So dreadfully he towards him did pas,
Forelifting up aloft his speckled brest,
And often bounding on the bruzed gras,
As for great juyance of his new come guest.

Spenser. The Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 11.

Imperiously he leaps, he neighs, he bounds,
And now his woven girts he breaks asunder,
The bearing earth with his hard hoof he wounds,
Whose hollow womb resounds like Heaven's thunder.
Shakespeare. Venus & Adonis.

'Tis strange the pilot keeps his seat;
His bounding ship does so curvet,
Whilst the poor passengers are found,

In their own fears already drown'd.-Cotton. Winter.
This discourse did breath

The fiery boundings of his heart, that still

Lay in that æsture.-Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xx.
For doe but note a wilde and wanton heard
Or race of youthful and vnhandled colts,
Fetching mad bounds, bellowing and neighing loud,
Which is the hot condition of their bloud.

Shakespeare. Merchant of Venice, Act v. sc. 1.

I've seen a huntsman, active as the morn,
Salute her earliest blush with sounding horn;
Pursue the bounding stag with op'ning cries,
And slight the timid hare, his easy prize:
Then, with the setting sun, his hounds restrain;
Nor bounding stag, nor timid hare obtain.

BOUND, v. BOUND, n.

BOUNDARY.

Bo'UNDER

Blacklock. Desiderium Lutetiæ.

or

Low Lat. Bonna, borna, or bunda, bonnare; Fr. Bonne, or borne, borner. Abonner, aborner, to fix the bourn or bound; to include, or inclose within limits; to bound, or (with the mere difference of the interchangeable letters b, and p,) to pound, from the A. S. verb Pynd-an, to inclose.

BOUNDLESS.

Bo'UNDLESSNESS.

To include or inclose, within limits or confines; to limit, to confine, to restrict or restrain; to determine or terminate.

First the nemnid alle the,

That thorgh the reame suld go, the boundes forto stake.
R. Brunne, p. 309.

And every reaume went he for to see,
He was so strong that no man might him let;
At bothe worldes endes, saith Trophee,
In stede of boundes he a pillar set.

Chaucer. The Monkes Tale, v. 14,121.

Why doest thou rather put into his head howe farre he may extende the boundes of his dominions, then put him in remembraunce with howe narrowe lymites the seignorie, whiche he hath nowe at this present, was in old tyme bounded.-Udal. Mark, Pref. p. x.

While Peirce and Plowma hopes to picke a thake,
By mouing boundes, (which got skarce graze his goose.)
Gascoigne. The Fruits of Warre.

So maye the feare of infamy, dishonour and dyspraise, refraine and restrayne them fro euyl, and some tyine holesomely brydle and conteine thein within the limites & boundes of good and honorable order.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 622. For let vs first consider the breadth and bignesse of this burning zone (which as euery man man knoweth, is 47. degrees) each tropicke, which are the bounders thereof, being 23. degrees and a halfe distant from the equinoctiall.

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 48.

Which to outbarre, with paineful pyonings
From sea to sea he heapt a mighty mound,
Which from Alduid to Panwelt did that border bownd.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 10.

Whose circled waters rapt with whirling sway
Like to a restlesse wheele, still ronning round,
Did covet, as they passed by that way,
To draw their bote within the utmost bound
Of his wide Labyrinth.

Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 12.

Deep woes roll forward like a gentle flood,
Who, being stopp'd, the bounding banks o'erflows:
Grief aallied with nor law nor limit knows.

Shakespeare. Rape of Lucrece.

In his miracles, hee loves ever to meet nature in her bounds; and when shee hath done her best, to supply the rest by his overruling power.-Bp.Hall. Cont. Simon called.

And him, whom all the skill and power of armes did late attend,

Now like a man in counsell poore, that (trauelling) goes amisso

And Cauing past a boundlesse plaine) not knowing where
he,
Comes on the sudden, where he sees a riuer rough.
Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. v.

But, Sir with what possibilitie can your constitution be so boundlessly amorous as to affect all women of what degree, forme or complection soeuer?

Marston. The Fawne, D 42. (1606.) -Ye good distrest! Ye noble few! who here unbending stand Beneath life's pressure, yet bear up awhile, And what your bounded view, which only saw A little part, deemed evil, is no more.-Thomson. Winter. As in geometry, of all lines or surfaces contained within the same bounds, the streight line and the plain surface are the shortest: so it is also in morality: by the right line of Justice, upon the plain ground of Vertue, a man soonest will arrive to any well-chosen end.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 5.

Let active thought these close meanders trace,
Let human wit their dubious boundaries place,
Are all things miracle or nothing such?

Prior. Solomon, b. i.
God has given no man a body as strong as his appetites:
but has corrected the boundlessness of his voluptuous desires,
by stinting his strengths, and contracting his capacities.
South, vol. i. Ser. 1.
The world was ne'er design'd for thee:
You're like a passenger below,
That stays perhaps a night or so;
But still his native country lies
Beyond the bound'ries of the skies.

Colton. Content, Vision 4.

Is there a temple of the deity,
Except earth, sea, and air, yon azure pole;
And chief, his holiest shrine, the virtuous soul?
Where'er the eye can pierce, the feet can move,
This wide, this boundless universe is Jove.

Lyttelton. Cato's Speech to Labienus.

Fr. Bonté; It. Bontà; Sp. Bondad; Lat. Bonitas, (of unsettled etymology,)

BOUNTY.
Bo'UNTEOUS.
Bo'UNTEOUSLY.
Bo'UNTEOUSNESS. is-
BOUNTIFUL.

BOUNTIFULLY.
Bo'UNTIFULNESS.
Bo'UNTIHEAD.

Goodness, kindness, beneficence, benevolence, munificence, liberality, generosity.

For God it wot, that children often been
Unlike hir worthy elders hem before,
Bountee cometh al of God, not of the stren,
Of which they ben ygendred and ybore:
I trust in Goddes bountee, and therefore
My marriage, and min estat, and rest
I him betake, he may don as him lest.

