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The influence of princes upon the dispositions of their courts, needs not the deposition of examples, since it hath the authority of a knowne principle.

Mountague. Devoule Essayes, pt. i. Treat. 9. s. 2.

For as to his answer to my addition, that if we held these doctrines deposited in the church as zealously as the RoInanist, we must hold them as of faith, and that the depository is so trusty, as it cannot deceive us, I reply, &c. Hammond. Works, vol. li. pt. ii. p. 138.

The Ægyptians were afraid of fire, not as a Deity, but a devouring element, mercilesly consuming their bodies, and leaving too little of them; and therefore by precious embalinents, deposilure in dry earths, or handsome inclosure in glasses, contrived notablest wayes of integrall conservation. Brown. Urn Burial, c. 1.

Thus when the state one Edward did depose,
A greater Edward in his room arose.

But now, not I, but poetry is curs'd;
For Tom the second reigns like Tom the first.
Dryden, Ep. 10. To Mr. Congreve.

To them were committed the oracles of God; i. e. with them were intrusted all the revelations of the will of God, the law and the prophesies, as the people with whom God thought fit to deposit these things for the benefit of the world.-Clarke, vol. ii. Ser. 163.

If a person of clear fame assert a thing which he is ready to maintain with the loss of his life, there is no reason to doubt of the truth of his deposition.

Bates. Harmony of the Divine Attributes, c. 22. They [schoolmasters] are indeed the great depositories and trustees of the peace of it; as having the growing hopes and fears of the nation in their hands.-South, vol. v. Ser. 1. In this very year the sceptre of royal power departed from Judah; for it was in this year that Archelaus, the son of Herod the Great, was deposed by the Roman emperor, and banished to Lyons, and the Jews became wholly subject to the dominion of the Romans.-Horsley, vol. iii. Ser. 30.

The swell of pity, not to be confin'd Within the scanty limits of the mind, Disdains the bank, and throws the golden sands, A rich deposit, on the bord'ring lands.-Cowper. Charity. Thus it is ordained by the sages of Hindustán, that "a depositor shall carefully enquire into the character of his intended depositary; who, if he undertake to keep the goods, shall preserve them with care and attention."

Sir W. Jones. The Law of Bailments.

If I am a vain man, my gratification ties within a narrow circle. I am the sole depository of my own secret, and it shall perish with me.-Juntus. Ded. to the English Nation. DEPOVERISH. To impoverish. See DE

PAUPERATE.

So is your power depouerished, and lordes and great men brought to infelicitie, and all your people to great debilitie. Grafton. Rich. II. an. 10.

DEPRAVE, v. DEPRAVA'TION. DEPRA'VABLE. DEPRA VEDLY. DEPRA'VEDNESS. DEPRA'VEMENT. DEPRA'VER.

DEPRA VERES.

DEPRAVITY.

var;

Fr. Dépraver; Sp. DepraIt. Depravare, (Lat. De, and pravus;) perhaps from the Gr. Пpaos, mild, gentle; and by warlike people, in contempt, cowardly.

To deprave, says Minshew, is to vitiate and corrupt that which before was good.

To vitiate, to corrupt, to degrade; to put a bad meaning or construction upon; and thus, to vilify, to defame.

And that knoweth conscience. ich cam nogt to chiden
Ne to deprave the pesone.-Piers Plouhman, p. 49.

And yet good Lord, of a presumpcion

Inil depraue thy might and Deite

I liue but vnder thy protection,

I am thy subiect, and wear thy liuery.

Chaucer. The Remedie of Loue. We began to lose, whan our capitaines began to deserue to be depraued and condempned.-Golden Boke, c. 49.

As though all the false religion that euer was amonge the heithen, was not a corrupting & deprauation of the true religió of God.-Caluine. Foure Godlye Sermons, Ser. 1

O temerous tauntrese that delights in toyes,
Tumbling cock boat tot'ring too and fro,
Jangling iestres, depravrease of swete ioyes,

Ground of the graffe whence all my grief doth grow.
Vncertaine Auctors. Against an Unstedfast Woman.
Ah! why hath nature to so hard a hart
Given so goodly gifts of beauties grace?
Whose pride depranes each other better part,
And all those precious ornaments deface.

Spenser, Son. 31.

[1 omit] the scrutiny all over the kingdom, to find out men of arbitrary principles, that will bow the knee to Baal, in order to their promotion to all publick commissions and

employments, and the disgracing on the contrary and displacing of such as yet dare in so universal a depravation be honest and faithful in their trust and offices. Marvell. Works, vol. i. p. 645.

Human nature is so mutable and depravable, as that notwithstanding the connate idea and prolepsis of God in the minds of men, some unquestionably do degenerate and lapse into atheism.-Cudworth. Intel. System, p. 631.

I have lived to behold the name of his Majesty defamed, the honour of Parliament depraved; the writings of both depravedly, anticipatively, counterfeitly imprinted. Brown, Rel. Medici. To the Reader.

Yet in the worst of the depravedness of Israel, there were some which both drouped under the deplored idolatry of the times, and congratulated to Jehu this seuere vindication of God's inheritance.

Bp. Hall. Cont. Jehu killing the Sons of Ahab.

First of all Aenots, which we here render supplications, but may more properly be rendered deprecations, that is to say, such prayers as we put to God for the pardon of our sins, and the averting from us all those evils that we deserve upon account of them.-Sharp, vol. iy. Ser. 7.

The form itself is very ancient, consisting now as it did of old, of two parts, the first deprecative, the second indicative; the one intreating for pardon, the other, dispensing it. Comber, vol. i. p. 752.

I fear he is a fraudulent dealer, and we may with too much justice apply to him the Scriptural deprecation, He that withholdeth his corn, the people shall curse him; but blessing shall be upon the head of him who selleth it. Gilpin, vol. iii. Se.. 11. But a city without the knowledge of a God, or the prac tice of religion: without the use of vows, oaths, oracles, and sacrifices to procure good, or of deprecatory rites to avert Warburton. The Divine Legation, b. ii. s. 1.

And to this effect he maketh men believe that apparitions, evil, no man can or ever will find.

and such as confirm his existence, are either deceptions of
sight, or melancholy depravements of phancy.
Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. i. c. 10.

The rest, which the text ensuing shall lay abroad, we will

to our abilitie perform and perfit more exactly, not fearing

all the backbiters and depravers of this so long a worke, as they hold it.-Holland. Ammianus, p. 29.

By aberration of conceit they extenuate his depravitie, and ascribe some goodnesse unto him. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. vii. c, 1. And still much less inconsistent will it be with the same divine goodness, to permit the posterity of a sinful and depraved creature to continue by natural consequence in a lower and more obnoctious rank of beings, than possibly they would have been placed in, had no such depravation been introduced, either by our first parent, or by any of his successors. Clarke, vol. i. Ser. 30.

If there be no designed depravedness, and pestilent perversness of the mind, charity will make an indulgent allowance for it.-Bates. Spiritual Perfection unfolded, c. 11.

Over-great concern for self-preservation [is owned to be] meanness and cowardice; too little, rashness; and none at all, or that which is contrary, (viz. a passion leading to selfdestruction) a mad and desperate depravity. Shaftesbury. On Virtue, b. i. pt. i. s. 2.

When reason and understanding are depraved and as far corrupted as the very passions of the heart; when thus the blind leads the blind, what else can we expect, but that both fall into the ditch?-Sherlock, vol. ii. Disc. 33.

