character, and, probably after the completion of the church, superseded erections of wood and plaster.

Those parts of the cloister court that were bounded by the south side of the nave and the west aisle of the south transept are now rased to the ground. Passing to the eastern range of buildings, we come first to the site of the vestry, abutting on the transept, the elevation of which, therefore, must have required a different treatment from that applied to such cathedral and collegiate churches as were disengaged from conventual offices. In its present state, all that can be said of it is that it has communicated with the staircase in the transept, and necessarily with the church, and that it was 33ft. long and 13ft. wide.

The Chapter-house adjoined the vestry on the south. It opened from the cloister alley by three arches, and was about 53ft. in length and 40ft. in width. It was a custom of the Cistercian monks, exemplified at Fountains, Jervaux, Tintern, Netley, Beaulieu, and Buildwas, to divide this apartment into three aisles; and here, though the mere space did not need such an arrangement, it probably was not dispensed with. The supposition, indeed, is supported by the fact that, in the chapter house of Jervaux, which is but 48ft. long and 35ft. wide, such a division is made by three pillars on each side. In consequence of its enclosed position, the light must have been admitted from the east, most likely by three windows, and by another in each of the eastern extremities of the lateral walls which projected beyond the adjacent buildings. This design may still be seen at Jervaux. In the old plan there are indications of a recess in the wall, about 6ft. long, below the presumed site of each of these side windows; suggesting the idea that they have enclosed tombs. This circumstance demands special consideration, and raises the question, was one of these the burial-place of Roger de Mowbray the founder? It is generally believed that he was buried at Byland; but, even before the dissolution of the house, the testimony of the chroniclers was not uniform on the subject. The fullest and most circumstantial account of his latter days is told in a genealogical history of his family written in the time of king Henry the Eighth, and inserted in the Register of Newbrough Priory. It is printed in the second volume of the Monasticon Anglicanum, from a copy in the Cotton MSS., Cleopatra, c. iii., folio 301. The writer says, in monkish latin, "This Roger, having been signed with the cross, went into the Holy Land, and was captured there in a great battle by the Saracens. He was redeemed by the Knights of the Temple, and, worn out with

0.-VOL. II.

military services, he returned into England. On his journey, he found a dragon fighting with a lion in a valley called Saranel, when he slew the dragon, and the lion followed him into England, and to his castle at Hood." He lived fifteen years afterward, died in a good old age, and was buried 'in Bellalanda, in quadam fornace in muro Capituli, ex parte australi, juxta matrem suam Gundredam, et supra sepulchrum ejus depictus est gladius lapide insignitus, ubi nemo positus est in presentem diem.' Another history of the Mowbrays, formerly among the monastic papers in St. Mary's tower, York, and brought thither, I fancy, from Byland, at the dissolution of the abbey, contradicts this statement about his burial-place, and says "Hie cruce signatus ivit in terram sanctam, et captus a Saracenis, redemptus est per militiam Templi, et mortuus in terrâ sanctâ, sepultus est apud Sures,” meaning thereby, I presume, in Syria. As many passages, and even whole sentences in this latter document are found in the former, this discrepancy is the more remarkable. The document that was in St. Mary's tower may also have been of higher antiquity than the other, as the narrative is continued only to the end of the thirteenth century. I have not yet exactly discovered when Roger de Mowbray died, but it is certain that he was taken prisoner at the battle of Hillin.

But let the chronicles be received as they may, it has been universally believed in Yorkshire, for the last forty-six years, that Roger de Mowbray was not only buried in Byland, but that in the year 1818 his remains were exhumed here by the late Mr. Martin Stapylton--guided to the place by "ancient MSS." -and removed to Myton, where they were re-interred in the churchyard. I do not know the value of his MS. evidences, but at all events, it is evident that the skeleton which was accidentally found by his workmen, under the floor of the north-west part of the chapter house-after several futile searches outside the walls of that apartment-could not have been that of the man who, according to the only known chronicler who gives his sepulchre at Byland, was buried within its south wall.

