Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global WarmingBloomsbury Publishing USA, 3. 6. 2010 - 368 strán (strany) The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on such areas as public health, environmental science, and issues affecting quality of life. Our scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers. Merchants of Doubt tells the story of how a loose-knit group of high-level scientists and scientific advisers, with deep connections in politics and industry, ran effective campaigns to mislead the public and deny well-established scientific knowledge over four decades. Remarkably, the same individuals surface repeatedly-some of the same figures who have claimed that the science of global warming is "not settled" denied the truth of studies linking smoking to lung cancer, coal smoke to acid rain, and CFCs to the ozone hole. "Doubt is our product," wrote one tobacco executive. These "experts" supplied it. Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway, historians of science, roll back the rug on this dark corner of the American scientific community, showing how ideology and corporate interests, aided by a too-compliant media, have skewed public understanding of some of the most pressing issues of our era. |
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Strana 25
... nuclear physics; Seitz was Wigner's best and most famous student. From 1939 to 1945, Seitz had worked on a variety of projects related to the war effort, including ballistics, armor penetration, metal corrosion, radar, and the atomic ...
... nuclear physics; Seitz was Wigner's best and most famous student. From 1939 to 1945, Seitz had worked on a variety of projects related to the war effort, including ballistics, armor penetration, metal corrosion, radar, and the atomic ...
Strana 27
... nuclear preparedness. The scientific community generally supported arms limitations talks and treaties, and rejected as impossible the idea of achieving permanent technology superiority. Seitz, on the other hand, was committed to a ...
... nuclear preparedness. The scientific community generally supported arms limitations talks and treaties, and rejected as impossible the idea of achieving permanent technology superiority. Seitz, on the other hand, was committed to a ...
Strana 29
... nuclear weapons programs.105 Seitz clearly had trouble accepting that Hansen's exposure to beryllium could have been the cause of his early death.106 Given these various views—hawkish, superior, technophilic, and communophobic—Seitz may ...
... nuclear weapons programs.105 Seitz clearly had trouble accepting that Hansen's exposure to beryllium could have been the cause of his early death.106 Given these various views—hawkish, superior, technophilic, and communophobic—Seitz may ...
Strana 35
... nuclear winter, acid rain, and the ozone hole, all the way to global warming. Seitz and his colleagues would fight the facts and merchandise doubt all the way. CHAPTER 2 Strategic Defense, Phony Facts, and the Creation of Doubt Is Our ...
... nuclear winter, acid rain, and the ozone hole, all the way to global warming. Seitz and his colleagues would fight the facts and merchandise doubt all the way. CHAPTER 2 Strategic Defense, Phony Facts, and the Creation of Doubt Is Our ...
Strana 36
... nuclear war. Seitz's hawkish politics had deep roots. Like nearly every American physicist of his generation, he grew up alongside the nuclear weapons programs, watching the national security state build his science as his science ...
... nuclear war. Seitz's hawkish politics had deep roots. Like nearly every American physicist of his generation, he grew up alongside the nuclear weapons programs, watching the national security state build his science as his science ...
Obsah
1 | |
36 | |
Acid Rain | 66 |
Whats Bad Science? Who Decides? | 136 |
The Denial of Global Warming | 169 |
The Revisionist | 216 |
Acknowledgments | 275 |
Index | 345 |
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acid rain American argued argument Assessment Atmospheric attack Bad Science Bill Nierenberg Carbon Dioxide cause CFCs chapter chlorine Cigarette claims Climate Change colleagues Committee debate defense Earth’s effects emissions Environment Environmental environmentalists experts Fred Singer Frederick Seitz free market George H. W. Bush Glantz global warming Health Heartland Institute human Ibid impact insisted IPCC issue Legacy Tobacco Documents letter Lomborg lung cancer Marshall Institute ment Naomi Oreskes National Academy nuclear winter ozone depletion ozone hole panel percent pesticides Philip Morris physicists Policy political pollution president President’s problem Protection published R. J. Reynolds Reagan regulation Revelle risk Robert Jastrow Santer scientists secondhand smoke Silent Spring SIO Archives skeptics Soviet stratosphere tion Tobacco Documents Library tobacco industry U.S. Government University Press Wall Street Journal WAN papers Washington White House William Nierenberg World York