Which, if it, [refinement] does not lead directly to purity of manners, obviates at least their greatest depravation, by disentangling the mind from appetite, and conducting the thoughts, through successive stages of excellence, till that contemplation of universal rectitude and harmony, which began by taste, may, as it is exalted and refined, conclude in virtue.-Sir J. Reynolds, Disc. 9.

17th century and the year 1759,-a period in the history of The term of years that elapsed between the middle of the Spain, when all arts and sciences were fallen to the lowest ebb of depravement.-Swinburne. Spain, Let. 41.

DEPRECATE, v. DEPRECATION.

It is the artificial theologer, the depraver, as he says, of the gospel, who would draw him into so absurd a system. Warburton. The Divine Legation, b. v. App. Fr. Déprécation; Sp. Deprecation. BPprecatio. Lat. Deprecari, deprecatus, (de, and precari, to pray.) Fr. Desprier,-to unpray, disintreat; revoke a suit, recall prayers; desire to the contrary," (Cotgrave.)

DEPRECATIVE.

DEPRECATORY.

A deprecation, says Minshew, or begging of God to turn away his heauie displeasure from us, for our sins committed.

He then muttered in a broken and imperfect kind of tone, that the prayers he made, and the masses he performed, were in order to deprecate a massacre he had heard was designed against the Catholics.

State Trials, an. 1589. The Earl of Arundel. Deprecacions of evil to a malicious man are no better than advices. An unknown idiom is fit to keep counsel: they are familiar words, that must convey ought to the understanding.-Bp. Hall. Cont. Hezekiah & Sennacherib.

And in the Opuscular of Thomas Aquinas, he tells that a doctor said to him, that the optative form, or deprecatory, was the usual.

Bp. Taylor. Dissuasiue from Popery, b. i. s. 9. pt. ii. In petitioning for ourselves, the first thing to be explained, is deprecation, which concerns the prevention, or removal, or lessening of evil.

The first evil to be prayed against is that of sin; and therein we should deprecate both the f Guilt,

Power. Wilkins. On Prayer, c. 16.

DEPRECIATE, v. DEPRECIATION. DEPRECIATORS.

Low Lat. Depreciare, minuere pretio; Fr. Dépriser. Du Cange: (de,

and pretium, price or value.) To lower, lessen or diminish the price or value; to deny the price or value; to dis-esteem.

Lest those unintelligent maligners take an advantage from our discourse, to depreciate and detract from what hath been alway the object of their hate, because never of their knowledge, and capacities. Glanvill. The Vanity of Dogmalizing, c. 24.

In the other parts of the book, we do often give an account, of the doctrine of the ancients: which however some oversevere philosophers may look upon fastidiously, or undervalue and depreciate, yet, as we conceived it often necessary, so possibly may the variety thereof not be ungrateful to others.-Cudworth. Intel. System, Pref. to the Reader.

Others are so unhappily attentive to party considerations or personal prejudices, that if a design, ever so valuable, comes from a wrong quarter, instead of being ambitious to share the merit and the honour of it, they set themselves immediately to depreciate it, and suggest mischievous intentions in it.-Secker, vol. v. Ser. 7.

This depreciation of their funds has not much the air of a nation lightening burthens and discharging debts. Burke. On a late State of the Nation.

The depreciators of the Eucharist have maintained, among other strange and conceited opinions, that the prayers, hymns, and thanksgivings contained in our communion service have no real connection with the sacrament; which, according to them, consists merely of eating the bread, and drinking the wine, in commemoration of our Lord's death and passion. Knox. Consideration on the Lord's Supper.

DE PREDATE, v.
DEPREDA'TION.
DE'PREDATOR.
DEPREDATORY.
DE'PREDABLE.

waste or lay waste.

Fr. Dépréder; Lat. Depredari, atum, (de, and præda, prey, plunder.)

To prey upon, plunder, pillage, despoil, ravage,

I have now a plentiful estate, external affluence; what if, at this moment I were bereft of all, either by fire or depredation, how were my mind fitted with humility and patience to submit to a poor, strait, wanting condition? Hale. Cont. vol. i. Of Afflictions.

It is reported, that the shrub called our ladies seale, (which is a kind of briony,) and coleworts, set near together, depredatours of the earth, and one of them starveth the one or both will die. The cause is, for they be both great other.-Bacon. Naturall History, § 492.

The two precedent intend this, That the spirits and aire in their actions may be the lesse depredatory; and the two latter, that the blood and juice of the body may be the lesse

depredable.-Id. History of Life and Death.

The juyce and succulencies of the body, are made lesse depredable, if either they be made more indurate, or more dewy, and oyly.-Id. On Learning, by G. Wats, b. iv. c. 2.

The visitors found, in some of the richest abbeys in England, as St. Alban's and Battel, such depredations made that at St. Alban's an abbot could not subsist any longer, the rents were so low.-Burnet. Hist. of Reformation, an. 1537.

Nevertheless, I shall, in this case, send my brother with a detachment of horse to harass Antony in his retreat, and to protect Italy from his depredations. Melmoth. Cicero, b. xiv. Læt. 9.

The prostitution of praise for venal purposes, is a species of deception, which deserves to be ranked among the frauds of the vilest depredator on property.

Knox. Winter Evenings, Even. 40. They are a stout, well-made, bold, warlike race of people, redoubtable neighbours to both nations of the Koriacs, who often feel the effects of their depredatory incursions. Cook. Voyage, vol. vii. b. v. c. 7.

DEPREDICATING, N.

DEPREDICATE, .care, to attribute; (præ, Lat. De, and prædiand dicare, which Vossius says is the same as attribuere, ac præcipuè consecrare; perhaps, he adds, of the same origin as dicere.)

To proclaim, to commemorate.

The Hebrew which signifies to praise, or celebrate, or deprædicate, doth import no more, than hymnes or lauds; accordingly the singing them is (Mat. xxvi. 30,) exprest by buvηouvres, having sung an hymn.

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Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 1.

The negative flattery being as truly, though not so grosly Buch as the affirmative; the concealing of faults, as the deprædicating of vertues.-Id. Ib. vol. i. p. 294.

DEPREHEND. Į Lat. Deprehendere, (de, DEPREHENSION. pre, and hendere, used only in composition; A. S. Hent-an, to hunt, seize, catch.)

To catch or seize; to seize the intent or meaning; to discover; to detect.

In so moche as Cornelius Tacitus, an excellente oratour, historian, and lawiar, sayth, Surely in the bookes of Tulli, men maye deprehende that in hym lacked not the knowlege of geometrye, ne musyke, ne grammer, finally of no maner of arte that was honest.-Sir T. Elyot. Governor, b. i. c. 14.

Yet hitherto the reliques of youre old lyfe are deprehended in you, you haue not yet all together caste of the olde manne. Udal. James, c. 4.

For that God is ready to forgive the greatest criminals it they repent, appears in the instances of Ahab and Manasses, of Mary Magdalen and S. Paul, of the thief on the cross and the deprehended adultress, and of the Jews themselves. Bp. Taylor. Of Repentance, c. 9. s. 1.

And askt, what God hath been so rude, (Sweet daughter) to chastise thee thus? as if thou wert pursude, Euen to the act of some light sinne, and deprehended so. Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. v.

Her deprehension is made an aggravation of her shame : such is the corrupt judgment of the world: to do ill troubles not man; but to be taken in doing it.

Bp. Hall. Cont. The Woman taken in Adulterie.
Lat. Deprimere, depressum;

DEPRESS, v.

DEPRESS.

DEPRESSION.

DEPRESSIVE.

lie upon any thing,

to

press down; de, and prem-ere, Vossius thinks, is properly to lean against or cum pondere. See COMPRESS.

