As one, descrying in the woodland heights

A dreadful serpent, at the sight recoils,
His limbs quake under him, his ruddy cheeks
Turn deadly pale, he flies, he disappears.

DE SECRATE, v. Į DESECRATION. unhallowed, profaned.

Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. iii.

Fr. Désacrer, to unhallow. Lat. Desecratus, See CONSECRATE.

For it cannot with decency be imagined, that the most holy vessel, which was once consecrated to be a receptacle of the Deity, should afterwards be desecrated and prophaned by human use.-Bp. Bull, vol. i. Ser. 4.

When animosities break forth, and contentions are raised in the church, "fire is cast into the sanctuary;" when the soul sinks under a temptation, the dwelling-place of God's name is desecrated to the ground. Horne. On the Psalms, Ps. 74.

Having with great concern, observed that various profanations of the sabbath have of late years been evidently gaining ground among us, so as to threaten a gradual deseeration of that holy day, I must very earnestly request you to exert your utmost efforts within the precincts of your parishes that are committed to your care, to counteract, as much as possible, the progress of this alarming evil.

Porteus. On the Profanation of the Lord's Day.

DESERT, v. DE'SERT, n. DESERT, adj. DESERTER, Or DESERTOR. DESERTION.

DESERTNESS.

DESERTRICE.

(Vossius.)

Fr. Déserter; Sp. Desertar; It. Disertare; Lat. Deserere, desertum, (de, and serere; Gr. Ep-ew, to knit, to join.) And deserere properly denotes-id quod prius connexum pro derelicto habere. To disjoin what was before connected,

To disjoin, to dissever, to sunder or separate from; to depart from, forsake, quit, leave or abandon.

A desert,-(frequently, though improperly, written desart,) any place deserted, forsaken, quitted, left or abandoned, (sc.) by all inhabitants, settlers, &c. And, therefore

A wilderness, a wild, waste, untilled, uncultivated or uninhabited place.

The decyples, that he hyder sonde, Cristendom to brynge, Byleuede in a wyldernesse, after prechynge, That me cleputh now Glastynbury, that desert was tho. R. Gloucester, p. 232. As it is wrytun in the book of the wordis of Isaye the profete, the voys of a crier in desert, make ye redy the waye of the Lord, make ye his pathis right.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 3.

And whanne Jhesus had herde this thing, he wente out fro thennis in a boot into disert place bisidis. Id. Matthew, c. 14. Thou were that one shepe emongs the hundred, [which] were lost in desart, and out of the waye had erred, and now to the flocke art restored.

Chaucer. The Testament of Loue, b. i.

This knight the two pilers of brass,
The whiche yet a man maye fynde,

Set vp in the deserte of Inde.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv.

And when the daye was now farre spent, his disciples came vnto him, saying: this is a deserte place, and now the day is farre passed, let them depart.

Bible, 1551. Mark, c. 7. What flying of her company and desertnes, when euery mother will keepe not only their daughters, but also their sonnes from the inspection of such an vnthrifty maid.

Vives. The Instruction of a Christian Woman, b. i. c. 7. The desertnesse of the countrey lying waste & saluage, did nothing feare them from coming to him.-Udal. Luke, c. 5.

Hadst thou before thy flight but left with me
A young Æneas, who, resembling thee,
Might in my sight have sported, I had then
Not wholly lost, nor quite deserted been.

Denham. The Passion of Dido for Æneas.

The seuen holie ilands are desert and breed nothing but a kind of wild sheepe which are often hunted, but seldom or neuer eaten.-Holinshed. Description of Britaine, c. 10. Neither could Moses forget the length of the way through those discomfortable desarts wherein himself and Israel had wandered 40 years.

Ralegh. History of the World, b. ii. c. 4. s. 2. Meanwhile this youth like a poor shepherd clad, (Of whom such care the God of Israel had) His father's flock was following day by day Upon a desert near at hand that lay.

