Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global WarmingBloomsbury Publishing USA, 3. 6. 2010 - 368 strán (strany) The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on such areas as public health, environmental science, and issues affecting quality of life. Our scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers. Merchants of Doubt tells the story of how a loose-knit group of high-level scientists and scientific advisers, with deep connections in politics and industry, ran effective campaigns to mislead the public and deny well-established scientific knowledge over four decades. Remarkably, the same individuals surface repeatedly-some of the same figures who have claimed that the science of global warming is "not settled" denied the truth of studies linking smoking to lung cancer, coal smoke to acid rain, and CFCs to the ozone hole. "Doubt is our product," wrote one tobacco executive. These "experts" supplied it. Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway, historians of science, roll back the rug on this dark corner of the American scientific community, showing how ideology and corporate interests, aided by a too-compliant media, have skewed public understanding of some of the most pressing issues of our era. |
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Výsledky 1 - 5 z 19.
Strana 6
... funded by a grant from the Tobacco Institute, channeled through a think tank, the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution.13 Millions of pages of documents released during tobacco litigation demonstrate these links. They show the crucial role ...
... funded by a grant from the Tobacco Institute, channeled through a think tank, the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution.13 Millions of pages of documents released during tobacco litigation demonstrate these links. They show the crucial role ...
Strana 12
... funded study examined the impact of stress, therapeutic drugs, and food additives (like saccharin) on the immune system. Another explored the relation between “the emotional framework and the state of... the immune system ... in a ...
... funded study examined the impact of stress, therapeutic drugs, and food additives (like saccharin) on the immune system. Another explored the relation between “the emotional framework and the state of... the immune system ... in a ...
Strana 14
... funded could potentially produce such a witness who could testify to causes of illness other than smoking. Prusiner's work, for example, suggested a disease mechanism that had nothing to do with external causes. A prion, Seitz explained ...
... funded could potentially produce such a witness who could testify to causes of illness other than smoking. Prusiner's work, for example, suggested a disease mechanism that had nothing to do with external causes. A prion, Seitz explained ...
Strana 16
... funded alternative research to cast doubt on the tobacco-cancer link.31 They conducted polls to gauge public opinion and used the results to guide campaigns to sway it. They distributed pamphlets and booklets to doctors, the media ...
... funded alternative research to cast doubt on the tobacco-cancer link.31 They conducted polls to gauge public opinion and used the results to guide campaigns to sway it. They distributed pamphlets and booklets to doctors, the media ...
Strana 26
... funded, and Seitz put it this way: About a year ago, when my period as President of the Rockefeller University was nearing its end, [I was] asked if I would be willing to serve as advisor to the Board of Directors of R. J. Reynolds ...
... funded, and Seitz put it this way: About a year ago, when my period as President of the Rockefeller University was nearing its end, [I was] asked if I would be willing to serve as advisor to the Board of Directors of R. J. Reynolds ...
Obsah
1 | |
36 | |
Acid Rain | 66 |
Whats Bad Science? Who Decides? | 136 |
The Denial of Global Warming | 169 |
The Revisionist | 216 |
Acknowledgments | 275 |
Index | 345 |
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acid rain American argued argument Assessment Atmospheric attack Bad Science Bill Nierenberg Carbon Dioxide cause CFCs chapter chlorine Cigarette claims Climate Change colleagues Committee debate defense Earth’s effects emissions Environment Environmental environmentalists experts Fred Singer Frederick Seitz free market George H. W. Bush Glantz global warming Health Heartland Institute human Ibid impact insisted IPCC issue Legacy Tobacco Documents letter Lomborg lung cancer Marshall Institute ment Naomi Oreskes National Academy nuclear winter ozone depletion ozone hole panel percent pesticides Philip Morris physicists Policy political pollution president President’s problem Protection published R. J. Reynolds Reagan regulation Revelle risk Robert Jastrow Santer scientists secondhand smoke Silent Spring SIO Archives skeptics Soviet stratosphere tion Tobacco Documents Library tobacco industry U.S. Government University Press Wall Street Journal WAN papers Washington White House William Nierenberg World York