REM populi tractas? (barbatum hoc crede magistrum Fert animus calidæ fecisse silentia turbæ 1. Do you presume to take the reins of government into your hands?' DN. Alcibiades of Socrates: says avayxάg με ὁμολογεῖν, ὅτι πολλοῦ ἐνδεὴς ὢν αὐτὸς ἔτι, ἐμαυτοῦ μὲν ἀμέλω, τὰ δ ̓ Αθηναίων Terra" Plato Symp. 32. K. Barbatum: cf. Juv. xiv. 12. iv. 103. Lucian sep. Hor. II S. iii. 16 sqq. K. Socrates was accounted the father of philosophy, and prince of philosophers: Cic. Fin. ii. 1. N. D. ii. 167. T. Q. iii. 8. v. 10. PR. 2. Juv. xiii. 185 sq, notes. M. Id. vii. 205 sq, notes; Sen. Ep. 13. K. Plin. xiv. 5. cf. Ap. As. Aur. x. Plat. Soc. Ap. Lact. v. 15. Ath. xiii. Socrates concitatis inimicitiis, calumniosa criminatione damnatus, morte mulctatus est. sed eum postea illa ipsa, quæ publice damnaverat, Atheniensium civitas publice luxit: in duos ejus accusatores usque adeo populi indignatione conversa, ut unus eorum oppressus vi multitudinis interiret, exsilio autem voluntario atque perpetuo pœnam similem alter evaderet. tam præclara igitur vitæ mortisque fama Socrates reliquit plurimos suæ philosophic sectatores; S. Aug. Civ. D. viii. 3. PR. v. 145. Sorbitio: póonua El. V. H. ix. 38. Phædr. i. 26. (BU.) K. 3. Ὅτῳ πιστεύων; Plato. M. 'Alcibiades' lost his father, while he was yet a child. His guardians were Ariphron and Pericles: educatus est in domo Periclis, (privignus enim ejus fuisse dicitur,) eruditus a Socrate; C. Nep. II. i. 1. G. The word pupille is emphatic; he was still award.' LU. cf. Plut. PR. Pericli for Periclis, from Pericleus, Periclei. cf. CO, on Sall. H. fr. i. p. 934. K. Pericles, the son of Xanthippus, was great both as a statesman and as a general. cf. Just. iii. LU. Plut. 12. Cic. Brut. V. Max. viii. 9. Some have supposed that Persius intended a pun in this place; because Alcibiades, when young, was compared to a lion's whelp. PR. cf. Juv. iv. 31. 4. Ingenium. dociles natura nos edidit, et rationem dedit imperfectam, sed quæ perfici posset; Sen. Ep. 49. K. deivórns, cf. Arist. Eth. vi. 13. Velox precocious.' LU. cf. Ov. A. A. i. 183. Stat. S. ii. 106 sqq. K. 5. Seris venit usus ab annis; Ov. M. vi. 29. LU. etenim mihi multa vetustas scire dedit; xiv. 695 sq. Nero (whom many suppose to be alluded to under the character of Alcibiades) was emperor, before he was seventeen: Suet. 8. Tac. A. xiii. 1. 6. PR. Ab illis (philosophis) hæc dicuntur; si consonare tibi in faciendis et non faciendis virtutis est, quæ pars ejus prudentia vocatur, eadem in dicendis et non dicendis erit; Quint. ii. 20. Hom. Od. H 440 sq. Hor. I Ep. vii. 72. K. 6. Hes. Th. 80 sqq. K. Virg. Æ. i. 149 sqq. PR. 7. Immuniter strepente exercitu, cum cieri tumultus violentior appareret, Valentinianus, elata prospere dextra, ut princeps fiducia plenus, ausus increpare quosdam ut seditiosos et pertinaces, cogitata nullis interpellantibus absolvebat; Amm. xxvi. PR. 8. Est illa quasi privata censura, majestas clarorum virorum, sine tribunalium fastigio,sine apparitorum ministerio, potens in sua amplitudine obtinenda. grato enim et jucundo introitu animis hominum illabitur admirationis prætextu velata : quam recte quis dixerit longum et beatum honorem sine honore; V. Max. ii. ult. qui (Jupiter) postquam voce manuque murmura compressit, tenuere silentia cuncti ; Ov. M. i. 205 sq. cf..Acts xiii. 16. PR. Luc. i. 297 sq. K Hoc, puta, non justum est; illud male, rectius illud."10 Scis etenim justum gemina suspendere lance Ancipitis libræ rectum discernis, ubi inter Desinis, Anticyras melior sorbere meracas. 13. (the first letter of avaros) was set against the names of those sentenced to capital punishment: nósti mortiferum quæstoris, Castrice, signum? est opera pretium discere theta novum, &c. Mart. VII. xxxvii. O multum ante alias infelix litera theta. VS. K. G. T was the letter of acquittal. The Romans used A and C, the initials of absolvo and condemno. Cic. for Milo. A. Critics marked those passages of authors, which they approved of, with L (laudabile) or X (xenorov), those of which they disapproved with . PR. Sid. Ap. ix. 335 sq. CAS. 14. Suet. Nero 51. Hor. I Ep. xvi. 45. PR. II S. i. 64 sq. K. Tac. A. xiii. M. v. 116. A striking instance of ferocity under a beautiful exterior was that of the sanguinary revolutionist St Juste. I nunc ! The ness, and to fare well.' 