Sleep hath forsook and giv'n me o'er

To death's benumbing opium as my only cure:
Thence faintings, swoonings of dispair,

And sense of heaven's desertion.-Millon. Samson Agon. "Twere easie and prone (and not at all improbable) for us to glide insensibly into all rebellions and impieties, to swear

fealty to Satan, that hath entertain'd us so hospitably, and suddenly to engage so deep under his colours, that there would be no retiring with honour, no returning to God without being infamous, without undergoing the brand of apostates from Satan, of a kind of fodi-fragi, covenantbreakers, and desertors.-Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 534.

Cleave to a wife, but let her be a wife, let her be a meet help, a solace, not a nothing, not an adversary, not a

desertrice.-Milton. Tetrachordon.

When churls rebel against their native prince,
I arm their hands, and furnish the pretence;
And, housing in the lion's hateful sign,
Bought senates and deserting troops are mine.
Dryden. Palamon & Arcile.

Tell her that's young,
And shuns to have her graces spy'd,
That hadst thou sprung

In deserts where no men abide,
Thou must have uncommended dy'd.-Waller. Song.

But rough, in open air he chose to lye;
Earth was his couch, his cov'ring was the sky.
On hills unshorn, or in a desart den,
He shunn'd the dire society of men.

Dryden. Virgil. Eneid, b. xi.

Slaves, who before did cruel masters serve,
May flie to desarts, and in freedom starve.
The noblest part of liberty they loose,
Who can but shun, and want the power to choose.
Id. The Rival Ladies, Act iv. sc. 1.

No more excuses or delays: I stand
In arms prepar'd to combat, hand to hand,
The base deserter of his native land.

Id. Virgil. Eneid, b. xii. Neither surely was it any other cause than excess of love,

which made that temporary desertion [by God] so grievous and bitter to him, extorting from his most meek and patient heart that wooful complaint, My God, My God, why hast thou forsaken me.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 23.

Moses fasted in the desert forty days and nights before he gave the law: so did Elias, the restorer of the law; and so did Christ before he entered into his ministry.

Jortin. Remarks on Ecclesiastical History. When I questioned the petty officer concerning what had happened on shore, he told me, that neither the natives who went with him, nor those whom they met on their way, would give them any intelligence of the deserters. Cook. Voyages, vol. i. b. i. c. 16.

It being no uncommon thing to see malefactors die stupid and senseless, and go out of the world as wickedly as they have lived in it; and what can this be attributed to, but to the desertion of God's Holy Spirit, which will not always strive with sinners, but sometimes leaves them to perish in the hardness of their hearts.-Sherlock. On Death, Dis. 24.

DESERVE, v. DESERVEDLY. DESERVEDNESS. DESERVER. DESERVING, N. DESERVINGLY. DESERT, n. DESERTFULL.

DESE'RTLESS.

DESERTLESSLY.

or ill.

Desert,-formed from the past part. deserved, deserv'd, desert.

He, that mygtuol ys Dethe [doth] after oure deserte.-R. Gloucester, p. 253. I herd neuer telle, for what maner discert.

R. Brunne, p. 316. Thei asken hure huyre. [their hire] er thei hit have deservede.-Piers Plouhman, p. 53.

The best and greatest of valour
Didden Richesse full great honour,
And busie weren her to serue,
For that they would her loue deserue.

Chaucer. The Rom. of the Rose.
Thus wicked tong, God yeve him shame,
Can put hem euerichone in blame

Without desert and causelesse.-Id. Ib.

For they haue pryuily layed theyr net to destroye me without a cause, yea and made a pytte for my soule, whiche I neuer deserued.—Bible, 1551. Psalm 35.

For more is to be done for ye deseruour than for the exactour, more for the louyng maister than imperious comaundyng maister.-Udal. 1 Timothye, e 6.

521

But this we must desire of his highness, and of your goodness, that you would not require more from us, by reason of his majesty's great deservings of us, than we can without offending God perform; and then you may assure yourselves of all the good offices which can be expected from us.-Slate Trials. Divorce of Catharine of Arragon, an. 1528. It cannot be, but this so great desart

In basest breast doth breede thus due regarde, With worlde of thankes, to praise this friendly part And wish that woorth mought pay a iust rewarde. E. C. in Prayse of Gascoigne's Posies. For-thy great wonder were it, if such shame Should ever enter in his bountious thought, Or euer doe that mote deseruen blame: The noble courage neuer weeneth ought, That may vnworthy of itselfe be thought.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 2. The valiant Cecil last, for great employment fit, Deservedly in war the lat'st of ours that rose; Whose honour euery hour, and fame still greater grows. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 18.