To press down; to thrust or squeeze down; to deject, to sink, to debase, to degrade,

The same houre, when this child was borne
Uenus direct, and contrarious

And depressed in Mercurius hous.

Lidgate. The Story of Thebes, pt. i.

And tha is the depression of the pole artentike beneath the orizont, ye same quantity of space, neither more ne lesse. Id. Of the Astrolabie.

Perceyuynge thus the tyrannye of synne,
That with hys weyght hath humbled and deprest
My pride; by gnawyng of the worme within.
That neuer dyeth, I lyue withouten rest.-Wyat, Ps. 38.

I meane not his materiall crosse that he himselfe dyed on, but a spirituall crosse which is aduersitie, tribulation, worldly depression, &c.—Frith. Workes, p. 5.

Close smother'd lay the low depressed fire
Whose after-issuing flames confounded all.
Daniel. Civil War, b. v.

He specifies very nicely that a ring that hath for a seal the figure of a man, if it be gibbous, or swelling out, is not itself lawful to be worn, but yet 'tis lawful to seal with it, because the impression in that case is hollow, not swelling out; and on the other side if the seal be depress, or hollow, 'tis lawful to wear, but not to seal with It. Hammond. Works, vol. ï. p. 259.

I speake to this effect; That they would forbear too much depressing of the clergy, either in their reputation or maintenance, in regard it was not impossible that their profession, now as high as ours once was. may fall to be as low as ours now is.-State Trials. Archbishop Laud, an. 1640.

Lambert, in great depression of spirit, twice pray'd him to let him escape, but when he saw he could not prevail, subnitted as all the rest did except Okley, Axtel, and Cleer, who escaped. Baker. Charles II. an. 1660.

The Gods with ease frail man depress or raise,
Exalt the lowly, or the proud debase.

Pope. Homer. Odyssey, b. xvi.

Should he [one born blind] draw his hand over a picture, where all is smooth and uniform, he would never be able to imagine how the several prominencies and depressions of a human body could be shewn on a plain piece of canvas, that has in it no unevenness or irregularity.-Spectator. No. 416.

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An illustrious scene will open, in which the world and all its views, and pageantry, will be depressed; and heavenly truth shine out in all its splendour. Gilpin, vol. i. Hints for Sermons, § 2. DEPRI'SURE. "Fr. DesprisDisesteem, disprisal, neglect, little regard, small respect, contempt or disdain of,” (Cotgrave.) See DEPRECIATE.

Nor can any, upon consideration, expect less then a great

abatement and deprisure of their souls in the account of God, when his pure sight beholds this protected impuritic.

Mountague. Devoute Essayes, Treat. 6. s. 2. DE/PRIMENT. Lat. Deprimens, pres. part. of Deprimere, to depress, (qv.) Pressing down.

Partly by the equality of their strength; which is the peculiar origine, or the addition of the trochlea; which is case of the adducent and abducent muscles: partly by their the case of the oblique muscles: and partly by the natural posture of the body, and the eye; which is the case of the attollent and depriment muscles. Derham. Physico-Theology, b. iv. c. 2. Fr. Priver; It. Privare; Lat. Privare, deprivare. See PRIVATE.

DEPRIVE, v. DEPRIVABLE.

Sp. Privar;

DEPRIVATION. DEPRIVEMENT. To make our own private DEPRIVER. and peculiar property, to apDEPRIVING, n. propriate; and thusTo take away, withdraw or withhold from another; to take away, bereave or despoil.

Almerck or Mountfort deprived was thare

& the tresorie, that he had in kepyng.-R. Brunne, p.222.
Haue I the nat honoured all my liue,
As thou wel wotest, above the goddes all?
Why wilt thou me fro ioy thus depriue.

Chaucer. Troilus, b. iii.

To what end then pursued you the marriage? to no other end surely, but to advance and maintain the false and pretended title to the present possession of the crown of England, and for the attaining thereof, to practice the deprivation, death and destruction of the Queen's majesty. [Elizabeth.] State Trials, an. 1571. Duke of Norfolk. Love fleeth my hart, while fortune is depriuer Of all my comfort.

Wyat. Of Loue, Fortune, and the Louer's Minda And on the tother syde, if, some saye be a good proof than the suspending wil be as long as a depryuing for euer. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 919.

If then violence, injury, terrour, and depriving of that which is more dear than life itself, liberty, be fit orators for affection, you may expect that I will be easily perswaded. Sidney. Arcadia, b. iii. Though perhaps we might escape the sword, yet would our life have been worse then death, not alone in respect of our wofull captivity, and bodily miseries, but most of all in respect of our Christian liberty, being to be deprived of all publique meanes of serving the true God.

Sir F. Drake. The World Encompassed, p. 101.

Mr. Pym, in a long form'd discourse, lamented the miserable state and condition of the kingdom, aggravated all the particulars which had been done amiss in the government, as done and contriv'd maliciously, and upon deliberation, to change the whole frame, and deprive the nation of all the liberty and property which was their birthright by the laws of the land. Clarendon. Civil War, vol. i. p. 171.

I might prosecute and draw down the histories of all the Spanish kings and kingdoms from his dayes till this present, which are fully fraught with presidents of this nature, to prove all the kings of Spaine inferiour to their kingdomes, assemblies of the estates, lawes, resistible, deprivable for their tyrannyes.-Prynne. Treachery & Disloyalty, pt.v. p.75.

Why should I think a priest will not reveal confession? I am sure he will do any thing that is forbidden him, haply not so often as I. The utmost punishment is deprivation. Selden. Table Talk. Confession.

God might freely have ordered the contrary, and they could no way have claimed it as a due, or a deprivement of their right; it was no natural due that was the consequent of its being.--Goodwin. Works, vol. ii. pt.ii. p. 115.

Scarce had he said, when on the mountain's brow,
We saw the giant-shepherd stalk before

His following flock, and leading to the shore.
A monstrous bulk, deform'd, depriv'd of sight,
His staff a trunk of pine, to guide his steps aright.
Dryden. Virgil. Eneid, b. iii.

We can sooner leave our place, and all our present outward enjoyments than leave that, which was the first ground of our wandering from our native country; nor are we thereby made such strangers thereunto, but we can rather chuse to return, and take our lot with our brethren, than abide here under the deprivement of the ends of our travels. Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 215. App. to the Life.

And, in this business, these deprivers were so quick, and went so roundly to work, that they stayed not for the appearances of the priests to answer for themselves, nor sometimes so much as cited them to answer, but deprived them to rights without any more ado.

Strype. Memorials, an. 1553. Queen Mary.

Thus a punishment of this kind was inflicted on the rebellious Israelites: they were deprived of the extraordinary providence, and were yet held subject to the theocracy, as appears from the sentence pronounced upon thein, by the mouth of the prophet Ezekiel. Warburton. Divine Legation, b. v. s. 4. Lat. De, and pudor,

DEPU'DORATED.

shame.

Rendered shameless or void of shame.

Their [Atheists] minds are partly petrified and benummed into a kind of sottish and stupid insensibility, so that they are not able to discern things that are most evident; and partly depudorated or become so void of shame, as that though they do perceive, yet they will obstinately and impudently deny the plainest things.

Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 193. DEPULSION. Lat. Depellere, depulsum, to drive away, (de and pellere, to drive; perhaps

from Gr. Пeλ-ew, to move or remove.) A driving away.

In the meane time (the errour or weaknesse of the Burgundian Dutchesse and her Perkin, suffering their enemy in this sort, to puruey for his owne security, and their depulsion) King Henry for farther assurance of himselfe makes a progress into Lancashire.

DEPU'RE, v.
DE PURATE, v.

DE'PURATE, adj.

