimacy and influence with Augustus—
His character-Valgius Rufus-Varius-Cornelius Gallus-Biography
of Tibullus-His style-Criticism of Muretus-Propertius-Imitated
the Alexandrian Poets-Æmilius Macer
€295
Birth and education of Ovid-His rhetorical powers-Anecdote related
by Seneca His poetical genius-Self-indulgent life-Popularity-
Banishment-Place of his Exile-Epistles and other Works-Gratius
Faliscus-Pedo Albinovanus-Aulus Sabinus-Marcus Manilius
xiii
. 307
Prose Writers-Influence of Cicero upon the Language-His converse
with his Friends-His early Life-Pleads his first Cause-Is Quæstor,
Ædile, Prætor, and Consul-His exile, return, and provincial Admi-
nistration-His vacillating conduct-He delivers his Philippics-Is
proscribed and assassinated-His character
Cicero no Historian-His Oratorical style defended-Its principal charm
-Observations on his forensic Orations-His Oratory essentially ju-
dicial-Political Orations-Rhetorical Treatises-The object of his
Philosophical Works-Characteristics of Roman Philosophical Litera-
ture-Philosophy of Cicero-His Political Works-Letters-His Cor-
respondents-Varro
. 320
€ 332
Roman Historical Literature-Principal Historians-Lucceius-Lucullus
-Cornelius Nepos-Opinions of the genuineness of the Works which
bear his Name-Biography of J. Cæsar-His Commentaries-Their
style and language-His modesty overrated-Other Works-Charac-
ter of Cæsar
355
Life of Sallust-His insincerity-His Historical Works-He was a bitter
opponent of the New Aristocracy-Profligacy of that Order-His style
compared with that of Thucydides-His value as an Historian-Trogus
Pompeius-His Historiæ Philippicæ .
Life of Livy-His object in writing his History-Its spirit and character
-Livy precisely suited to his Age-Not wilfully inaccurate-His po-
litical bias accounted for-Materials which he might have used-
Sources of History-His defects as an Historian-His style—Gram-
marians-Vitruvius Pollio, an Augustine Writer - Contents of his
Work
369
. 377