And this disposition ariseth out of two things: first, a thorough conviction of a man's sins, and the offence to God in them, and obnoxiousness and deservedness to be destroyed for them.-Goodwin. Works, vol. i. pt. iii. p. 170.

Besides this, to Elwes your majesty has given an estate, (which is a greater gift than life, because it extends to posterity,) who was the worst deserver in this business.

State Trials. Murderers of Sir T. Overbury, an. 1616. Then Sir John Bushie stept foorth, and made request on the behalfe of the communaltie, that it might please the king's highnesse for their heinous acts attempted against his lawes and roiall maiestie, to appoint them punishment according to their deseruings.-Holinshed. Rich. II. an. 1397.

Is this the joy of armes? be these the parts Of glorious knighthood, after bloud to thirst And not regard due rights and iust desarts?

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 2

Till I be more desertful in your eye;
And till my duty shall make known, I honour ye,
Noblest of women, do me but this favour,
To accept this back again, as a poor testimony.
Beaum. & Fletch. Wild Goose Chase, Act iv. sc. 6
He shew'd his generous spirit; all the town
Speak nobly of him, pity him and pray for him;
And, were he not desertful, by this time
The general vote had hang'd him.

Anonymous. The Gamester, Act ii.
If mine [friend] be but so wise, and apprehensive,
As my opinion gives him to my heart,

It stayes not long on thy desertless arme. Beaum. & Fletch. Wit at several Weapons, Act iii. sc. 1. Bac. But now people will call you valiant, desertlessly I think, yet for their satisfaction I will have you fight with me.-Id. Ib. A King and no King, Act iii.

If these words seem not decent enough, I will make no other apology, but that I use them because I cannot find worse for as they are the worst of men, so they deserve the worst of language.-Burnet. Own Time, vol. iv. Conclusion. If we speak of our desert, that is death, death is the only wages we have all deserved.—Bp. Beveridge, vol. ii. Ser. 90.

And in all his illness, which lasted some yeers, she [the queen] would never leave his bed; but sat up, sometimes half the night, in the bed by him, with such care and concern, that she was looked on, very deservedly, as a pattern in

this respect.-Burnet. Own Time, an. 1708.

But after-days, my friend, must do thee right,
And set thy virtues in unenvy'd light,
Fame due to vast desert is kept in store,
Unpaid, till the deserver is no more.

Congreve. To Sir Godfrey Kneller. Among all the ancient records in the Exchequer. Doomesday book is deservedly of the greatest reputation and value. Priestley. On History, Lect. 31.

But where there is moisture enough, or superfluous, there wine helpeth to disgest, and desiccate the moisture. Bacon. Nat. Hist. § 727. They speak much of the elementary quality of siccity, or drienesse: and of things dessicating. Id. Ib. The History of Life and Death And it is well to be noted, that the pneumatical substance is in some bodies, the native spirit of the body; and in some other, plain air that is gotten in, as in bodies desiccate, by heat or age.-Id. Ib. § 842. 3 X

Desiccation or consumption, in the process thereof, is finished by three actions; and all these (as was said before) have their original from the native spirit of bodies. Bacon. The History of Life and Death.

All those authors that have written of mineral waters, do generally agree, that they are of a desiccative or drying nature. Ferrand. Love of Melancholy (1640.) p. 358.

We endeavour by moderate detergents & desiccants, to cleanse and dry the diseased parts.

DESIDERATE, v. DESIDERATE, adj. DESIDERABLE.

DESIDERATIVE.

DESIDERATUM.
DESIDERY.

Wiseman. Surgery, b. viii. c. 5.

Pra-siderare cum maturiùs hiberna tempestas movetur, quasi ante sideris tempus. Gr. Προ-χειμαζειν ; sic desiderare, sit ano-xeluage, cum sideris tempus desit; unde desiderari dicuntur quæ desunt:whence those things are said to be desiderated or desired, which are wanting, (Festus.) See Vossius, in v. Sidus. Pliny speaks at large, (lib. xviii. c. 26,) of the different stars, which mark or announce to the husbandman the approach and progress of the different seasons.