DEPURATION.

Speed. Hen. VII. b. ix. c. 20. s 38.

Lat. De, and purus, from Пup, fire; properly spoken of metals which are purified by fire. "Fr. Dépurer

To purge, clear, purifie, clarifie," (Cotgrave.) He shall fyrst bee well purged, and all the spottes & wrincles that the remayn, shal be cleane burned out by the hote fyre of purgatory, or by other men's prayers and almes dede, and other suffrages of the churche doone for hym, be depured and clensed before that he shalbe layde vp for pure gold in the treasures of God.—Sir T. More. Workes, p. 800.

We say, Spirits are where they operate: but strictly to be in a place, or ubi, is a material attribute, and incompatible with so depurate a nature.-Glanvill. Van. of Dogm. c. 11.

For all the excoctions and depurations of metalls it is a familiar error, that to advance excoction, they augment the heate of the fornace, or the quantity of the infection.

Bacon. On Learning, by G. Wats, b. v. c. 1.

Or this manner of depuration and clarifying of it by a strainer, first doth enervate and cut as it were the sinews of the vigour and vertue, yea, and quench the native heat that it hath.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 603.

Recrements of the blood, whose seasonable expulsion is required to depurate the mass of blood and make it fit, both to circulate and to maintain the vital heat residing in the heart.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 104.

You will obtain together with the spirit of wine the spirit of soot, and also a very depurate oil, smelling like camphor. Id. Ib. vol. ii. p. 209.

This is requisite to be done only when, to master some stubborn disease, the medicine is to be exalted either to its supreme, or at least to some approaching degree of purity and efficacy: for otherwise so exquisite a depuration is not always necessary.-Id. Ib. p. 213.

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Grainger. The Sugar Cane, b. iii.

The Fr. Député; It. Deputato; Sp. Deputado, are from the Barb. Lat. Deputare pro delegare. Rectius itaque, delegatos dixeris, quos vulgo And Vossius says,

deputatos vocant, (Junius.) They are rashly called deputies, who ought to be called delegates.” And see Deputer, in Menage; and Deputati, in Du Cange.

To appoint, authorize or empower one or more to act for others.

Some old authors write debyty for deputy.

But for he maie not all hym one
In sondry places do iustice,

He shall of his riall office
With wise consideracion

Ordeine his deputacion.

Of suche judges, as ben lerned,

So that his people be gouerned

By hem, that true ben and wise.-Gower. Con. A. b. vii.

Then sayde Absalom vnto hym: se, thy matter is good and ryghteous, and yet no manne is deputed of the kyng to heare the.-Bible, 1551. 2 Kings, c. 15.

Now is it profytable and good, that we take hede, make search thereafter, and consydre, not only what hath happened vnto vs of olde: but the shamefull, vnhonest, and noysome thynges, that the debytyes haue now taken in hande before our eyes. Id. Esther, c. 16.

And yet he wyll be named like the lamb, and Christes deputie or vicar, and wyll haue all power as Christ hathe bothe in heauen and in earthe.-Udal. Reuelacion, c. 13.

I then delivered him the six broad pieces, and telling him, that I was deputed to blushe on your behalfe for the meannesse of the pressat &c. but he took me off, and said, he thanked you for it, and accepted it as a token of your kindnesse.-Marvell. Works, vol. i. p. 211.

Some few days after the Parliament was holden at Westminster begun by a deputative commission granted by the Queen to the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Treasurer, and the Earl of Derby, and that not without former precedents.-Camden. Queen Elizabeth, an. 1586.

And with a veile the iudge's eyes were hid,
Who should not see the partie but the cause:
God's deputies, which his tribunall reare,
Should have a patient, not a partiall eare.

Stirling. A Parænesis to Prince Henry.

This earle of Bedford as ambassador from the Queene of England, was sent to the Queene of Scots by waie of deputiship to present the person of his mistress.

Holinshed. History of Scotland, an. 1585.

The assembling of persons, deputed from people at great distances one from another, is trouble to them that are sent, and charge to them that send.

Sir W. Temple. Original and Nature of Government. We see others also in regard to their designment and deputation to offices of power and dignity, although indeed subordinate and inferior to those he received, to be entitled to be the sons of God-Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 21.

Our Saviour pleads our cause, and manages our affairs there; and the Holy Spirit, as his deputy and vicegerent, doth it here.-Sharp, vol. v. Dis. 2.

He thinks he believes, because he is pleased to take certain points of trust; and to be sure that something is right, of which he himself knows nothing, because another, whom he deputes to think for him, tells him that it is so. Hoadly. Works, vol. iii. Ser. 2. When I was at Apamea, some of the principal inhabitants of several different cities, complained to me of the excessive appointments that were decreed to their deputies; assuring me that their respective communities were by no means in a condition to support the assessments levied upon them for that purpose.-Melmoth. Cicero, b. iv. Let. 11.

DEQUACE, v. Mr. Tyrwhitt says, To shake down, as if from the Lat. Quatere, to shake. The A. S. Cwys-an, to quash, to crush, to bruise, to squeeze, seems to offer a more satisfactory etymology. Skinner says, q. Dequash. See QUASH.

And thus with s'eight shalte thou surmount and dequace the yuel in their heartes.-Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. i. Wherefore (as I sayd) with reason I think, thilk foresaid errours to distroy and dequace.-Id. Ib.

Her hedges euen pleach'd,

Like prisoners wildly ouer-growne with hayre,
Put forth disorder'd twigs: her fallow leas,
The darnell, hemlock, and ranke femetary,
Doth root vpon; while that the culter rusts,
That should deracinate such sauagery.

Shakespeare. Hen. V. Act v. sc. 2.

DERANGE, v. Į See ARRANGE, and DISARDERA'NGEMENT. RANGE. The word is modern; though Cotgrave uses desranged in interpreting the French part. desrangé.

to thrust out of his rank, put out of array; turn "Fr. Lesranger,-to disrank, disarray, disorder, out of order."

Whether the expence [fine apparel] great as it is, be the greatest evil; but whether this folly may not produce many other follies, an entire derangement of domestic life, absurd manners, neglect of duties, bad mothers, a general corruption of both sexes?-Berkeley. The Querist.

A casual blow, or a sudden fall, deranges some of our internal parts; and the rest of life is distress and misery. Blair, vol. iv. Ser. 18. Both these kinds of monopolies derange more or less the natural distribution of the stock of the society; but they do not always derange it in the same way. Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. iv. c. 7.

It is in the highest degrée improbable, and I know not, indeed, whether it hath ever been the fact, that the same derangement of the mental organs should seize different persons at the same time: a derangement, I mean, so much the same, as to represent to their imagination the same objects. Paley. Evidences, vol. i. c. 1. Prop. 2.

DERE. See DEAR.

DERELICT, n.
DERELICT, adj.
DERELICTION.

to leave.)

}

Lat. Derelinquere, derelictum, to forsake, to abandon, (de, re, and linquere,

Forsaken, abandoned, deserted, left destitute.

And therefore the affections, which these exposed or derelict children bear to their mothers, have no grounds of nature or assiduity, but civility and opinion.

Bp. Taylor. Great Exemplar, pt. i. Dis. 1.

And however such symbolical intimations receive their efficacy from the fancy of the contriver, yet here, whether this apparition [the dove] did intend any such morall repredoes dwell, there also peace and sanctity, meekness and sentment or no, it is certain that wherever the Holy Spirit charity, a mortified will, and an active dereliction of our desires do inhabite.-Id. Ib. pt. i. s. 9. Ad.