Chaucer. The Clerkes Tale, v. 8032.

This maid, of which I tell my tale expresse,
She kept hireself, hire needed no maistresse;
For in hire living maidens mighten rede,
As in a book, every good word and deede,
That longeth to a maiden vertuous:
She was so prudent and so bounteous.
For which the fame outsprong on every side
Both of hire beautee and hire bountee wide.
Id. The Doctoures Tale, v. 12,039.

Nature set in hir at ones
Beautee with bountee so beseyn,
That I maie well afferme and seyn,

I sawe yet neuer creature,

Of comly hede, and of feture,

In any kynges region,

Be liche hir in comparison.-Gower. Con. A. b. v. Hereby see we that dedes and works are but outward signes of the inward grace of the bounteous and plenteous mercy of God, frely receyued without all merites of deedes, ye and before all dedes.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 66.

Wherfore he thancked the king with all his harte for his honorable present, promising to requite his bounteous liberalitye, by some good tourne that lay in his owne pryuate power to doo.-Goldyng. Justine, fol. 128.

Ye maye (sayde the kynge) bounteouselye rewarde me, if ye lende me the yonge man that daunsed before your maiestie. Sir T. Elyot. The Governor, b. i. c. 20.

A parte of y cause was, yt the sayd Charlys after theyr thynkyng, had not so bounteously rewarded them as they had deseruyd.-Fabyan. Ludovici XI. an. 1465.

But this sudden pang, hauing first commended the bounteousness of his minde,-the LL. of the senate staied;affirming it to be the dissolution of the empire, if the reuenewes by which it was sustained should be diminished. Grenewey. Tacitus. Annales, p. 196.

Wherefore, he vsyng all lenitie, mercie, and bounteousnesse would not once touche or apprehende the body of King Henry, whome he might both haue slaine, and vtterly destroyed, considering that he had him in his warde and gouernance.-Grafton. Hen. VI. an. 33.

Rue on me, Lord, for thy goodnes and grace,
That of thy nature arte so bountifull;

For that goodness, that in the worlde dothe brace
Repugnant natures in quiet wonderfull.

Wyatt. Psalme 51.

Then the commons louyngly thāked the kyng and inucha praised his witte that he had denyed it to them when they unworthely demaunded it, and had bountifully graunted it when he perceiued that they sorowed and lamented. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 22.

And in affliccions thorowe the help of God they be inuincible and if any prosperitie come vnto them, thei ascribe it wholly to the goodnes and bountifulnes of God. Udal. Matthew, c. 4.

For that I may not remark the bounties of God running over the tables of the rich, God hath also made provisions for the poorest persons; so that if they can but rule their desires, they shall have their tables furnished.

Taylor, vol. ii. Ser. 26.

Now gins this goodly frame of temperance
Fairely to rise, and her adorned hed

To prick of highest praise forth to aduance,
Formerly grounded, and fast setteled
On firme foundation of true bounliked.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 12. If then he be as deceived and as absurd, who thinketh that the gods be mortal and corruptible, as he who is of opinion, that they bear no bountiful and loving_affection toward men, Chrysippus is as far from the truth as Epicurus. Holland. Plutarch, p. 881.

Hath the kings bountifulnesse giuen lands and possessions to Christian churches for this end? that Clearkes harlots should bee pampered with delicious dainties. Stowe. The West Saxons, an. 974.

His honest friends, at thirsty hour of dusk,
Come uninvited; he with bounteous hand
Imparts his smoking vintage, sweet reward
Of his own industry.

Philips. Cyder, b. ii.

The duke turned to the lady, and told her, it now remains for me to put you in quiet possession of what your husband has so bountifully bestowed on you; and ordered the imme diate execution of Rhynsault.-Spectator, No. 491.

For Providence decrees, that we obtain

With toil each blessing destin'd to our use; But means to teach us, that our toil is vain,

If he the bounty of his hand refuse.-Scott, Eleg. 3. But oh thou bounteous giver of all good, Thou art of all thy gifts thyself the crown! Give what thou canst, without thee we are poor; And with thee rich, take what thou wilt away.

Cowper. Task, b. v.

To thy blest hand, and bounteousness of mind,
Has giv'n extensive powers unslacken'd rein;
To me a barrenness of wish assign'd,

That grieves itself to see another's pain.-Boyse. Ode. It is true, indeed, the direction of the public weal is in the hands of a single person, who, for the general good, takes upon himself to ease us of the whole care and weight of government; but still that bountiful source of power permits, by a very generous dispensation, some streams to flow down to us. Melmoth. Pliny, b. iii. Let. 20.

If they are less bountifully provided than the rich, with the materials of happiness for the present life, let them how ever be thankful to Providence that they have fewer difficulties to contend with, fewer temptations to combat, and fewer obstacles to surmount, in their way to the life which is to come.-Porteus, vol. ii. Lect. 17. BOURD, v. BOURD, n. BOURDING.

Fr. Bourde, scoffs, jeasts, gibes, cuts, quips, (Cotgrave.) Dut. Boerde; Mid. Lat. Burda. Dr. Jamieson thinks that the Fr. Bourd-er is merely an abbreviation of Be-houdir, behorder, to Joust together with lances,—and that this being a species of mock fighting very common in former times, the idea has been transferred to talking in jest or mockery.

To Bourd, bord or board, seems merely to beTo abord or aboard, to accost, to approach; to accost in speech, to address; or direct the speech or discourse to: to attack in speech, sportively, jestingly; to jeer or jest, to banter.

Bretheren, quad he, take kepe what I shal say;
My wit is gret, though that I bourde and play.

Chaucer. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12,710.

Yet had I lever payen for the mare,
Which he rit on then he should with me strive.
I wool not wrathen him so mote I thrive;
That that I spake, I sayd it in my bourd.

Id. The Manciples Prol. v. 17,026.