But time urges; and as the rest of the conventual offices are better explained in the plan that I exhibit than by any narrative I could adopt, I must forbear to trespass longer on your attention.

XI. A GENEALOGICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF THE LORDS BY JOHN RICHARD WALBRAN,

OF STUDLEY, IN YORKSHIRE.1

HONORARY MEMBER OF THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY GENEALOGICAL AND HERALDIC SOCIETY.

Harrison, 1841.

Ripon : Printed by William

Quamvis obstet mihi tarda vetustas,

Multaque me fugiant primis spectata sub annis,

Plura tamen memini.

Ovid, Metam., XII, 152.

In the year 1180, RICHARD LE ALEMAN was lord of Studley, and also of a moiety of the manor of Linton, in Craven. He was succeeded by his son,

WALTER LE ALEMAN, who gave to the Monks of Fountains, and all that belonged to them, free passage over his lands there, and also his lands in Swanley.2 William his brother, also gave them two carucates of land in Horton. He had also another brother, John. Walter was succeeded by his son,

SIR JOHN LE ALEMAN, knight, who was living in 1229, and, in that year presented Walter de Hedon to his mediety of the rectory of Linton, in Craven.3 He gave his mill at Malham to Fountains, for elemosynary purposes, and was otherwise a considerable benefactor to the monastery. In October, 1233, Archbishop Gray gave the land and heir of John le Aleman to his brother, Sir Robert Gray. (Kirkby's Inquest, ed. Surtees Soc. 422.) By his wife, Alice, who after his death married William de Hebbeden, he had issue a son, of whom nothing further is known than that his only daughter and heiress, ISABEL LE ALEMAN, married,

JOHN LE GRAS-Le Crassus, or Le Gardus, who became, in her right, lord of Studley. He was living in 1251, and in that year presented John le Gras, probably his nephew, to his moiety of Linton rectory. He had issue, by the heiress of Aleman,

SIR JOHN LE GRAS, knight, lord of Studley, &c. jure matris, who in 1310 presented Simon le Gras, then an acolyte, to his mediety before mentioned; and, in 1316, William le Gras to the same benefice.1 In the Will of Sir William Vavasour of Hazlewood, dated "die Jovis prox' post festum Sancti Gregorii

(1) The following pages are the substance of information collected by the Author from MSS., and other authentic sources, and forming part of the materials for a History of the Wapentake of Claro, and Liberty of Ripon, on which he is engaged. Some imperfect notices of the Tempests have been already published; and an outline, or abstract of the whole Genealogy was inserted in the Studley Guide, in 1837.

Twenty copies have been printed, and those only for private distribution.

(2) Burton's Mon. Ebor.

(3) Torre's Catalogue in Hist. Craven, 461.

(4) Torre, ut supra.

Papæ, 1311," is the bequest of a gold ring to his wife Paulina le Gras. He was concerned in the murder of Peter de Gaveston, and had a pardon for his share in it dated October 16th, 1313, (Rymer's Fadera). On December 18th, 1317, he did homage to the Archbishop of York for his lands at Ripon. (Kirkby's Inquest, 411.) His only daughter and heiress, Isabel le Gras, married, according to the usually received account,

SIR RICHARD TEMPEST, knight, second son of Richard Tempest, of Bracewell, in Craven, who thus became lord of Studley and other possessions, jure uxoris; but there appears some confusion, or perhaps deficiency in this statement. It has been said, though we have seen no proofs of the assertion, that this Isabel was the daughter and heiress of Sir Hugh Clitheroe, by Elizabeth his wife, daughter and heiress of Sir John le Gras. From a passage extracted by Dr. Whitaker from Dodsworth's MSS., it would not only seem that she had a sister, who, though married, died without issue; but that she herself had a former husband, who had (by her) died childless also. "Seventeenth

2

Edward III, between Sir Thomas Burn, knt., and Isabel his wife, plaintiffs; and Sir William de la Pole, knt., and Katherine his wife, defendants; of the manors of Stodelay and Linton, in Craven, &c., and the advowson of a moiety of the church of the said manor of Linton, whereby the said Sir William and Katherine remitted whatever right they had in the said manors, &c., for the lives of the said Sir William and Katherine to the said Sir Thomas and Isabel, and to the heirs of the said Isabel for ever."