The state of idolaters is two ways miserable. First, in that which they worship they finde no succour, and secondly, at his hands whom they ought to serue, there is no other thing to be looked for, but the effects of most iust displeasure, the withdrawing of grace, dereliction in this world, and in the world to come confusion.

Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. v. § 17.

You must mean, without an explicite and particular repentance, and dereliction of their errors.

Chillingworth. Rel of Prot. Answer to the Pref. When I am a little disposed to a gay turn of thinking, I consider, as I was a derelict from my cradle, I have the honour of a lawful claim to the best protection in Europe. Savage. The Wanderer, c. 5. Note.

It was one of those subtile artifices of Julian the Apostate, to mingle the images of the heathen Gods with those of the emperors, that the doing reverence (as the Christians were commanded) to all together, might imply a dereliction and renouncing of their religion, and their simplicity seem impiety. Bates. Eternal Judgment, c. 5.

As those who joined with them in manning the vessels were the most directly opposite to his [Lord Chatham] DEQUANTITATE, v. See QUANTITY; and opinions, measures, and character, and far the most artful the example from Beattie,

This we affirm of pure gold; for that which is current, and passeth in stamp amongst us, by reason of its allay, which is a proportion of silver or copper mixed therewith, is actually dequantitated by fire, and possibly by frequent extinction.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. ii. c. 5.

Brown has words still more extraordinary, as feriation, for keeping holiday, dedentition for falling of teeth, dequantitate for diminish.

Beattie. Elements of Moral Science, pt. v. c. 1. s. 3. DERA'CINATE, v. Fr. Racine, a root; Lat. Radix, icis; radcina, racine. See Menage.

To root up, tear or cut up by the roots.

Frights, changes, horrors

Diuert, and cracke, rend and deracinale
The vnity, and married calme of states

Quite from their fixure.

Shakespeare. Troyl. & Cress. Act i. sc. 3. |

and most powerful of the set, they easily prevailed, so as to seize upon the vacant, unoccupied, and derelict minds of his friends; and instantly they turned the vessel wholly out of the course of his policy.-Burke. On American Taxation.

evil habits; a solemn return, on our part, to God and virtue, It [this holy sacrament] is a professed dereliction of former under the firm trust that God will, through Jesus Christ, show mercy to the frailties of the penitent.

DERIDE, v.
DERIDER.
DERIDINGLY.
DERI'SION.

DERI'SIVE.
DERI'SIVELY.
DERI'SORY.

Blair, vol. iii. Ser. 15.

It. Deridere; Lat. Deridere, (de, and ridere, to laugh.)

To laugh at; to mock or make a mockery of; to jeer, to scorn, to treat scornfully or jeeringly.

As in al tymes have the tyrants derided the Godly, whyls they pacietly waited for God's helpe.

Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 3.

But nowe they that are myne inferyours and younger than I, haue me in derision; yea, euen they whose fathers I would haue thoughte scorne to haue set with the dogges of my cattell.-Bible, 1551. Job, c. 30.

And in the same epistle deridinglie commendeth them, as wise men, that had rather lose their faith than their flocke. Fox. Martyrs, p. 635. Council of Basili.

But loe, the Gods, that mortall follies view,
Did worthilie revenge this maiden's pride;
And nought regarding her so goodly hew,
Did laugh at her, that many did deride.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. vi. c. 7. If Moses had told the Israelites, that Nilus had been a river of Paradise, they might justly have thought that he had derided them.

Ralegh. History of the World, b. i. c. 3. s. 14. When Diogenes fell into the school of the Stoicks; he answers his deriders, with this question: Why, do you laugh at me for falling backward, when you yourselves do retrograde your lives?-Feltham, pt. i. Res. 8.

And now and then

A tear or two, as in derision of
The toughness of his rugged temper, would
Fall on his hollow cheeks, which but once felt,
A sudden flash of fury did dry up.

Massinger. The Unnatural Combat, Act. ii. sc. I The Persians [were] thence called Magussæi derisively by other ethnicks.-Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 243.

Mr. Richard Cromwel, besides other reproachful language, asking him in a deriding manner, whether he would have him prefer none but those that were Godly? "Here, continued he, is Dick Ingoldsby, who can neither pray nor preach, and yet I will trust him before ye all."

Ludlow. Memoirs, vol. ii. p. 171.

Of all sorts of sinners, there is the least hopes of a prophane derider and scoffer at religion: other men may do as bad things, but they have something left within them which may in time reclaim them; but these cast off the very

means of reforming them.-Stillingfleet, vol. iii. Ser. 1.

The appellation of esquire is the most notoriously abused in this kind of any class amongst men, insomuch that it is become almost the subject of derision.-Tatler, No. 19. Meantime, o'er all the dome, they quaff, they feast, Derisive taunts were spread from guest to guest, And each in jovial mood his mate addresst.

Pope. Homer. Odyssey, b. ii. making shew of method. The comick or derisory manner, is further still from Shaftesbury. Advice to an Author, pt. ii. s. 2. Like the rake of antiquity, who mingled in the audience of a philosopher, with a design to ridicule him, but who was made a convert before his departure, many of the loose and profligate votaries of vice have been enticed by the music, afterwards reformed by the sermon, which they intended to slight, and perhaps had begun to deride.-Knox. Ess. No. 149.

British policy is brought into derision in those nations, that a while ago trembled at the power of our arms, whilst they looked up with confidence to the equity, firmness, and candour, which shone in all our negotiations. Burke. On the Present Discontents.

DERIVE, v.
DERIVABLE.
DERIVA'TION.
DERIVATIVE, adj.
DERIVATIVE, n.
DERIVATIVELY.

DERI'VEMENT.
DERIVER.
DERIVING, n.

Fr.Dériver; Sp. Derivar; It. Derivare; Lat. Derivare, (de, and rivus, from Pe-ew, to flow.) See the quotation from Holland's Livy.

To flow, or cause to flow from, or deflow; to flow down, to descend; to have the source or origin from, to rise or spring from; to take, draw or deduce the source or origin from; generally, to draw, to draw down, to drain, to deduce or educe. Also, to flow, to diffuse.

Wel may men knowen, but if he be a fool,
That every part deriveth from his hool.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 3008. dome of lyfe, are all men of God made righteous and parSo through the ryghteousnes of one, which is derived into all suche as beleue and submitte themselfe vnto the kyngtakers of the kyngdome of lyfe.-Udal. Romaines, c. 5.

Then went hee on still, and shewed what was the solemne and right manner of deriving the water. Holland. Livy, p. 190.

Ne henceforth be rebellious vnto loue,
That is the crowne of knighthood, and the band
Of noble minds derived from aboue:
Which being knit with virtue neuer will remoue.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 6. Nay, rather, how should those works which are constant and ordinary, and so consequently derivable to all succes sions to the end of the world, be imposed upor a mer extraordinary agent.

Bp. Hall. Episcopacy by Dirise Right, pt. ii. s 6.

But this kind of writing, which seems to be reformed, which is, that writing should be consonant to speaking, is branch of unprofitable subtelties; for pronunciation it selfe every day encreases and alters the fashion; and the derivation of words, especially from forrain languages, are utterly defac'd and extinguish't.

Bacon. On Learning, by G. Wats, b. vi. c. 5.

But created beings have but a derivative participation hereof [truth], their understandings being obscure, and they erring in many things, and being ignorant of more.

Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 720.

If therefore any humane constitution, as such, can bind the conscience, it must be of such instances which either are derivatives from the law of nature, or of things which before the law did bind at all, that is, of things which in their own nature are indifferent.

Bp. Taylor. Rule of Conscience, b. iii. c. 1.