Gamelyn satte him adoun
In the justic'is stede,
Herkenith now of the bourde
That Gamelyn tho dede. Id. The Plowmans Tale.
With sugred words she wood and sparde no speach,
But bourded him with many a pleasant tale.

Turberville. The Louer wisheth, &c.
At length her self bordeth Eneas thus,
Unfaithful wight, to cover such a fault,
Coldest thou hope!

Surrey. Virgile. Enets, b. iv

They vee little drummes at their sadle boues, by the sound whereof their horses vse to runne more swiftly.

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 314.

Wyllyam shot so wonderous well,
Till hys arrowes were all agoe,
And the fyre so fast upon hymn fell,

That hys bowstryng brent in two.-Adam Bell. Percy.

She sees her son, her God,

Bow with a load

Of borrow'd sins; and swim

In woes that were not made for him.

Crashaw. Sancta Maria Dolorum.

So fairely dight, when she in presence came,
She to her sire made humble reuerence,
And bowed lowe, that her right well became,
And added grace vnto her excellence.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 12.
-When he came, he saw

Vlysses viewing, ere he tried to draw
The famous bow; which euery way he mou'd;
Vp, and downe turning it: in which he prou'd
The plight it was in: fearing chiefly, lest

The hornes were eate with wormes, in so long rest:

But what his thoughts intended, turning so;
And keeping such a search about the bow;
The wooers little knowing, fell to iest,
And said; past doubt, he is a man profest
In bowyers craft, and sees quite through the wood.

BO'WEL, v. Bo'WEL, n. Bo'WELS. Bo'WELLESS.

Fr. Boyau, boyaux; It. Budello, which Menage derives from the Lat. Botellus. Junius word

seems to be taken from bow, to bend, to wind, to twist: as the Gr. ενδινα, παρα το εντος δινεισθαι, on account of their folds or convolutions within us-quod intus convolvantur in gyrum. (Flexuosissimis orbibus, Plin. xi. 37.)

Bowels is used generally for the innermost, the vital parts, the seat of feeling, compassion, or sympathy.

To bowel, to take out the bowels, to eviscerate, to excavate. See DISBOWEL.

But the auctor of Polycronycon sayth, he was bowellyd at Crongthon Abbey and buryed at Worcetyr, in the myddle of the quier of mukis, when he had reygned xvi. yeres. vi. monethes. and iiii. dayes.-Fabyan. K. John, an. 1217. Then was the bodye bowelled, embawmed, and cered, and Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xxi. secretly amongest other stuffe conueyed to Newcastle. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 5 I therefore exhorte your excellent majestie in the bowels of Jesus Christ.-Bale. Apology, p. 61.

And now his well-known bow the master bore,
Turn'd on all sides, and view'd it o'er and o'er:
Lest time or worms had done the weapon wrong,
Its owner absent and untry'd so long.
While some deriding-"How he turns the bow!
Some other like it sure the man must know,
Or else would copy; or in bows he deals;
Perhaps he makes them, or perhaps he steals."

Pope. Homer. Ib.
Atrides dart, of Helenus, the thrust out bow-hand strooke,
And through the hand, stucke in the bow.
Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. xiii.

On his bow-back he hath a battle set
Of bristly pikes, that ever threat his foes.

Shakespeare. Venus & Adonis.

The Low-man (which no country hath the like)
With his sheaf-arrow proveth by his might,
How many score off he his foe can strike,
Yet not to draw above his bosom's height.

The angrie and outragious woman, [Q. Isabell] who commaunded the erle [Hugh Spenser] to be bound, and without question or answere to bee drawen & hanged in his armour, taken downe aliue and bowelled, his bowelles burned, then his head smitten off, and his bodie hanged up againe, and after foure dayes to be cut all to peeces and cast to dogges to be eaten.-Slow. Edw. II. an. 1326.

And verily, Homer seemeth not to be ignorant of this difference whereof we speak; for of diviners and soothsayers,

some he calleth ovonohous, i. e. augurs, that is to say authours or observers of birds; others iepes, that is to say,

bowel-priers, that spie into the inwards of sacrifices. Holland. Pluturch, p. 995.

And the bowell-prying soothsaier, (as it is reported) shewed to Decius the head of the liver on the inner side wounded Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt. (as it were) and cut off.-Holland. Livivs, p. 287.

For ence it was my dismal hap to hear
A Sibylold, bow-bent with crooked age
That far events full wisely could presage,
And in time's long and dark prospective glass
Foresaw what future days should bring to pass.
Milton. Vacation Exercise.

See, though from far,
His thousands, in what martial equipage
They issue forth, steel bows, and shafts their arms
Of equal dread in flight, or in pursuit.

Id. Paradise Regained, b. iii. 1. 305.

But I shall instance only in the Greek and Syriack churches in the Greek they have their ordinary bowings, which they properly call pouкuvnuaтa, worshippings; and their extraordinary which they call μeravotas; which are of two sorts, the lesser and the greater; the lesser are, when they bow their heads only to the ground; the greater, when they lie prostrate upon it.-Beveridge, vol. i. Ser. 5.

For the string is always ready upon their bow to let fly this arrow [ill report] with an incredible swiftness, through city and country, for fear the innocent man's justification should overtake it.-Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 42.

Their instruments were various in their kind,
Some for the bow, and some for breathing wind.

Nor to the surface of enliven'd earth,
Graceful with hills and dales, and leafy woods,
Her liberal tresses, is thy force confin'd;
But to the bowel'd cavern darting deep,
The mineral kinds confess thy mighty power.

Thomson. Summer.
Miserable men commiserate not themselves; bowel-less
unto others, and merciless unto their own bowels.
Browne. Christian Morals, i. 7.

She-wolf of France, with unrelenting fangs, That tears the bowels of thy mangled mate, From thee be born, who o'er thy country hangs The scourge of heav'n. Gray. The Bard. BO WER, v. "A. S. Bur, bure, conclave, Bo'WER, n. an inner chamber, a parlour, a Bo'WERY. bower," (Somner.) Dut. Bure, tugurium; Ger. Bauer, from Ger. Bauen; A. S. Byan; to inhabit, to indwell. Applied to

A habitation, a dwelling, an apartment in a dwelling; now usually applied-to some shaded place of retirement formed of trees or the bows or

Dryden. The Flower & the Leaf. branches of trees.