Between this time and 1382 she must have been married to and become the widow of Tempest, for in that year, according to the Catalogue of Institutions to the two moieties of Linton rectory, extracted by the indefatigable and accurate Mr. Torre from the Archiepiscopal Registers at York, she presented to her mediety thereof, by the name of D'na Isabella, quondam ux' Ric'i Tempest, miľ’.

There is some discrepance in the pedigrees of Tempest, of Bracewell, touching this Isabel, which requires no explanations or comment here, for it is quite certain that the estates were inherited through her, and that is all that is necessary to be proved.3

In the year 1379 this Lady Isabel Tempest was enfeoffed of the manor of Trefford hill, in the county of Durham, of which she died seised, in 1421, when it descended to her son. Inq. p. m., 23rd Oct., 1422.

(1) Reg. Kellawe, Ep. Dunelm.-Surtees Soc. Wills. i. 16. (2) Vol. i., p. 23: Final Concords 4-51 Edward III.

(3) It must be confessed that neither the genealogy of the Tempests, nor the earlier part of that of Mallory is satisfactory,

SIR WILLIAM TEMPEST, of Studley, knight, jure matris, was upwards of thirty years of age at his mother's death. He had been knighted before the year 1409, and married Elenor, only daughter and heiress of Sir William Washington, of Washington, in the county of Durham, by Margaret, his wife, daughter and coheiress of John Morvill. They were cousins, being related to each other in the 3rd and 4th degrees, but their marriage was legalized by dispensation from the Archbishop of York, Oct. 20th, 1409, long after they had been married, and children born to them. (Test. Ebor., iii., 319). She died Jan. 2nd, 1451, and was then found seised of half of the manor of Washington. They had issue William and

2

Rowland Tempest, of Holmside, in the county of Durham. He had certain lands given to him by his brother William, 18th Henry VI., 1440; and, by Isabel his wife, daughter and coheiress of Elizabeth wife of William Elmden, had issue Robert, from whom descended the Tempests of Holmside, afterwards of Whaddon, in Cambridgeshire, and Cranbrook, in Kent, who were represented about twenty years ago by John Tempest, esq., of the latter place, and the Tempests of Stella, in the county of Durham, Baronets, now extinct in the male line.3

In 1436 Sir William held lands in Hartforth, near Richmond, of John, duke of Bedford, by the fourth part of a knight's fee.* They were probably brought into the family by the marriage of his grandfather, Richard Tempest, with Johanna, daughter and heiress of Thomas Hartforth, of Hartforth, who was owner of the Stainton property.5

WILLIAM TEMPEST, of Studley, esq., eldest son and heir, enjoyed his inheritance but a short time. He died January 4th, 1444, and the inquisition taken after his death will enable us to form some idea of the extent of the property of the family at that time. It appears he had possessions-if not the manorial rights-in Hetton, Stainton, an Appleton Parva; the manors of Studley, Hartforth, and Linton in Craven; two messuages, two tofts, and a close containing two acres, in Richmond, a messuage and twenty acres of land in Hartforth and Walkbourne, which, together with two cottages and three acres of

(1) Dodsworth's MSS., vol. lix. fol. 244, in Bibl. Bodl., Oxon.

(2) Inq. p. m., 24th January, xiv. Neville. 1451.

(3) St. George's Visitation, Co. Durham, 1615, and Surtees.

(4) Inq. p. m. Johannis Ducis Bedford, 1446. ir 36-Cal. 4. p. 169.

(5) Dodsworth's MSS., lix., fol. 244.

(6) Inq. p. m., in Co. Durham, 10 October, vii. Neville.