To look anxiously for, to wish, seek for or covet, (sc.) any thing deficient or wanting; any thing whose coming promises good, (sc.) as certain stars or constellations to the husbandmen.

Desideratum is in common use.

My name is True loue-of cardinal desidcry.

the very exemplary. Chaucer. Ballade. Craft of Louers.

So these are the parts which in the knowledge of medicine, touching the cure of diseases, are desiderate.

Bacon. On Learning, by G. Wats, b. iv. c. 2.

Having acquired our end, if any way, or under any name, we may obtain a work so much desired, and yet desiderated of truth.-Brown. Vulgar Errours. To the Reader.

And most men verily are of the same nature, passing good and desiderable things.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 124.

You may readily understand what I mean, when you meet with any particulars delivered as thoughts, or desiderata, or wishes tending to, or aiming at the improvement of medicine. Boyle. Works, vol. v. p. 584.

The verbs, called deponent, desiderative, frequentative, inceptive, &c. need not be considered here, being found in some languages only, and therefore not essential to speech.

Beattie. Elements of Moral Science, pt. i. c. 1. s. 3 Pencils of light, passing through glass lenses, are separated into different colours, thereby tinging the object, especially the edges of it, as if it were viewed through a prism. To correct this inconvenience had been long a desideratum in that art.-Paley. Natural Theology, c. 3.

DESIDIOUSNESS. Lat. Desidia, desidiosus, a desidendo, id est, valde sedendo; sitting too much. Slothfulness, idleness, carelessness.

Now the Germans perceiving our desidiousness and negligence, do send daily young scholars hither, that spoileth them [ancient authors] and cutteth them out of libraries, returning home and putting them abroad as monuments of their own country, &c.

Leland, to Secretary Cromwell, in Wood's Athena.

DESIGN, v.
DESIGN, n.
DESIGNABLE.

DE'SIGNATE, v.
DE'SIGNATE, adj.
DESIGNATION.

DESIGNEDLY.
DESIGNER.
DESIGNFULNESS, n.
DESIGNING, n.

DESIGNLESS.

DESIGNLESSLY.

DESIGNMENT.

A very small portion of any ingenious art will stop up all those gaps of our time: either music, or painting, or designing, or chemistry, or history, or gardening, or twenty other things, will do it usefully and pleasantly. Cowley. Ess. Of Solitude.

"Twere more to his purpose to demand, what advantageth it him to gain not one atome, or most diminutive part of the world, not the least acquisition of any thing desirable even to the carnal man, satisfactory to any part of his appetite, save that in a manner Platonick, designless of love of sinning, and ruining his own soul, and yet to do that as sure, as if he had Satan's totum hoc, his whole exchequer of wealth and honour in exchange for it ?-Hammond. Works, vol. ii. The second bulwark was the heating sense,

Gainst which the second troupe designment makes. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 11. After this hee presented himselfe againe at sundry times and that to this purpose (as may probably be coniectured) to hold her still in his possession, who was not able, eyther to look further into these subtilties, then the superficiall barke

thereof, or not discover the depth of his designements.

State Trials. Mary Smith, an. 1616.

Since then, the power of all natural agents is limited, the mover (be it never so powerful) must be confined to observe these proportions, and cannot pass over all these infinite designable degrees in an instant.-Digby. Of Bodies, c. 9.

He is an High Priest and a Saviour all-sufficient. First, by his Father's eternal designation, Psalm lxxxix. 90. İ have laid help upon one that is mighty, &c. Hopkins, Ser. 25. Again the atomick atheists further alledge, that though there be many things in the world, which serve well for vses, yet it does not at all follow that therefore they were made intentionally and designedly for those vses. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 670.

It being the usual method in which divine providence delighteth it self, to use and sanctify those very means, which ill men design for the satisfaction of private and particular ends and ambition, and other wicked purposes, to wholesome and publick ends, and to establish that good which is most contrary to the designers.