At this, resuming heart, the prophet said:
Nor hecatomb unslain, nor vows unpaid,
On Greeks, accurs'd, this dire contagion bring,
Or call for vengeance from the bouger king.
Id. Homer. Iliad, b. i.

Doth not the ox obedient bow
His patient neck, and draw the plough.-Cotton, Fab. 1.
But pays his debts, and visit, when 't is due;
His character and gloves are ever clean,
And then he can out-bow the bowing dean.
Young. Love of Fame, Sat. 4.

There the sycophant and he
Who with bare-headed and obsequious bows,
Begs warm office, doom'd to a cold jail
And groat per diem, if his patron frown.

Cowper. Task, b. iii.

In Turkey, where the place, where the fortune, where the head itself, are so insecure, that scarcely any have died in their beds for ages; so that the bow-string is the natural death of Bashaws, yet in no country is power and distinction (precarious enough, God knows, in all) sought for with such boundless avidity, as if the value of place was enhanced by the danger and insecurity of its tenure.

Burke. Speech on the Duration of Parliaments.

And Junius thinks bower is so called because formed of the bows or boughs of trees.

Justices some Buskede hem to the boure. ther this berde dwellyd Confortynge hure as thei couthe.-Piers Ploukman, p. 38. So mote I thrive, I shal at cockes crow Ful prively go knocke at his window, That stant ful low upon his boures wall.

Chaucer. The Miller's Tale, v. 3674. And in a launde, vpon an hill of floures Was set this noble goddesse Nature, Of branches were her halles and boures Ywrought, after her craft and her measure. Id. The Assemblie of Foules.

Giue me my lute in bed now as I lie And lock the doores of mine vnluckie bower: So shall my voyce in mournfull verse discrie The secrete smart which causeth me to lower. Gascoigne. A Lady, &c. doth thus bewray her Grief. The next day the lordes of Fraunce, who hadde lost their tentes and their prouisyons, thanne took counsayle to lodge in bowers of trees, more nerer to the towne.

Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 80

Thee lastly nuptial bowre, by me adornd
With what to sight or smell was sweet: from thee
How shall I part.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xi.
"Come, kinsman," said the little god,
"Put off your wings, lay by your rod;
Retire with me to yonder bower,
And rest yourself for half an hour."

Prior. Mercury & Cupid.

More happy! laid where trees with trees entwin'd
In bowery arches tremble to the wind,
With innocence and shade like Adam blest,
While a new Eden opens in the breast.

Broome. Epist. to Mr. E. Fenton.
He keeps a garden where the spices breathe,
Its bowering borders kiss the vale beneath;
'Tis there he gathers lilies, there he dwells,
And binds his flowerets to unite their smells.

Parnell. The Gift of Poelry

[He] plac'd thy green and grassy shrine, With myrtle bower'd and jessamine.

Warton. Ode on the Approach of Summer, Far happier thou, in this sequester'd bower, To shroud thy poet, who, with fost'ring hand, Here bade thee flourish, and with grateful strain Now chants the praise of thy maturer bloom.

Mason. The English Garden, b. iii.

O! what descriptive eloquence can tell
The woods and winding walks of Boscobell?
The various vistas, and the grassy glades,
The bowery coverts in sequester'd shades?

BOWL. v.
Bowl, n
Bo'WLER.
Bo'WLING, n.
Bo'WLING-GREEN.

Fawke. Bramham Park.

Fr. Boule; It. Balla, palla; Sp. Bolla; Dut. Bol; Ger. Bol, from the Ger. Bol-en, to roll. Bowl, patera rotunda; A. S. Bolla; Ger Bulle, Wachter derives from the same A bowl or ball is verb, Bol-en, volvere, rotare.

Any thing round or rolling; a round body to roll upon the ground; a round or circular bodyhollow-to contain liquids: a round or circular

hollow.

And whyle the kynge was shyppinge of his men, one broughte forthe a bolle full of mede or meth to drynke vpon bon vyage, and after that came bowl after bowl, so that after drynke came dronkennes, and after iangelynge, and iangelynge tourned into strife, and stryfe tourned into fyghtinge where through many were slayne.

Fabyan. Edw. the Conf. an. 1053 The bowle is round, and doth down slide, Eche one thrusteth, none doth uphold, A fall failes not, where blinde is guide, The stay is gone, who can him hold?

Vncertaine Auctors. Totus Mundus, &c.

A gentle state, where two such tenis balles
Are tossed still and better bowles let lie.

Gascoygne. Voyage into Holland. Garlick indeed should not be suffered to boll and run up to seed, and therefore the blade thereof ought to be wreathed. Holland. Plinie, b. xix. c. 6.

While one doth bring

A carven bowl well wrought of beechen tree,
Praising it by the story, or the frame,
Or want of use, or skilful maker's name.

Bp. Hall. Defiance to Envy. A little boll or cup, to sacrifice and offer unto the gods withall.-Holland. Livivs, p. 611.

Placed it [the obeliske] was in the middest of the shewplace, and upon it a bowle or globe of brasse set, glittering with thin plates of gold.-Id. Ammianus, p. 84.

He [Antigonus] espied upon a time within his camp, certaine common souldiers playing at the ball and bowling, having their corslets on their backs, and their morions upon their heads, he took a great pleasure therein.

Id. Plutarch, p. 341. An. Alas I had rather be set quick i'th' earth, And bowl'd to death with turnips.

Shakespeare. Merry Wives, Act iii. sc. 4. Breake all the spokes and fellies from her wheele, And boule the round naue downe the hill of heauen, As low as to the fiends. Id. Hamlet, Act ii. sc. 2.