'That,' retorts Why, I would swing on a gate and eat fat bacon, all day long."] Our young pretender to state affairs now urges other claims, such as birth, beauty, &c. in which he has decidedly the advantage of the old woman: but our Stoic treats them with utter contempt and changes the subject. G. 15. A metaphor from a peacock, Hor. II S. ii. 26. Juv. vii. 32. 1. 62. or from a dog. i. 87, note. CAS. cf. Hor. I S. vi. 15 sqq. K. 16. Anticyras: Juv. xiii. 97. Strabo ix. Plin. xxv. 5. Gell. xvii. 15. Suet. Cal. 29. expulit helleboro morbum bilemque meraco; Hor. II Ep. ii. 137. PR. Id. II S. iii. 83. note on i. 51. M. Hor. A. P. 300. Ov. Pont. IV. iii. 53 sq. K. 17. Cf. iii. 60. K. Uncta patella. Si, bene qui cœnat, bene vivit; lucet, eamus quo ducit gula; Hor. I Ep. vi. 56 sq. PR. Mart. V. xlvi. 7. K. 18. Juv. xi. 203 sq. VS. During the summer, the Romans used to rub oil into their skin, in the sun; and in winter, before the fire. i, precor, et totos avida cute combibe soles. quam formosus eris! Mart. X. xii. 7 sq. PR. v. 33. Plin. Ep. iii. 1. H. N. xxi. 14. Mart. I. lxxviii. K. 19. He proposes appealing to an old These these These 20" Dinomaches ego sum." Suffla. "Sum candidus." Esto. 25 Quæsieris: Nostin Vectidî prædia?" "Cujus?" 'Dives arat Curibus quantum non milvus oberret.' "Hunc ais? hunc dîs iratis genioque sinistro, Qui quandoque jugum pertusa ad compita figit, woman passing by; LU. by way of mortifying the young man's pride. CAS. I nunc! Juv. vi. 306, note. Virg. Æ. vii. 425. Ov. Her. ix. 105. Prop. III. xvi. 17. K. 20. Пgòs unrgos 'Aλxμasovídns ñv, x Auroμaxns yoyovas Tas Meyaxλious Plut. Alc. i. The Alcmæonida were one of the noblest and wealthiest families in Athens, and were the most influential agents in the expulsion of the Pisistratidæ. Her. iv. 92 sq. K. Suffla puff away!' You do well to be proud of it.' PR. cf. Juv. viii. 46. K. Candidus et talos a vertice pulcer ad imos; Hor. II Ep. ii. 4. M. 21. Old goody Baucis in her tatter'd gown,' (The name occurs; Ov. M. viii. 640 &c. PR.) has the advantage over you in one respect: she has wit enough to fulfil her vocation well and profitably; whereas you are utterly ignorant how to set about the business, which you so presumptuously undertake.' M. 22. "Quella Alto cantando ai dissoluti servi L'erbette." STE. Ocyma: cf. Plin. xix. 7 s36. CAS. 'basil.' Varro R. R. I. xxxi. 4. Cato; Pliny xviii. 16. PR. xx. 48. Mart. I. xlii. 2. K. 23. Cf. Juv. ii. 36 sq. K. xi. 27. LU. ut; Virg. E. viii. 41. Hor. I S. i. 108. PR. Ov. Her. xii. 33. xiii. 89. Spectator, No. 399. Rambler, Nos. 24 and 28. 24. Cum tua pervideas oculis mala lippus inunctis, cur in amicorum vitiis tam cernis acutum, quam aut aquila aut serpens Epidaurius? Hor. II S. iii. 298 sq. PR. dixerit insanum qui me, totidem audiet; atque respicere ignoto discet pendentia tergo; ib. 298 sq. The allusion is to a fable of sop's: peras imposuit Jupiter nobis duas propriis repletam vitiis post tergum dedit, alienis ante pectus suspendit gravem. hac re videre nostra mala non possumus; alii simul delinquunt, censores sumus; Phæd. IV. x. M. LU. tu autem tam laboriosus es, ut post te non respicias? in alio peduclum vides; in te ricium non vides? Petr. 57. Hor. I S. iii. 25 sq. Sen. Ag. 270 sqq. K. nostram peram non videntes, aliorum, juxta Persium,manticam consideramus; S. Hier. Ep. 91. non videmus id manticæ, quod in tergo est; Cat. xxii. 21. PR. K. M. LU. 25. Quæsieris if one ask.' K. 26. Juv. ix. 55. PR. 27. Isti qui cum Geniis suis belligerant parcipromi; Plaut. Truc. 1. ii. 81. PR. cf. ii. 3. Juv. i. 49 sq. x. 129. xiv. 1. M. Hor. II S. iii. 8. 