Clarendon. Civil War, vol. iii. p. 743.

Now what has Ajax done, or what design'd?
A noisy nothing, and an empty wind.

Dryden. Ovid. Metam. b. xiii.

To whom the Thunderer made this stern reply;
My household curse, my lawful plague, the spy
Of Jove's designs, his other squinting eye!
Why this vain prying, and for what avail?

Id. Homer. Iliad, b. xiii.

The designable parts of these corpuscles are therefore unseparable, because there is no vacuity at all intercepted between them.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 413.

And a wise designation of time this is, well becoming the divine care and precaution; serving for the recruiting our bodies, and dispatching our affairs, and at the same time to keep up a spiritual temper of mind.

Derham. Physico-Theology, b. ii. c. 6.

As for the reason hereof, I shall refer to the opticians, particularly the famous Kepler, who in his Opticis Astronom. hath designedly handled this point.

Id. Astro-Theology, Ded.

To mark out, to frame or form; and thus, (met.) to form in the mind, to scheme or plan, to intend, to purpose, to project.

And therefore, whatsoeuer wicked designement shal be conspired and plotted against her majesty hereafter, shall be thought to be conspired, plotted, and intended against the Almighty himselfe.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 619.

For as the soul's essential pow'rs are three;
The quick'ning pow'r, the pow'r of sense and reason;
Three kinds of life to her designed be,
Which perfect these three powr's in their due season.
Davies. Immortality of the Soul, s. 33.

Why do ye seek for feigned Palladines,
(Out of the smoke of idle vanity,)
Who may give glory to the true designs
Of Bouchier, Talbot, Nevile, Willoughby?

and happy lucks at play are not rashly or designlessly shuf

Since Solomon does discreetly affirm, that all the cross fled by a blind hazard, but are dispensed by an all-ruling Providence.-Id. Ib. vol. vi. p. 80.

And the rather, because whilst men, by the coldness of the season, are more than ordinarily careful, to stop up the passages, at which the external air may get in, they do, though designlessly, stop up the vents, at which the subterraneous exhalations might go out.-Id. Ib. vol. ii. p. 675.

We sufficiently understand that the scenes which represent cities and countries to us, are not really such, but only painted on boards and canvass: but shall that excuse the ill painture or designment of them?

Dryden. Essay. Of Dramatick Poesie.

Is their original mode of instruction and discipline altered. By no means. Are the instructors of a different description from those designated by the founders? By no means. Knox. On Grammar Schools

The only difference between God's appointment, of the Judges and of Saul being this, that they were chosen by internal impulse. He, by lots, or external designation. Warburton. Divine Legation, b. v. s. 3.

The machine, which we are inspecting, demonstrates, by its construction, contrivance and design. Contrivance must have had a contriver, design, a designer; whether the machine immediately proceeded from another machine or not. Paley. Natural Theology, c. 2,

This designment appears both iniquitous and absurd. Warburton. The Divine Legation, b. ii. s. 4.

In front of this sea were placed six Tritons, in moving and sprightly actions, their upper parts humane, save that their haires were blue, as partaking to the sea-colour; their desinent parts fish, mounted above their heads, and all varied in disposition.-B. Jonson. Masque of Blacknesse.

In their poesies, the fettering together the series of the verses, with the bonds of like cadence or desinence of rhyme, which, if it be unusually abrupt, and not dependent in sense upon so near affinity of words, I know not what a loathsome kind of harshness and discordance it breedeth to any judicial ear.-Bp. Hall. Postscript to Satires.

4. Inceptives and desitives, which relate to the beginning or ending of any thing; as, the Latin tongue is not yet forgotten. No man before Orpheus wrote Greek verse. Peter, Czar of Muscovy, began to civilize his nation.

DESIRE, v. DESI'RE, n. DESIRABLE, adj. DESIRABLE, N. DESIRABLENESS. DESI'RER. DESIRING, n. DESIRELESS. DESIROUS. DESIROUSLY. DESIROUSNESS. DESI'REFUL. DESI'REFULNESS.

Watts. Logic, pt. ii. c. 2. s. 6.