The captains and commanders were then it seems at bowls upon the Hoe at Plymouth; and the tradition goes, that Drake would needs see the game up; but was soon prevail'd on to go and play out the rubbers with the Spaniards. Oldys. Life of Ralegh.

The right side of the pall old Egeus kept,
And on the left the royal Theseus went;
Each bore a golden bowl, of work divine,
With honey fill'd, and milk, and mix'd with ruddy wine.
Dryden. Palamon & Arcile, pt. iL

Another evil faculty he has, in making the bowling-green bis daily residence, instead of his church, where his curate reads prayers every day.-Tatler, No. 71.

The midnight reveller's intemperate bowl,
To rage and riot fires his furious brain;
Remorse ensues, and agony of soul,

Eis future life condemn'd to ceaseless pain.

BOX, v. Box, n. Bo'XEN.

}

Dodsley. Pain & Patience.

A. S. Boxe; Ger. Buchs: Lat. Burus, Gr. Πυξος, from πυκάζειν, to thicken, to condense; the tree or wood being so called from its firm solidity. See the quotation from Pliny.

The most massie and fast wood, and therefore the weightiest of all other, by judgement of men, is that of the ebene and the boxe.-Holland. Plinie, b. xvi. c. 11.

He withers at his heart, and looks as wan
As the pale spectre of a murder'd man:
That pale turns yellow, and his face receives
The faded hue of sapless boxen leaves.

Dryden. Palamon & Arcite, b. i.

A youth, once fowling in a shady grove,
On a tall box-tree spyd the god of love,
Perch'd like a beauteous bird; with sudden joy
At sight so noble leap'd the simple_boy.

Fawkes. Bion, Idyl. 2.
BOX, v.
Ger. Bux; Dut. Boss, buss; It.
Box, n. Bosso; Fr. Boite; so called because
Bo'XEN. made of the bux-us or box-tree.

Chaucer and Mandeville adopt the Fr. Boist, (qv.)

See Box, ante.

Box is technically distinguished from chest, trunk, bin, &c.

And lo a synful woman that was in the cytee as sche knewe that Jhesus sat at the mete in the hous of the Farisee, she broughte an alabastre box of oynement; and sche stood bihinde bisidis hise feet; and began to moiste hise feet with teeris, and wypide with the heeris of hir heed, and kiste hise feet and anoyntide with oyntment.-Wiclif. Luke, c. 7.

And beholde a woma in that citie, whiche was a synner, as she knewe that Jesus sat at meate in ye Pharices house, she brought an alabaster boae of oyntment, and she stode at his fete behynde him wepinge, and began to wash his fete with teares, and dyd wype the with ye heeres of her heade, and kissed his fete, and anoynted them with oyntment. Bible, 1551. Ib.

That fond his maister wel in his chaffare,
For often time he fond his box ful bare.

Chaucer. The Cokes Tale, v. 4388.

This cursed man hath in his hond yhent
This poison in a box, and swithe he ran
Into the next strete.

And whan he had it thrice radde,
To open a boxe she him badde,

That she there toke hym in present,

And was full of suche oignement,

That there was fire ne venym none,
That shulde fastenen hym vpon,

Id. v. 12,802.

Whan that he were anoynt withall.-Gower. Con. A. b. v.

In this meantime returned from France the Lord James, who beside his great expences, and the losse of a box wherein was his secret purse, escaped a desperate danger in Paris.

Knox. History of the Reformation, p. 293.

And when she could not prevail with them to stay, being but few in company, though the natives had no edge-tools of iron or steel, and had proffer'd a great box of pearl for some armour and a sword, she sent her women to watch them all night in their ships on the bank-side.

Oldys. Life of Ralegh. Canst thou not find, among thy numerous race Of kindred, one to tell thee that thy plays Are laught at by the pit, bor, galleries, nay, stage? Dorsel. Epistle to Mr. E. Howard.

Those who sat in the boxes appeared in the most unhappy situation of all. The rest of the audience came merely for their own amusement; these rather to furnish out a part of the entertainment themselves.

Goldsmith. Citizen of the World, Let. 21.

Yet, since his neighbours give, the churl unlocks, Damning the poor, his triple-bolted box.-Warton. Fashion.

I mention these particulars, to let you see how much he will be obliged to me, as I shall be to you, if you can help him to this convenient little box, at a price which he shall have no occasion to repent.-Melmoth. Pliny, b. i. Let. 24. As sweetly he

Who quits the coach-bor at the midnight hour
To sleep within the carriage more secure,

His legs depending at the open door.-Cowper. Task, b.i. Fr. Buquer, to knock or rapp, (Cotgrave.) Ger. Bocken or

BOX, v.

Box, n.

Bo'XER.

Bo'XING, n.

Pocken:

To knock, to strike, to beat, to

hit; to fight with the fists.

Cleopatra was in such a rage with him, that she flew upon him, and took him by the hair of the head, and boxed him well-favouredly.-North. Plutarch, p. 783.

They cause a chambermaid to enter into her [Matata] temple, and there they box her about the ears.-Id. Ib. p. 115. A. Gellius tells of a boy that would give every one that he met a box on the ear.-Bp. Taylor, vol. i. Ser. 24.

Faith, they may hang their harps upon the willows; 'Tis just like children when they box with pillows. Dryden. Epilogue for the King's House. Whether a man may put up a boa on the ear received from a stranger in the dark? with several other subtilties of the like nature. Tatler, No. 250.

Where Slack is made to box with Broughton,

I see the very stage they fought on.

Cambridge. A Dialogue. A tilt or tournament, the martial diversions of our ancestors, was however an unlawful act; and so are boring and sword playing, the succeeding amusement of their posterity. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 14. He grew one day very uneasy in bed, and a gentleman who watched him, desirous of covering him up close, received from the patient a violent box on his ear.

Goldsmith. Particulars relative to Charles XII.
Thrice with an arm, which might have made
The Theban boxer curse his trade,

The drone he shook, who rear'd the head,
And thrice fell backward on his bed.