123. Phædr. IV. xix. 15. K. 28. This festival (compitalia; Gell. x. 24.) was one of great celebrity; a kind of rustic saturnalia; Tib. II. vii. Macr. S. i. 14. It was held after the seedseason, on a day annually named by the prætor, but generally on or about the second of January. On the morning of this day, the peasantry assembled near the cross-roads, probably for the advantage of space: here they erected a tree somewhat in the manner of our maypoles, on which the idle plough and yoke were hung, or, as some say, broken up. Tib. II. i. Under this tree, some slight shed appears to have been raised, where they sacrificed, (Gell. i. 22. GRO.) feasted, and gave themselves up to riotous mirth and jollity. Dionys. iv. 14. The origin of this festival, which was probably, at first, an expression of pious gratitude, is lost in antiquity. Roman writers refer it to one of their kings, according to custom; and as a god was also necessary, they fixed upon the Lares compitaliti. Ov. F. v. 140. Suet. Aug. 31. VS. CAS. LU. PR. K. G. It somewhat resembled our harvest-home. M. The Pertusa 'pervious.' Calp. iv. 126. K. Seriolæ veterem metuens deradere limum 30 Ingemit HOC BENE SIT! tunicatum cum sale mordens Cæpe, et, farrata pueris plaudentibus olla, Pannosam fæcem morientis sorbet aceti." At si unctus cesses et figas in cute solem, Est prope te ignotus, cubito qui tangat et acre 35 Despuat in mores, penemque arcanaque lumbi Runcantem populo marcentes pandere vulvas. "Tu quum maxillis balanatum gausape pectas, Inguinibus quare detonsus gurgulio exstat? Quinque palæstritæ licet hæc plantaria vellant 40 Elixasque nates labefactent forcipe adunca, 29. Serias omnes relevi; Ter. Heaut. III. i. 51. (cf. Hor. I Od. xx. 2 sq. PR.) The diminutive marks his avarice; as does the epithet veterem. CAS. 30. The solemn grace which the old miser pronounces, indicates the extraordinary good cheer which was forthcoming. BR. Tib. II. i. 31. Plaut. Stich. V. iv. 27. (LM.) PR. Petr. 35. 65. Hor. II S. vi. 4. Ov. F. iv. 299. K. The ecstasies of the boys are to the same effect. CAS. 'With all its coats.' PR. 31. Cf. xiv. 171. PR. 32. Swills the mothery dregs of dead vinegar,' i. e. the sour wine which was the drink of those who could afford something more than water; answering to our small beer. The mould had formed a thick cake on the top, like a woollen-rag. Every word is emphatic. acre potet acetum; Hor. II S. iii. 116 sq. T. CAS. M. 34. Somebody or other, whom perhaps you little think of.' LÚ. Aliquis cubito stantem prope tangens inquiet; Hor. II S. v. 42 sq. PR. 35. Spitting was a sign of aversion and detestation. LU. Plaut. As. I. i. 26-29. PR. Theoc. vi. 39. xx. 11. Tib. I. ii. 96. Luc. Icar. t. ii. p. 786. K. In the following passage it is deeply to be regretted that a poet, who is universally represented as untainted by the gross sensuality of the age when he wrote, should have so far complied with its fashions as to use, in the exposure of the vices which he reprobates, language which will hardly admit of paraphrase. CAS. The most malicious construction is put by this slanderer upon the effeminate anxiety of the young nobility to render their persons smooth and sleek, (cf. Juv. viii. 16. ix. 12 sqq. Arist. N. 1005. 1079. Conc. 129. K.) and to lay bare what nature intended to conceal. fruges consumere nati, sponsi Penelopa, nebulones, Alcinoique, in cute curanda plus æquo operata, juventus; Hor. 1 Ep. ii. 27 sqq. 37. While you comb the false beard, perfumed with essences, which you wear upon your cheeks and chin.' PV. Suet. Oth. 11. Mart. X. xlii. Tac. A. xiv. exc. B. LI. Aug. Civ. D. iv. 1. Ov. A. A. i. 518 sq. Mart. II. xxxvi. 3 sq. K. Maxillis; Mart. VIII. xlvii. MS. Pressa tuis balanus capillis jamdudum apud me est: Hor. III Od. xxix. 4. (JN.) CAS. Plin. xxiii. 5. 4. xiii. 1. 4. PR. Gausape shag.' vi. 46. PR. Hor. II S. viii. 11. Mart. XIV. cxxxviii. K. 38. Gurgulio is properly what anatomists call the uvula, which hangs from the back part of the palate. LU. 39. "In vain: should five athletic knaves essay To pluck, (runcare) with ceaseless care, the weeds away, Still the rank fern, congenial to the soil, Would spread luxuriant, and defeat their toil." G. The palæstrita were probably the servants who trained the young gentlemen in the private schools of exercise. Mart. III. lviii. 