Fr. Désirer; Sp. Desear; It. Disiare or Desiderare. See DESIDERATE.

To wish for, covet, long for, to be eager to obtain; to have a love or passion for; to ask for, intreat, require or demand.

See the quotations from Locke and Cogan.

War vore ych desyry mest thyn grace & thyn loue.

R. Gloucester, p. 309.

Of the north Suane had a partie, the south he desired.
R. Brunne, p. 42.

Ye ben of the fadir the Deuil, and ye wolen do the desires of youre fadir.-Wiclif. Jon, c. 8.

My liege lady, generally, quad he,
Women desiren to han soverainetee,
As well over hir hosbond as hir love,
And for to ben in maistrie him aboue.
This is your most desire, though ye me kille
Doth as you list, I am here at your wille.

Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Tale, v. 6623.
For my desiring

Was him to seen ouer all thing
His countenaunce and his manere.-Id. Rom. of the Rose.
Yong, fresh, and strong, in armes desirous,
As any bacheler of all his hous.

Id. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,337. Affeccion of this instrument is a thinge, by whiche ye beo ̧ drawe desirously any thinge to wilne in coueitcus maner, all be it for the tyme out of your mind. Id. The Testament of Loue, b. iii.

And so there whyle I me reioie,
Unto my herte a great desyre,
The whiche is hotter than the fire,

All sodenliche upon me renneth.-Gower. Con. 4. b. vi.
Wyfeles he was, Florent he hight,
He was a man, that mochell might:
Of armes he was desyrous.-Id. Ib. b. i.

Whereas God wil haue heuen so sore desyred and sought for, that he wyll haue the desyrers thereof, set by the pleasures of this worlde, not onely nothyng at all, but also seke for the contrary and suffer displeasure and payne.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1290. For it [the lawe] knew yt theyr heartes wer desyrful of reuenging.-Udal. Matthew, c. 5.

Ye haue heard it wt your eares, but ye haue need of readie & desirefull heartes, if ye wil be apt to receiue so great a blissefulnes.-Id. Luke, c. 4.

Id. Ib. fol. 121.

For to the highest she did still aspire,
Or if ought higher were then that, did it desire.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. I. c. 4.

O wherefore did God grant me my request,
And as a blessing with such pomp adorn'd?
Why are his gifts desirable, to tempt

Our earnest prayers, then, giv'n with solemn hand
As graces, draw a scorpion's tail behind.

Milton. Samson Agonistes.

And therefore being all of a sudden bid to hold up my hand at the bar, I cannot chuse but a little demur upon it, and yet with all respect to you, to declare my desireableness to keep within the bounds of reason, moderation, and discretion, and so carry myself as doth become a man, that knows what it is to answer for his life.

State Trials. Lieut.-Col. John Lilburne, an. 1649.

He [Sir James Crofts] was an able man to manage war, and yet an earnest desirer and advancer of peace, being one of the commissioners in 1588 to treat with the Spaniard in Flanders.-Fuller. Worthies. Hertfordshire.

Life is the passing of a shadow, short, troublesome, and dangerous; a place which God hath given us in time for the desiring of eternity.-Bp. Taylor. Cont. b. i. c. 6.

This golden show made him so desirous also of like successe, that he left off his former voyage and returned home to bring news of such things as he had seene.

Holinshed. Desc. of England, c. 11. That desire is a state of vneasiness, every one who reflects on himself will quickly find. Who is there that has not felt in desire what the wise man said of hope, (which is not much different from it) that it being defer'd makes the heart sick; and that still proportionable to the greatness of the desire: which sometimes raises the uneasiness to that pitch, that it makes people cry out, give me children, give me the thing desir'd, or I die.-Locke. Hum. Underst. b. ii. c. 21.

If you demand by what impulsive force
The under Gods begin their circling course;

He says, as things desirable excite

Desire, and objects move the appetite;
So his first God by kindling ardent love,
Does all the Gods in seats inferior move.

Blackmore. Creation, b. v. But of the desirableness of the skill, and willingness to cure the sick, and relieve not only those that languish in hospitals, but those that are rich enough to build them (I have) else where purposely discoursed.

Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 201.