Churchill. The Ghost, b. iv.

princes, and encouraged by a people, there would be reason

If boxing were ever to become a spectacle patronised by

to fear lest man, as man, had lost his value, lest life were estimated of little value; and lest the spirit of despotism were gradually insinuating itself into the community.

ΒΟΥ, υ. Boy, n.

BOYERY.

BO'YISH.

BO'YISM.

BO'YSHIP.

He [Ovid] had complain'd he was farther off from possession, by being so near, and a thousand such boyisms, which Chaucer rejected as below the dignity of the subject. Dryden. Pref. to Fables

One boy of ten, and another of nine years old, who had killed their companions, have been sentenced to death, and he of ten years actually hanged; because it appeared upon their trials, that the one hid himself, and the other hid the body he had killed, which hiding manifested a consciousness of guilt, and a discretion to discern between good and evil. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 2.

Then Milton had indeed a poet's charms:
New to my taste, his Paradise surpass'd
The struggling efforts of my boyish tongue
To speak its excellence.-Cowper. Task, b. iv.
BRABBLE, v.
BRA'BBLE, n.
BRABBLEN.
BRA'BBLING.
BRA'BBLINGLY.
BRABBLEMENT.

To Brabble or brawl; In Dut. Brabbelen, (be-rabbelen, see RABBLE); Fr. Brouiller, (to embroil,) is—

To confound, to mingle, to disturb, to trouble, to dis

order, to squabble, to rail.

Assuredly these callers make the blinde, more blind then he was before. But the Apostles obeying their maisters comaundment, called this man vnto Jesus, and so true is it, y they dyd not crie, & brable against him, as the people did, that they put him (hauing good hope already) in more hope and comforte, saying: be of good chere, aryse Jesus calleth thee. Udal. Mark, c. 10.

Emongst the poets new or ould,

where shall we place him (lo,) Amongste good, or bad: in sadnes nowe to exclude all brabling moode,

How many winters do you wene

will make a poet good.

Drant. Horace. Ep. b. ii. To Augustus

Yf I canne entreat hym to heare and abide the brablyng

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 410.

Knox. The Spirit of Despotism. Ger. Bub. Wachter observes, that the Lat. Pupus is a little boy; of Tyndales tonge, as I trust yet to intreat hym hereafter. and Pupa, a little girl. The Ger. Bub, is perhaps formed from Bubu; which Wachter calls the natural voice of children, asking for drink. The Eng. Babe, (qv.) the Gr. Пa-is, the Lat. Pu-er, pu-pus, pupa ;-Pa-pa, common to so many tongues, all seem to derive their origin from the natural cry of children. The Lat. Pupus and pupa, receive a sexual distinction from their terminations. The Ger. Bub; Eng. Boy, are applied first to

In hauing our wiues with vs still in companye, we should liue euer dying, for we should passe the nights in hearing their complaints and the daies in suffering their brablings [Ed. 1553, brawlinges] and chidings.—Golden Boke, c. 19.

To beggers and to boyes. that loth ben to worcke. Piers Plouhman, p. 142. Big laddes and strieplynges grou quite awaye from the purenes of babehood to boyish wontonnesse. Udal. Luke, c. 3. And all about her necke and shoulders flew A flock of little loues, and sports, and ioyes, With nimble wings of gold and purple hew; Whose shapes seem'd not like to terrestriall boyes, But like to angels playing heavenly toyes.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 10 They called the children that were past infancy two years, Irene. and the greatest boyes, Melirenes: as who would say, ready to go out of boyery. This boy who was made overseer of them was commonly twenty years of age.

North. Plutarch, p. 42. Mount. And for the boy, the grave Gomera gave thee, When she accepted thee her champion,

And in thy absence, like a valiant gentleman,

I well remember it :-he is too young.

Too boyish, and too tender, to adventure.
Mir. Boy, did he call me?
Gomera call me boy?

Beaum. & Fletch. Knight of Malta, Act ii. sc. 3.
Mir. "Tis not thy cause,-

Thou hast no reputation wounded in't,
Thine's but a general zeal; 'death! I am tainted,
The dearest twyn to life, my credit's murder'd,-
Bafl'd and boy'd.-Id. Ib.

Is his a boyish fault, that you should deem
A whiping, meet and ample punishment.

Beaumont. Psyche, c. 13. s. 239.
And is pert he alone, said murmering they,
His father's lawfully-begotten child,
And we by-blows? Or must his boyship prey
On all our seniorities?-Id. Ib. c. 1. s. 85.
Nor can I think

He has forsaken her: say what she please,
I know his curious cye, or say he had,
Put case he could be so boy-blind and foolish,
Yet stil I fear she keeps the contract with her.
Beaum. & Fleich. Love's Pilgrimage, Actiti. sc. 2.

Shakespeare. Titus Andronicus, Act ii. sc. 1. In the execution whereof there fell out a brabble at the Lord Vaux his house in North-hamptonshire wherein there were some blowes exchanged.

Cabbala. Earl Carlile to the Duke, Nov. 20, 1625.

If they meet with one who can relate the order of a feast or great dinner, discourse from point to point of a solemne shew or pompe, tell a tale of some dreame, or make report of a quarrell and brablement between him and another, they harken with great silence, bid him say on, and will misse never a circumstance.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 44.

Dol. We hold our time too precious to be spent With such a brabler.—Shakespeare. K. John, Act. v. sc. 1. BRACE, v. Lat. Brachium; It. Braccio; BRACE, n. Fr. Bras, the arm; applied to BRACELET. that which embraceth, or holds, as the arms do.-Bracelet; Fr.

BRACER.

Bracelet; It. Braccialetto.

To hold, bind, or tie together; to tighten, to strengthen, to fasten, to confine, to restrain.

