Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global WarmingBloomsbury Publishing USA, 3. 6. 2010 - 368 strán (strany) The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on such areas as public health, environmental science, and issues affecting quality of life. Our scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers. Merchants of Doubt tells the story of how a loose-knit group of high-level scientists and scientific advisers, with deep connections in politics and industry, ran effective campaigns to mislead the public and deny well-established scientific knowledge over four decades. Remarkably, the same individuals surface repeatedly-some of the same figures who have claimed that the science of global warming is "not settled" denied the truth of studies linking smoking to lung cancer, coal smoke to acid rain, and CFCs to the ozone hole. "Doubt is our product," wrote one tobacco executive. These "experts" supplied it. Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway, historians of science, roll back the rug on this dark corner of the American scientific community, showing how ideology and corporate interests, aided by a too-compliant media, have skewed public understanding of some of the most pressing issues of our era. |
Vyhľadávanie v obsahu knihy
Strana 8
... produced by burning fossil fuels. Yet, for years the press quoted these men as experts, and politicians listened to them, using their claims as justification for inaction. President George H. W. Bush once even referred to them as “my ...
... produced by burning fossil fuels. Yet, for years the press quoted these men as experts, and politicians listened to them, using their claims as justification for inaction. President George H. W. Bush once even referred to them as “my ...
Strana 11
... produced the gargantuan granting system that is the core of the NIH today, propelling the United States to leadership in biomedical research. Yet, for all this, Shannon never won a Nobel Prize, a National Medal of Science, or even a ...
... produced the gargantuan granting system that is the core of the NIH today, propelling the United States to leadership in biomedical research. Yet, for all this, Shannon never won a Nobel Prize, a National Medal of Science, or even a ...
Strana 14
... produces its own species of protein and . . . destroys the cell,” in “the manner in which certain genes ... can be stimulated to over-produce cell division and lead to cancer.”18 Cancer might just be cells gone wild. Cline's research ...
... produces its own species of protein and . . . destroys the cell,” in “the manner in which certain genes ... can be stimulated to over-produce cell division and lead to cancer.”18 Cancer might just be cells gone wild. Cline's research ...
Strana 22
... produced in their own laboratories, the industry might have concluded that the “debate” game was up. The PR director for Brown and Williamson suggested that perhaps the time had come to back off “assurances, denial of harm, and similar ...
... produced in their own laboratories, the industry might have concluded that the “debate” game was up. The PR director for Brown and Williamson suggested that perhaps the time had come to back off “assurances, denial of harm, and similar ...
Strana 29
... Support [for scientific research] over the years has produced a number of authorities upon whom the industry could draw for expert testimony in court suits and hearings by governmental bodies.”110 Doubt Is Our Product 29.
... Support [for scientific research] over the years has produced a number of authorities upon whom the industry could draw for expert testimony in court suits and hearings by governmental bodies.”110 Doubt Is Our Product 29.
Obsah
1 | |
36 | |
Acid Rain | 66 |
Whats Bad Science? Who Decides? | 136 |
The Denial of Global Warming | 169 |
The Revisionist | 216 |
Acknowledgments | 275 |
Index | 345 |
Iné vydania - Zobraziť všetky
Časté výrazy a frázy
acid rain American argued argument Assessment Atmospheric attack Bad Science Bill Nierenberg Carbon Dioxide cause CFCs chapter chlorine Cigarette claims Climate Change colleagues Committee debate defense Earth’s effects emissions Environment Environmental environmentalists experts Fred Singer Frederick Seitz free market George H. W. Bush Glantz global warming Health Heartland Institute human Ibid impact insisted IPCC issue Legacy Tobacco Documents letter Lomborg lung cancer Marshall Institute ment Naomi Oreskes National Academy nuclear winter ozone depletion ozone hole panel percent pesticides Philip Morris physicists Policy political pollution president President’s problem Protection published R. J. Reynolds Reagan regulation Revelle risk Robert Jastrow Santer scientists secondhand smoke Silent Spring SIO Archives skeptics Soviet stratosphere tion Tobacco Documents Library tobacco industry U.S. Government University Press Wall Street Journal WAN papers Washington White House William Nierenberg World York