If they were indeed desirous to approve themselves to God, they would strive against those sins which hold them in captivity.—Sharp, vol. iii. Ser. 16.

The greatest part of the world keep the crown upon the Devil's head; they are his servants, and yield him the throne of their hearts, and he reigns in them: but those that are the people of God, they do with their hearts acknowledge his right and title to them, and do most desirously close with him.-Bates. The Everlasting Rest of the Saints.

Desire (influential to action) may be defined, that uneasy sensation excited in the mind by the view or by the contemplation of any desirable good, which is not in our possession, which we are solicitous to obtain, and of which the attainment appears at least possible.

Cogan. On the Passions, pt. i. c. 2. s. 3.

He neglects his ease and his honours together, and despises fame as well as pleasure and riches, and all mortal desirables, when they stand in competition with his immortal hopes.-Watts, vol. i. Ser. 2.

As the natural man neglects the two chief spirits he has any concern with, that is God and his own soul; so fleshly objects are his chief desire: but the spiritual man despises them all, in comparison of the unseen desirables of the spiritual world.-Id. Ib. Ser. 4.

It is only the honest, sincere enquirer, who comes to his Bible with a heart desirous to learn his duty in the conscientious discharge of a good life, who can hope to find it in the words of eternal life.-Gilpin, vol. iv. Ser. 25.

DESIST, v. DESI'STANCE. DESI'STING, n.

}

Fr. Désister; Sp. Desistir It. and Lat. Desistere, (de, and sistere, to stand.)

To stand off, or away from; to quit, to leave off, to cease, to give over, to stop or to stay, to forbear.

Thus Owen Glendor glorifying hym self in these two victories, laden with praies and bloudy handes returning againe into Wales neuer desistyng to do euill.-Hall. Hen. IV. an.1.

The more thei here suffere for teachinge the trewth the greater ióye abydethe them: let vs not therfor desiste, nor be afraide, but let vs not neglecte our office for Crystes sake, (good Cryste bretheren,) but speke and wryte as long as we may.-Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 12.

And again, the going into the city was a pursuance and carrying on of the enterprize against the court, and not a desisting or departing from it.

State Trials. Sir Christopher Blunt, an. 1600. When no persuasion Could win him to desist from his bad practice, To change the aristocracy of Corinth Into an absolute monarchy, I chose rather To prove a pious and obedient son To my country, my best mother, than to lend Assistance to Timophanes, tho' my brother, That, like a tyrant, strove to set his foot Upon the city's freedom.

Massinger. The Bondman, Act 1. sc. 3. What frenzy, goddesses: what rage can move Celestial minds to tempt the wrath of Jove? Desist, obedient to his high command: This is his word: and know, his word shall stand. Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. viii. Whereas men usually give freeliest where they have not given before, and make it both the motive and excuse of their desistance from giving any more, that they have given already; God's bounty hath a very different method: for he uses to give, because he hath given, and that he may give. Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 269.

A politician desists from his designs, when he finds they are impracticable; he renounces the court, because he hath been affronted by it, he quits ambition for study or retirement; and leaves off his attendance on the great as he becomes weary of it.-Blair, vol. i. Lect. 10.

DESK, v. A table to write upon. Dut. Disch, Ger. Tisch, a table; perDESK, n. haps from the Lat. Discus, because a table resembles a discus in its broad form or shape, (Skinner.) Sometimes written Dess, (qv.) To desk,-to shut up or enclose, as in a desk. The egle sang Venite bodies all

And let vs ioy to loue that is our health, And to the deske anon they gan to fall. Chaucer. The Court of Loue. And whyle he sayd his orysons for that soule and other, he layed his gloues vpon a deske by him.

Fabyan, vol. i. c. 201.

Sir, 'tis a perspicil, the best under heaven, With this I'll read a leaf of that small Iliad, That in a walnut-shell was desked, as plainly Twelve long miles off, as you see Paul's from Highgate. Tomkis. Albumazar, Act i. sc. 3. Where (at the west end of the great hall at Westminster) the lord president, in a crimson velvet chair, fixed in the midst of the court, placed himself, having a desk with a

crimson velvet cushion before him.