A brace of dogs, as Skinner remarks, is a couple of dogs, dogs braced or coupled together: and, from usage, restricted in number to two. Brace, the n. and bracelet are applied, particularly, to armour, or ornaments bracing or binding the arm; brace, to a certain part of the rigging of a ship; to certain timbers which are to brace or hold to. gether.

Upon his arm he bare a gaie bracer,
And by his side a swerde and a bokeler.

Chaucer. The Prologue, v. 111

I spie a bracelet bounde about mine arme,
Which to my shaddowe seemeth thus to saye,
"Beleeue not me: for I was but a charm,
To make the sleepe, when others went to playe."
Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew cf

Wherewith he set his souldiers on suche a courage, that taking more thought for their burial the for their lives, euery manne put aboute his righte arme a bracelet wherein was grauen his owne name, and the name of his father. Goldyng. Justine, fol. 24.

They carry also certaine little long bagges about an hand broade tyed to their left arme, which serue them also in stead of brasers for their bowes, full of the powder of a certaine hearbe whereof they make a certain beuerage.

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. p. 427.

Which York obeys; and up King Henry comes,
When for his guidance he had got him room;
The dreadful bellowing of whose straight brac'd drums,
To the French sounded like the dreadful doom.
Drayton. Battle of Agincourt.

-Do but start
An eccho with the clamor of thy drumme,
And euen at hand, a drumme is readie brac'd,
That shall reuerberate all, as loud as thine.

Shakespeare. King John, Act v. sc. 2.

In precious clothes his legs the chieftaine ties,
Nought could the man from bloud and fight debar,
A sturdie lance in his right hand he braced,
His shield he tooke, and on his helmet laced.

Look upon all the sad moneful objects in the world, betwixt whom all our compassion is wont to be divided; first the bankrupt rotting in a gaol; secondly, the direful bloody

spectacle of the soldier wounded by the sword of war; thirdly, the malefactor howling under the stone, or gasping upon the rack or wheel; and fourthly, the gallant person on the scaffold or gallows ready for execution; and the secure, senseless sinner is the brachygraphy of all these. Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 580.

Some are in a secret discontent at God's afflicting providence; and this raiseth the memory of former mercies, and takes away the relish of present mercies; as the sweet showers of heaven that fall into the sea are turned into its brackish taste: such neither enjoy God nor themselves. Bates. The great Duty of Resignation. Having long since written a short discourse of the Saltness of the Sea, I had been industrious to devise ways of comparing water in point of brackishness. Boyle. Works, vel. iv. p. 594. BRACKET. A bracket or brace in Printing, is a certain mark bracing or confining words or lines together.

So much of the verse as is explained, is included in one, if it be from the beginning of the verse, or, if not, in two brackets [] so that the rest of the text, which is excluded by the brackets, may coherently be read with the paraphrase of that which is included, and the sense continue undisturbed by that means.-Hammond. To the Reader.

At the head of each article, I have referred, by figures included in brackets, to the page of Dr. Lardner's volume, where the section, from which the abridgement is made,

-When we consider

Th' importancie of Cyprus to the Turke,

And let our selues againe but vnderstand,

That as it more concernes the Turke then Rhodes,

So may he with more facile question beare it,

For that it stands not in such warrelike brace,
But altogether lackes th' abilities that Rhodes is dress'd in.
Shakespeare. Othello, Act i. sc. 3.

And when with little hands they stroke thy face
As in thy lap they sit (ah, careless!) playing,
And stammering ask a kiss, give them a brace,
P. Fletcher. Eliza, an Elegy.
The last from me.
Meanwhile the combatants, of mind elate,
Drew on their hands the dreadful gloves of fate:
The leathern thongs that brac'd their shoulders round,
Firm to their arms the ponderous gauntlets bound.
Fawkes. Theocritus. Idyl. 22.

The K-g, who was then at Newmarket, heard of it, and was pleas'd merrily and graciously to say, he could not be there himself but he would send them a brace of bucka. Spectator, No. 79.

But then-her voice! how fram'd t'endear!
The music of the gods to hear!
Wit that so pierc'd, without offence,

So brac'd by the strong nerves of sense.-Smart, Bal. 10.

It could not fail if I carried the list. I'll undertake to set down a brace of dukes, two dozen lords, and half the lower house, at my own peril.

Goldsmith. The Good-Natur'd Man, Act iii.

She took, she kiss'd the present, and disguis'd
Her conscious trouble under busy care
To fix the bracelet in its lovely seat.

Glover. The Athenaid, b. xviii.

BRACH. Dut. Brack; Fr. Braque; It. Bracco. Cotgrave says, that the Fr. Braque is a kind of short-tailed setting-dog, ordinarily spotted or party coloured. The Scotch Rach (see Jamieson); Eng. Brach; are applied to a hound, canis venaticus; to a dog that scents out, or traces out by the scent; perhaps rach and brach are race, be-race, bræcc, from the A. S. Ræcc, from Recan, to reek, to send forth a fume or scent; Ger. Riechen, be-riechen, to scent out, to trace by the scent or odour. (Odorem spirare et odorem percipere, Wachter.) Rach also occurs in the old romance of Lybeaus Dis

conus.

Mr. Steevens quotes the following passage from Sir Thomas More's Comfort against Tribulation, b. iii. c. 24:

Here it must be known of some men that can skill of hunting, whether that we mistake not our terms, for then are we utterly ashamed as ye wott well. And I am so cunning, that I can not tell, whether among them a bitche be a bitche or no; but I remember she is no bitch but a brache.

For as the dogs pursue the silly doe,
The brache behind, the hounds on every side;
So trac'd they me among the mountains wide.

Phaer. Legend of Owen Glandower.

Young. He do't: hark, hither, is that your brother?
El. Lo. Yes, have you lost your memory?
Young. As I live, he's a pretty fellow.

Yo. Lo. O this is a sweet brache.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Scornful Lady, Act i. sc. 1. Lye still ye theefe, and heare the lady sing in Welsh. Hots. I had rather heare (lady) my brach howle in Irish. Shakespeare. 1 Pt. Hen. IV. Act iii. sc. 1.