It is certain, and affirmed by all antiquity upon many grounds of Scripture, That Adam sinned, and his sin was personally his, but derivatively ours; that is, it did great hurt to us, to our bodies directly, to our souls indirectly and accidentally. Id. On Repentance, c. 7. s. 1.

For our experiments are onely such as do ever ascend a degree to the deriving of causes and extracting of axiomes. Bacon. Naturall History, §. 176.

I offer these derivements from these subjects, to raise our affections upward.

Montague. Devoute Essayes, pt. ii. Treat. 4. s. 4. These grounds have not any patent passages, whereby to derive water and fatness from the river. Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 408. Resume your ancient care; and if the God Your sire, and you, resolve on foreign blood: Know all are foreign, in a larger sense, Not born your subjects, or deriv'd from hence.

Dryden. Virgil. Eneid, b. vii.

I might add to all the past dissuasives, the ill repute that curses gain a man amongst the most scrupulous and preciser sort of people, who, judging,of the greatness of the vice by the smallness of the advantage that is derivable from it, will hardly believe him to be the owner of much piety, that will slight it upon so little a temptation.

Boyle. Works, vol. vi. p. 32.

Derivation [of humours] is always made in the remove parts, and according to the rectitude of the vessels, either by opening a vein by lancet, or by the application of leeches, &c. Wiseman. Surgery, b. ii. c. 1.

The Scripture, in declaring the Son's derivation from the Father, never makes mention of any limitation of time; but always supposes and affirms him to have existed with the Father from the beginning and before all worlds.

Clarke. On the Trinity, pt. ii. s. 15.

But I think the words should rather be rendered, the antientest of all derivative beings, for so the word [onuoupnual may be understood in a larger sense.-Id. Ib. s. 14. Such an one to be sure, it is that makes a man, not only (according to the Apostle's phrase) a partner of other men's sins, but also a deriver of the whole entire guilt of them to himself: and yet so, as to leave the committer of them as full of guilt as he was before.-South, vol. ii. Ser. 6.

If they mean that a contempt of these miracles, which they would persuade us to believe, would necessarily derive the same contempt on history itself, all experience has shown the contrary; for though there have deen doubters and contemners of such miracles in all ages, yet history has maintained its grounds through them all.

Middleton. An Enquiry into the Miraculous Powers, &c. The Apostle, in the preceding verse, had warned Timothy against giving heed to fables and endless genealogies: meaning by genealogies, the derivation of angelic and spiritual natures according to a fantastic system, invented by the oriental philosophers, and thence adopted by some of the Grecian sects.-Hurd, vol. vi. Ser. 8.

Since the disciples of this new and great high priest become righteous in him, and are by the spirit conformed to his image, the character which essentially and inherently belongs only to him, will derivatively belong to them also, who must follow his steps below, if they would reign with him above.-Horne. Commentary on Psalm 15.

DERN, adj. A. S. Durran, occultare, to DERNFUL. - hide, to conceal, to secrete. See DERNFULLY. DARN.

Hidden, secreted, concealed. Used, consequentially,

Solitary, lonely, sad, dismal, melancholy, mournful, lamentable.

Tho he hadde the kyng in priuete al clene at ys wille,
Sire, he seide of derne cas ich wol the warre stille.
R. Gloucester, p. 114.
Tho thys holy man ymartred was, hii, that hym ther
brogte to.

By thogte how hii mygte best myd the holy body do.
Iii porueyde an derne stude, & ther inne yt caste,
Vyllyche & styllelyche, & bured yt ther vaste.-Id. p. 289.

For that derne dede. do no man sholde

Bot wedded men with wyves. as holy writ telleth.
Piers Plouhman, p. 181.
And also Dominikes dedes weren dernelich yvsed.
Id. Crede.
Ye mosten be ful derne as in this cas.
Chaucer. The Milleres Tale, v. 3297.
For loue is of him selfe so derne.-Gower. Con. A. b. i.
Gow. By many a dearn and painful perch
Of Pericles the careful search
Is made.

Shakespeare. Pericles, Act iii. Chorus.
Next stroke him should haue slaine
Had not the lady which by him stood bound
Dernely vnto her called to abstaine,
From doing him to dye.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 12. At last, as chaunc't them by a forest side To pass, (for succour from the scorching ray) They heard a rueful voice, that dearnly cride With piercing shriekes, and many a dolefull lay.

Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 1.

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DEROGATE, v.
DEROGATE, adj.
DE'ROGATELY.

DEROGATION.
DEROGATIVE.
DERO'GATORY.

DERO'GATORILY.

Lat. Derogare, atum; (de, and rogare, from Gr. Opeyew, to stretch, to reach after; and thus, to seek, to ask, to demand.) Rogare legem proferre, abrogare cum tollitur, derogare,

si pars tollatur, (Vossius.) See ABROGATE. And Festus, Derogare, propriè est, cum quid ex lege vetere, quo minus fiat, sancitur lege novâ. Derogare ergo detrahere est.-To derogate, then, is

To take or detract, (sc.) from any thing established by law or otherwise; to deduct from, lessen or diminish the authority, the reputation; to degrade, disparage, debase.

And neither willeth he, nor may not doe any thinge including repugnaunce, imperfection, or that should derogate, minish or hurt his glory & his name. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1121. The Cardinall of Winchester, whiche at this time would haue no man to hym egall, commaunded the Duke of Bedforde to leaue of the name of Regent, duryng the tyme that the kyng was in Fraunce: affirmyng the chief ruler beyng in presence, the authoritie of the substitute was clerely derogate.-Hall. Hen. VI. an. 10.

Than ye stryfe was renewed, which Lamfranke before, as ye haue harde in the iii. chapitre of Wyllyam Conqueroure, dyd appeace, & was brought i argumet before the Pope, the whiche, at the Kynges request, promysed yt he wolde nothynge do nor ordeyn yt shulde be derogacion to the Archebysshop of Canterbury, or to the dygnytie of his churche. Fabyan, vol. i. c. 228. Oft (that he thus the world may more amaze) Weake instruments worke wonderfull effects: That, due to him, none may usurpe one thought, Nor from his glory derogate in ought.-Stirling. Jonathan. Into her wombe conuey stirrility, Drie up in her the organs of increase, And from her derogate body, neuer spring

A babe to honor her.-Shakespeare. Lear, Act i. sc. 4.
More laught at, that I should

Once name you derogately: when to sound your name It not concern'd me.-Id. Antony & Cleopatra, Act ii. sc. 2. There is none so much carried with a corrupt mind, nor so enuious of his countries honour, nor so bent against you, that he will derogate the praise and honour due to so worthie an enterprise.-Iolinshed. Ireland, Ep. Ded. by Hooker.

The last week I heard of a play the Jesuits of Antwerp made, in derogation, or rather in derision of the proceedings of the Prince Palsgrave.-Howell, b. i. s. 2. Let. 16.

It may rationally be presumed, that I had been a very senseless fool, if ever I had been for promoting such an authority and interest over me, as levelled all, and was so totally destructive to all that differenced myself and other noblemen, from their own vassals, which many say I was too earnest in, yea, it being absurdly derogative to all true nobility.-State Trials. The Marquis of Argyle, an. 1661. Nor have my actions been derogatory, Unto my clients profit, or the glory Of this renowned court, and therefore I Now humbly beg to be at liberty.

Brome. To the Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench.

He was of a high rough spirit, and spake derogatorily of Sir Amias Paulet.

Aubrey. Of Cardinal Wolsey, Anec. 2. p. 187. There is no room therefore to object, that we derogate from the majesty of the Father; seeing that whatever majesty we shall ascribe to the Son must ail redound to the magnifying of the power of him, who begat a Son of such divinity and majesty.-Clarke. On the Trinity, pt. ii. s. 45.