25. K. 40. Elixas sodden' refers to the constant use of the hot bath. LU. Mart. III. vii. 3. K. Non tamen ista filix ullo mansuescit aratro." Cædimus inque vicem præbemus crura sagittis : Vivitur hoc pacto: sic novimus. Ilia subter Cæcum vulnus habes; sed lato balteus auro 45 Prætegit. Ut mavis, da verba et decipe nervos, Si potes. Egregium quum me vicinia dicat, Non credam ?" Viso si palles, improbe, numo; Si facis, in penem quidquid tibi venit amarum; Si puteal multa cautus vibice flagellas; 41. On the stubborn nature of 'fern,' see Virg. G. ii. 239. (VO.) 264. cf. Juv. ix. 15. K. 42. We are more bent upon finding flaws in our neighbour's reputation; than in raising our own above the reach of detraction.' LU. We are so intent upon wounding our antagonist, that we leave our own weak parts unguarded.' A metaphor from gladiators. Hor. II Ep. ii. 97. PR. HY, exc. viii. on Æn. vi. K. 43. Thus have we been taught:' LU. or 'thus have we found it to be.' DB. 44. The metaphor is again taken from gladiators, who, when they received a wound, endeavoured to conceal it from the view of the spectators, by drawing over it their broad belt. VS. It may also allude to power and wealth, which serve to blind the eyes of the world to many infirmities and faults. CAS. cf. Virg. Æ. v. 312 sq. xii. 942 sq. PR. 45. Ut mavis; Hor. I S. iv. 21. PR. Da verba; iii. 19, note. M. Deceive your own senses and powers.' cf. Hor. I Ep. xvi. 21. PR. M. 46. Vicinia; Hor. II S. v. 106. PR. 47. To the forming a correct estimate of our own weak points, illud præcipue impedit, quod cito nobis placemus; si invenimus qui nos bonos viros dicat, qui prudentes, qui sanctos, agnoscimus. nec sumus modica laudatione contenti; quidquid in nos adulatio sine pudore congessit, tamquam debitum prendimus; optimos nos esse, sapientissimos affirmantibus assentimur, cum sciamus illos sæpe mentiri; Sen. Ep. 59. Alcibiades owned that he had often suffered from flattery: Plat. Symp. xxxii. K. Viso &c. cf. iii. 109 sqq. Juv. viii. 9 sqq. 135 sqq. K. ་ 48. Into your lustful mind.' K. 49. The signification of this line is obscure; and a great diversity of opinion exists among the commentators. From the several interpretations proposed, I have ventured to select the following. 'If, with all due precaution for your own personal security, you render yourself the scourge of the forum by constantly beating and wounding those who pass through it after dark.' Q. Volusio, P. Scipione coss. otium foris, fœda domi lascivia: qua Nero itinera urbis et lupanaria et diverticula, veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus, pererrabat, comitantibus qui raperent venditioni exposita et obviis vulnera inferrent, adversus ignaros adeo, ut ipse quoque acciperet ictus et ore præferret.... Nero autem metuentior in posterum, milites sibi et plerosque gladiatores circumdedit: qui rixarum initia modica et quasi privata sinerent: si a læsis validius ageretur, arma inferrent; Tac. A. xiii. 25. petulantiam, libidinem, luxuriam, avaritiam, crudelitatem, velut juvenili errore, exercuit post crepusculum statim arrepto pileo vel galero popinas inibat: circumque vicos vagabatur ludibundus, nec sine pernicie tamen, siquidem redeuntes a cana verberare, ac repugnantes vulnerare, cloacisque demergere assueverat sæpe in ejusmodi rixis, oculorum et vitæ periculum adiit, a quodam laticlavio, cujus uxorem attrectaverat, prope ad necem casus. quare numquam postea se publico illud horæ sine tribunis commisit, procul et occulte subsequentibus; Suet. Ner. 26. CAS. PR. M. cf. Juv. iii. 278-304, notes. G. ... ... ... ac Puteal literally means the cover of a well.' It was a small inclosure in the Comitium, the most frequented part of the Forum. It contained a low-raised piece of masonry, and appears to have been sometimes used as an altar. When, or why, it was railed in, was a matter of |