It may be all the certainty of those high pretenders to it [science] may be circumscrib'd by as small a circle as the creed, when brachygraphy had confined it within the compass of a penny.-Glanvill. Van. of Dog. c. 2.

He beheld himself, and sermon-writer; and did not know which most to wonder at, his own deafness, or the fellow's acuteness. At last he asked the brachygrapher, whether he wrote the notes of that sermon, or something of his own conception.-Gayton. Notes on Don Quixote, vol. i. p. 8. BRACK. A breach, any thing broken; A.S. Bræccan, to break.

Called I was William De la Poole,

BRAG, v. Dut. Braggeren; Fr. BRAG, n. Brague. Junius observes BRAG, adj. that Brag, in Scotch, BRA'GGER. is fear, terror; and he BRA'GGERY. quotes several instances BRA'GGING, n. from G. Douglas of the BRA'GGINGLY. word so used. The GlosBRA'GLESS. sarist also remarks, that, BRA'GLY. to boast and brag one, BRA'GGART, n. is, to threaten, or sharply BRA'GGART, adj. reprove one. And hence BRA'GGADISM. was deduced, as Junius beBRAGGADO CIO. lieves, the English application of the word to those, who endeavour to strike terror into their opponent by the noisiness You may find time out in eternity, of their threats. The word itself he refers to the Deceit and violence in heavenly justice, A. S. Breg-an, terrere, to terrify. Skinner, on Life in the grave, and death among the blessed, Ere stain or brack in her sweet reputation. the other hand, says,-perhaps from the Lat. Beaum. & Patch. A Wife for a Month, Act i. sc. 1. Fragor; qui (sc.) fragorem magnum edit. G.

Of Suffolke Duke in Queene Margarets daies,
That found the meane Duke Humfreys bloode to coole,
Whose worthie acts deserue eternall praise,
Whereby I note that fortune cannot raise
Any aloft, without some others wracke:
Flouds drowne no fields before they find a bracke.
Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 340.

Let not a brack i'th' stuff, or here and there
The fading gloss, a general loss appear.

Id. Valentinian. Epilogue.
A cord that would not slip
For knots and bracks about the mouth of it,

Made serue the turn-Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xvii.

'Tis but my closer preasing to the fare
In th' euening's cold, because, my weeds, you know
Are passing thin: for I made bold to show
Their brackes to you, and pray'd your kinde supply.
Id. 1b. b. xvii.
Brack, Dut. Salsus, salt;

ገ.

BRACK, n. BRACKISH. BRA'CKISHNESS. BRACKY.

a word still in use in Lincolnshire, says Skinner. He would derive it from the Dut. Braecken, vomere (prorumpere in Vomitum, Kilian,) because salt and salt water provoke vomition. (See PARBREAKE.) G. Douglas renders, extaque salsos Porriciam in fluctus.

Brackish, impregnated with, tasting of, salt.

The entreillis eke fer in the fludis brake
I shall slyng.

Eneados, b. v.

But when I wake and finde away
that did delight me so,
Then in comes care to pleasure's place
that makes my limmes to quake,
That all besprent with brackish bryne
(0 bed) I thee forsake.

Turberville. The Louer to his Careful Bed, &c.
Upon whose moisted skirt, with sea-weed fring'd about,
The bastard coral breeds, that, drawn out of the brack,
A brittle stalk becomes, from greenish turn'd to black.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 2.

A great number of them rebelling against Spartacus, went and camped themselves by the Lake of Lucania, which water by report hath this variable property, that at certain times it changeth and becometh very sweet, and at some other times again so salt and brackish as no man can drink it. North. Plutarch, p. 471. But the souldiers were driven to take sea weeds called Alga: (washing away the brackishness thereof with fresh water, putting to it a little herb called Dogs-tooth) to cast it so to their horse to eat.-Id. Ib. p. 610.

And, what the famous flood far more than that enriches, The bracky fountains are, those two renouned wyches, The Nant-wych and the North.

Drayton. Poly-Oibion, s. 11.

Douglas writes, "with braik and boist," which, as the Glossarist seems to consider, can be merely the word Brag, differently written: and this brings us to the A. S. Brac-an, frangere, to break; Brag-an, diripere, as the more probable etymo logy. Breg-an, terrere, is (there can scarcely be a doubt) Brec-an, frangere, contundere, to break or bruise, differently written and applied. Our older English writers, as well as modern speech, supply us with a word similar both in origin and usage: viz, to crack, a crack, (qv.) To brag, then, is

To break or burst out, to bray out, (sc.) in noisy threats, or boastings; in clamorous pretensions; and thus to proclaim ostentatiously, (bravingly); to vaunt, to boast, to exaggerate.

Bale

uses the expression, "Bragge boastynge." See

BRAVE, and BRAY.

An horne blew with many boustous bragge,
Which all this world with war hath made to wagge.
Chaucer. The Test. of Creseide.

But did I then diuise with crueltie

(As tyrants do) to kill the yeelding pray? Or did I bragge and boast triumphauntly As who should saye the field were mine that day. Gascoigne. Lookes of a Louer Forsaken.

May brainsick Bacchus brag

or boast himself as free? Not I, but Aryadna's crowne shewes him in loue to bee.

Turberville. To a late acquainted Friend.

Geve place, ye louers, here before,
That spent your bostes and bragges in vain.
My ladies beawty passeth more,

The best of yours, I dare well sayen.

Surrey. A Warning to a Louer. The chefe cause of thys hath beene the cruell contempt of holye wedlocke, and the bragge boastynge out of their vnholye chastitie.-Bale. Eng. Votaries, pt i. Conclusion.

These vaunting verses with a many mo,

(To his mishap) haue come vnto my handes, Whereof the rest (bicause he sailed so,

In braggers boate which set itselfe on sandes,
And brought him eke fast bound in follyes bands,)
Of curtesie I keepe them from your sight,
Let those suffice which of myselfe I write.

Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bath.