I hope it is no derogation to the Christian religion, to say that the fundamentals of it, i. e. all that is necessary to be believed in it by all men, is easy to be understood by all men.-Locke. Of the Reasonableness of Christianity, &c.

So vain are the cavils of those who say, we have nothing but meer probabilities for our faith, and do interpret that manner of proof which matters of fact are capable of, in a sense derogatory to the firmness of our Christian faith. Stillingfleet, vol. i. Ser. 5. Let no one imagine that in the religious part of this character there is any thing which casts over it a gloomy shade, or derogates from that esteem which men are generally disposed to yield to exemplary virtues.-Blair, vol. iii. Ser. 1.

False; because their breviaries and litanies shew, that they supplicate the saints to befriend them by their own inherent power, or to intercede for them to the throne of God by virtue of their own personal merits, in blasphemous derogation to the all-atoning and incommunicable intercession of Jesus.-Hurd, vol. v. Ser. 11.

DERRING, in Spenser, seems plainly to mean Daring.

So from immortal race he does proceed

That mortall hands may not withstand his might, Drad for his derring doe and bloudy deed;

For all in bloud and spoile is his delight.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 4. One day, when all the troupe of warlike wooers Assembled were, to weet whose she should bee; All mightie men, and dreadful derring doers (The harder it to make them well agree) Amongst them all this end he did decree.-Id. Ib. b. iv. From thence I durst in derring to compare With shepheards swaine, whateuer fed in field. Id. Shepheard's Calendar. December.

DE'SCANT, v. DE'SCANT, n. DESCA'NTING, n.

Fr. Deschanter; It. Biscantare; Sp. Discantar.

says, is now called variation in musick; and the subject varied was called the plain song or ground. The word is formed upon the Lat. Cantare, to sing or chant. (See CHANT.) As generally applied

To touch or treat upon, to discourse upon various topics, different heads or divisions of a subject. To discourse, make remarks or observations.

And with wresting of Scripture vnto their owne purpose, contrary vnto the processe, order, and meaning of the text, [they] would so delude them in deskanting vpon it with allegoryes, and amaze them, expounding it in many sences layed before the vnlearned laye people, that though thou felt yet couldest thou not solue their subtile ryddells. in thy heart, and were sure that all were false that they sayd,

Tyndall. Works. Life. In somuch that twenty doctours expounde one text xx. wayes, as children make descant vpon playne song. Id. Ib. p. 168. For, otherwise, it had been very unequally provided that upon the descanting and flourishes of affected speeches, a man's life shouid be brought into danger and extremity. State Trials. Edmund Campion. an. 1581.

Once, when this match was at a point,
They, merrily disposed,

Did descant what from vulgar tongues
Thereof would be supposed.

Warner. Albion's England, b. vi. c. 29.

So I at each sad strain will strain a tear,
And with deep groans the diapason bear;
For burthen-wise I'll hum on Tarquin still,
While thou on Tereus descant'st, better skill.

Shakespeare. Rape of Lucrece.
Andi. Lingua, thou strikest too much upon one string,
Thy tedious plain-song grates my tender ears.
Lin. 'Tis plain indeed, for truth no descant needs.
Brewer. Lingua, Act i. sc. 1.

I soon discovered the malady, and descanted on the nature of it, till I convinc'd both the patient and his nurse, that the spleen is not to be cured by medicine, but by poetry. Tatler, No. 47.

Let every sober, humble, and discreet Christian therefore be advised to dread all tampering with the mysteries of our faith, either by any new, and unwarrantable explications of them, or descants upon them.-South, vol. iii. Ser. 6.

The scene is so fatally altered, that I can scarce restrain myself from giving vent to a just indignation, in severe complaints: but an historian must tell things truly as they are, and leave the descanting on them to others.

Burnet. Own Time, an 1718,

[blocks in formation]

DESCEND, v.
DESCENDANT, or
DESCENDENT, n.
DESCENDIBLE.
DESCENDIBILITY.
DESCENDING, n.
DESCENSION.
DESCENSIONAL.
DESCE'NSORY.
DESCENT.

Fr. Déscendre; Sp. De-
scender;
It. Discendere ;
Lat. Descendere, (de, and
scandere, to climb.)

To climb down; gene-
rally, to come or go down;
to fall or drop down; to
move or go from higher
to lower, on a slope, to or
towards the bottom.

To move or flow downwards; to be derived or deduced from, to follow in succession of time, (sc.) from generation to generation.

Descendent, though from descendens, is not uncommonly written -ant.

Gour wrath him forgyue, the trespas to amend,
In pes with gow to lyue, & at gour conseil descend.
R. Brunne, p. 134.

Alle that Leulyn held lond and tenement,
Holy to haf the scheld thorgh heritage descend.

But the torrent was too strong to be resisted by any direct
strength he could raise against it, and therefore he resolv'd
to endeavour to diuide and reduce them by the most gracious
descending to their pretended fears and apprehensions.
Clarendon. Civil War, vol. i. p. 370.

We hear these accents in an awful sound:
Ye valiant sons of Troy, the land that bore
Your mighty ancestors to light before,
Once more their great descendants shall embrace.
Dryden. Virgil. Eneid, b. lii.
Which was, from the beginning, a very plain declaration,
that God did not principally intend his promise, to take
place in Abraham's descendents according to the flesh; but in
those who, by a faith or fidelity like his, were in a truer and
higher sense the children and followers of that great father

of the faithful.-Clarke. On the Evidences, Prop. 14.

As every motion is bounded with two periods and terms;
the one relinquished, the other to be acquired by it; so in
Christ's descension we are to consider both the place from
which it did commence, and the place to which it did pro-
ceed: The place from whence, we are told, was heaven.
South, vol. vii. Ser. 1.
Muse, raise thy voice to Beaufort's spotless fame,
To Beaufort, in a long descent derived
From royal ancestry, of kingly rights
Faithfull asserters.

J. Philips. Cider, b. i.

I ask by what natural sagacity did the patriarch foresee
that Shem's family, rather than any branch of the other
two, should retain the knowledge and worship of Jehovah?
that the condition of slavery should be fixed upon a particu-
lar branch of Ham's descendants.
Id. p. 243.
Bp. Horsley, vol. ii. Ser. 17.

And sythen his blessed body was in a stone byried
And descended a doun to the derk helle.
Piers Plouhman. Crede.
For swifter course cometh thing yt is of wight
When it discendeth than don thingis light.
Chaucer. Troilus, b. ii.

Ransake yet we would if we might
Of this worde the true orthographie
The verie discent of ethimologie.-Id. Remedie of Loue.

And sondry vessels made of earthe and glas,
Our urinales, and our descensories,
Viols, croslettes, and sublimatories.

Id. The Chanones Yemannes Tale, v. 16,260.

To be briefe, where it is sayde: he ascended, doth it not consequently folowe, that he before descended? And there is no descension but from aboue: so that the descencion is before, and the ascension after.-Udal. Ephesians, c. 4.

This descending of the heuenly citie Jerusalem or holy Chrysten churche sygnifieth the comon felowshyp and participacion of the churche triumphant that reygnyth in victory, with the churche mylytant, that contyneweth and remaineth in battel and warefare.-Id. Reuelacion, c. 21.

Therefore it shall not bee farre from our purpose to examine the first originall of these blacke men, and howe by a lincall discent they haue hitherto continued thus blacke. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 52.

At length, when most in perrill it was brought
Two angels downe descending with swift flight,
Out of the swelling streame it lightly caught,
And twixt their blessed armes it carried quight,
Aboue the reach of any liuing sight.