I were right now of tales desolat
N'ere that a marchant, gon in many a yere,
Me taught a tale, which that ye shull here.

Chaucer. The Man of Lawes Tale, v. 4551. Now therfor [our God] heare the supplicacion of thy seruant, hear his prayers beseching thee to showe a merciable countenaunce vpon thy holy temple, thus desolated and destroid.-Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 9.

When she had passed the sea and taken lande, it was to her declared, how that King Edward had gotten again the garland, and that king Henry her husband, was desolately left post alone, and takē prisoner.-Hall. Edw. IV. an. 10.

She [Lady Elizabeth] againe likewise saluting them saide, my lordes, (quoth she) I am glad to see you: for me thinke I haue been kept a great while from you desolately alone. Fox. Martyrs, p. 1900.

They came vnto Man with a mightie army and wasted all the south part of Man, spoiled the churches, and slue all the men, whom they could take, insomuch, the south part of the saide island was brought almost into desolation

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 14.

There, all alone, she spy'd, alas, the while!
In shady darkness, a poor desolate,
That now had measured many a weary mile
Through a waste desert, whither heav'nly fate,
And his own will, him brought.

G. Fletcher. Christ's Triumph on Earth.

Though he was afterwards set at liberty, and had a pension from the king, he was in great want to the very last, living obscurely in his chambers at Gray's Inn, where his lonely and desolate condition so wrought upon his melancholy temper that he pined away.

State Trials, Lord Bacon, an. 16207

Let never spring visit his habitation,
But nettles, kix, and all the weedy nation
With empty elders grow, sad signs of desolation.
G. Fletcher. Christ's Triumph over Death.

Who is this desolater, or maker of desolations?

Mede. On Daniel, p. 44.

Where these two things are taken by these expositors for granted. 1. That the taking away of the dayly sacrifice, and this desolatory abomination, is to be understood of the last destruction of Jerusalem by Titus. Bp. Hall. Revelation Unrevealed.

O righteous Themis! if the pow'rs above
By pray'rs are bent to pity, and to love;
If human miseries can move their mind;
If yet they can forget, and yet be kind;
Tell how we may restore, by second birth,
Mankind, and people desolated earth.

Dryden. Ovid. Metam. b. 1. There is an eminent instance of this in Nehemiah, whom all the pleasures of the Persian court could not satisfy, whilst Jerusalem was desolately miserable.

Bates. Works, vol. iv. Ser. 4.

On the self-same day
When we embark'd from Greece, designing death
And desolation to the race of Troy;
Both by his right hand thunders, and the sign
Of which ye hear, Jove ratified our hopes.

DESPAIR, v. DESPAIR, n.

DESPA'IRER.

DESPA'IRFUL.
DESPAIRINGLY.
DE'SPERATE, adj.
DE'SPERATELY.
DE'SPERATENESS.
DESPERATION.
DESPERA'DO.
DE'SPERANCE.

having no regard to

Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. il. Fr. Désespérer; Sp. Desesperar; It. Disperare; Lat. Desperare, to be without hope, (de, and sperare, to hope.) See the quotations from Locke and Cogan.

To be or cause to be without hope, hopeless. Desperate, without hope, hopeless; and, therefore, careless, reckless, fearless, consequences.

And ich shal sende gow myselve Seynte Michel myn aungel,

That no Devel shal gow dere, ne despeir in goure deyenge.
Piers Plouhman, p. 149
Drede of desperacion thenne dryveth a wey grace.

He was dispeired, nothing dorst he say
Sauf in his songes somwhat wold he wray
His wo, as in a general complaining;
He said, he loved, and was beloved nothing.

Id. p. 336.

Chaucer. The Frankeleines Tale, v. 11,255.
And he that wil not after counsaile do,
His sute he putteth into disperaunce,
And all the good that should fal him to

Is lost and dedde.-Id. La belle Dame sans Mercie.
Whereof my wittes ben empeired,

And I, as who saith, all dispeired.-Gower. Con. A. b. ill.
For in suche drede he shall us brynge,
That if we haden flight of wynge,

The weye one foote in dispaire

We shull leue, and flee in the ayre.-Id. Ib. b. vil,