Spenser. The Ruins of Time.

If there had been yet an absolute necessity of visible intellectual creatures, to be participants of his goodness, and the active instruments of his glory; the same power that created men at first, could have created a new generation of men, that might have supplied the defection of our first parents and their descendants.

Hale. Cont. Of the Knowledge of Christ Crucified. Against these descendents the church doth not press the canon-law, though against the former sort it did, and had just cause given so to doe.

Hammond. Works, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 593.

There shall your lordships also find us to insist upon laws not inflicting penalties upon offenders. in malis prohibitis, but laws declarative or positive, conferring or confirming, ipso facto, an inherent right and interest of liberty and freedom in the subjects of this realm, and as their birth rights and inheritance descendable to their heirs and posterity.

State Trials. Liberty of the Subject, an. 1628.

So pure an innocent as that same lambe,
She was in life and euery vertuous lore,
And by descent from royall lineage came
Of ancient kings and queens.

Spenser, Faerie Queene, b. i. c. I.
So growing great through arrogant delight,
Of th' high descent, whereof he was yborne,
And through presumption of his matchlesse might
All other powres and knighthood he did scorne.

Id. Ib. b. i. c. 7. Of these kind of men are the civil officers of this government generally composed, being descended of families who have many times been constantly in the magistracy of their native towns for many years, and some for several ages.

Sir W. Temple. On the United Provinces, c. 4.

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Or lastly, whether it only means that, in general, those who take by the name of heirs, must take in the capacity of heirs, that is by descent; and consequently, that their ancestor must have a descendible estate.

Sir W. Jones. Commentary on Isæus.

And therefore, as the English laws still remained in force,
he must necessarily take the crown subject to those laws,
and with all its inherent properties; the first and principal
of which was its descendibility.
Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 3.

The united provinces having ordered public prayer to God,
when they feared that the French and English fleets would
make a descent upon their coasts, it came to pass, that when
these fleets only waited for the tide to land their smaller
vessels, it was retarded, contrary to its usual course, for
twelve hours.-Jortin. Remarks on Eccles. History.

DESCRIBE, v.
DESCRIBABLE.
DESCRIBER.
DESCRIPTION.
DESCRIPTIVE.

Written by old writers, Descrive. Ít. Descrivere; Sp. Describir; Lat. Describere, (de, and scribere, to write, to grave.)

To write, to mark out, to trace out, to delineate,
to depicture; to define, trace or mark out the
boundaries; to present or represent the likeness
or similarity.

Tho this August hadde y be emperour two & fourti ger,
He let make a descriuing, that ymad nas neuer er.
R. Gloucester, p. 60.
Thanne cam Covetyse ich can nat hym discryve
So hongerliche and so holwe.-Piers Plouhman, p. 97.
And it was don in tho dayes, a maundement wente out
fro the Emperour August, that al the worlde schulde be
discryued [describi]. This first discryuyng [descriptio] was
mad of Cyryn Justise of Syrye.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 2.

Who could tell all or fully discrive
His wo, his plaint, his languor, and his pine:
Nat all the men that han or been on liue.
Chaucer. Troilus, b. v.

Now to the temple of Diane the chaste
As shortly as I can I wol me haste,
To tellen you of the descriptioun.

1d. The Knightes Tale, v. 2055.
And the me departed & walked thorow the lande, and
described it by cities into seuen parts in a boke.
Bible, 1551. Joshua, c. 23.
Diligence also must be used in keepyng truly the order
of tyme; and describyng lyuely both the site of places and
nature of persons, not only for the outward shape of the
body, but also for the inward disposition of the mynde.
Ascham. Discourse of Germany.

The descrubers of yt primatiue church, Egesippus & Euse-
bius, maketh no maner of mencion of that prestysh vowe of
yours. Bale. Apology, fol. 18.

And when they be ashamed of all theyr workes, then
shewe theym the fourme and fashyon of the temple: the
commynge in, the goynge oute, all the maner and descrip-
cyon thereof.-Bible, 1551. Ezechiel, c. 43.

How shall fraile pen discriue her heauenly face
For feare through want of skill her beautie to disgrace.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 3.

Yet indeed the ignorance, growing from distance of place, allows not such liberty to a describer, as that which ariseth from the remediless oblivion of consuming time.

Ralegh. History of the World, b. ii. c. 23.

By strange descriptions mystically showne,
He figur' forth the state of every age.

Stirling. Doomes-day. Eighth Houre.

In all which description there is no one passage which does not speak something extraordinary and supernatural of the person described, and withal represent the describer [Isaiah] of it in the highest degree of extasy and rapture. South, vol. iií. Ser. 9.

Keill has reckoned up, in the human body, four hundred
and forty-six muscles, dissectible and describable; and hath
assigned a use to every one of the number.
Paley. Natural Theology, c. 9.

Here then the Muse, tho' perfect beauty towers
Above the reach of her descriptive powers,
Yet will she strive some leading rules to draw
From sovereign nature's universal law.

Sir J. Reynolds. Art of Painting, v. 92.

DESCRY', v. Dut. Schreyer; Ger. Schreier; DESCRY', n. Sw. Skria, to cry out, to vociDESCRIER. ferate. A. S. Schrewing, a cryDESCRYING, N. ing out, a shrieking." Skry, Scotch, is of common occurrence in G. Douglas; and the Glossarist says, “The word is frequently used on the Scottish border for cry: as to skry a fair; to proclaim it." The Fr. Descrier, décrier, is applied as the Eng. Decry, i. e. to cry down. (See ASCRY.) Skinner says, Descry is, in common speech, merely to detect; properly, to detect, discover or make known by a loud cry; a cry of Such for instance as tho Joy or encouragement. Italiam, Italiam, of the comrades of Eneas; an The Sea, The Sea, of the soldiers of Xenophot (Anab. lib. iv.) And thus, generally, to descry, is

To act as scout, as spy, (watching the enemy for instance, and crying or proclaiming their approach;) to spy into, investigate or examine, detect or discover.

Thus yourselfe your counsail may descrie,
Make priuy to your deling as few as ye may,
For iii. may kepe counsel if twain be away.

Chaucer. Balade. Secretnesse.

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O yes! if any happy eye

This roving wanton shall descry;
Let the finder surely know,
Mine is the wag; 'tis I that owe
The winged wand'rer, and that none
May think his labour vainly gone,
The glad descrier shall not miss
To taste the nectar of a kiss
From Venus' lips.-Crashaw. Cupid's Crier.

Edg. But by your fauour:

How neere's the other army?

Gent. Neere, and on speedy foot: the maine desery Stands on the hourely thought.

Shakespeare. King Lear, Act iv. sc. 6. Antonius caused to be fortified with bastilions, one placed so neere to another, as trumpets being appointed in each of them, the sound might be heard betwixt to warne one another vpon the first descrieng of the enimies approach. Holinshed. History of Scotland. Donald.

Lucullus took one of the greatest of them [boats], put it in a cart, and so carried it to the sea, and there put as many souldiers in her as she could well carry, who by night entered into the city, the skout of the enemies never discrying thein. North. Plutarch, p. 426

Through this we pass, and round the tow'r from whence
With unavailing arms the Trojans make defence.
From this the trembling king had oft descry'd
The Grecian camp, and saw their navy ride.

Dryden. Virgil. Eneid bit For now, saith he, we know only in part, and we prophecy in part. Now we see through a glass darkly, as fou ev OTPOU] through a descrying-glass, which makes some sinal and imperfect discovery of things at a great distance. Clarke, vol. i. Ser. 113.

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