Publius emeruit, scabiosum tesserula far 75 Possidet. Heu steriles veri, quibus una Quiritem Vertigo facit! Hic Dama est non tressis agaso, Vappa et lippus et in tenui farragine mendax : Verterit hunc dominus, momento turbinis exit Marcus Dama. Papæ! Marco spondente, recusas 80 Credere tu nummos? Marco sub judice palles. · Marcus dixit: ita est. Adsigna, Marce, tabellas. Hæc mera libertas; hoc nobis pilea donant. "An quisquam est alius liber, nisi ducere vitam tribuum, puta Velina; Tert. de Resur. PR. cf. Hor. II Od. ii. 9 sqq. philosophia servias oportet, ut tibi contingat vera libertas. non differtur in diem, qui se illi subjecit et tradidit, statimque circumagitur. hoc enim ipsum philosophiæ servire libertas est; Sen. Ep. 8. Plin. Ep. VII. xvi. 4. K. Juv. ii. 77, note. Compare that expression in the second morning collect: "O God, whose service is perfect freedom." When a slave was manumitted, he was enrolled in one of the tribes, and thereupon received a tally. VS. Juv. vii. 174, note. M. cf. Plin. xvi. 18. PR. Sen. Ben. iv. 28. K. 74. The prænomen (Publius) was given after the patron who manumitted the slave; this and the addition of the name of the tribe, Velina (which is in the ablative case), designate a free citizen. LU. Velina was one of the country tribes. K. cf. Juv. v. 127. Emeruit. The metaphor is taken from the military, when they had served their time; PR. and is also applied to gladiators; cf. Juv. vi. 113. M. By the Norban Law (which was passed A. U. 771.) there were three modes of obtaining plenary liberty (1) by the Prætor's wand, (2) by the census, (3) by will and testament. K. cf. AD. A slur is thrown on the liberty, which the enfranchised slave acquires, by the terms scabiosum [from which our word SHABBY is perhaps derived] smutty' or 'scurvy,' and tesserula paltry ticket.' G. 75. Quiritem is used by poetical license: properly it is only a plural noun. VS. Juv. viii. 47. G. Not a three-penny groom,' or 'a two-penny half-penny groom.' 77. Vappa dead wine,' one half knave and one half fool.' Hor. 1 S. i. 103 sq. PR. Lippus; ii. 72. note. M. 'Not to be trusted with a feed of beans.' LU. farrago est, quod ex pluribus satis, pabuli causa, datur jumentis; Festus; Plin. xviii. 16. Virg. G. iii. 205 sq. PR. 'meslin.' M. Owing to the frequent occurrence of this failing in the fraternity; the name OSTLER has been humorously derived, by syncope, from OAT-STEALER. 78. Exit; Hor. A. P. 22. K. 79. Gaudent prænomine molles auricula; Hor. II S. v. 32. PR. 80. Hence it appears that even freedmen were promoted to the bench. CAS. Such a man as this would be likely to spite a person to whom he bore a grudge. Hor. II S. i. 49 sqq. Juv. vii. 116, note; and cf. Claud. xxiv. 100. K. 81. Auròs pa, as was said of Pythagoras. PR. cf. Cic. N. D. i. 5. We may take the matter upon his ipse dixit.' Adsigna. Juv. viii. 142 sqq. Mart. IX. lxxxix. 2 sqq. K. 82. Vult libertas dici mera; Hor. I Ep. xviii. 8. K. This is liberty in the bare, outward, literal sense of the word.' M. 83. Marcus thinks to silence the Stoic by a regular syllogism. CAS. For his major premiss, he takes the genuine definition of liberty: est potestas vivendi ut velis; Cic. Par. 5. Off. i. or ǹ iλOrgía ovría aurorgayías Laert. Zen. 76. One twirl:' the master, at the same time, addressing him to the follow Cui licet, ut voluit? Licet, ut volo, vivere: non sum 85 Liberior Bruto?" 'Mendose colligis,' inquit Stoicus hic, aurem mordaci lotus aceto: Hoc (reliqua accipio) licet, ut volo, vivere, tolle.' Disce! sed ira cadat naso rugosaque sanna, ἐλεύθερός ἐστιν ὁ ζῶν ὡς βούλεται Arr. 85. Cf. Juv. v. 37, note. V. Max. v. 8. Flor. i. 9. PR. 86. Vinegar was used as a remedy in cases where persons were hard of hearing; Cels. vi. 7. K. The Stoics were very acute in argument and in detecting fallacies. Cic. Fin. iii. 3. PR. 87. I admit your proposition; your assumption I deny.' LU. tu mihi qui imperitus, aliis servis miser, atque duceris, ut nervis alienis mobile lignum. quisnam igitur liber? sapiens, sibi qui imperiosus; Hor. II S. vii. 81 sqq. improbos non ita dicunt esse servos ut mancipia quæ sunt dominorum facta nexu, aut aliquo jure civili: sed, si servitus sit, sicut est, obedientia fructi animi et abjecti, et arbitrio carentis suo, quis neget omnes leves, omnes cupidos, omnes denique improbos esse servos? an ille mihi liber videatur, cui mulier imperat, leges imponit, vetat quod videtur, &c. Cic. Par. 5. PR. Hor. II Od. ii. 18. 88. Vindicta was the wand which the prætor laid on the head of the manumitted slave, when he declared him free. VS. AD. cf. Liv. ii. 5. PR. Ov. A. A. iii. 615 sq. K. Hor. II S. vii. 76. M. The blow, which the slave received at manumission, might represent the last indignity he was to receive; the laying on of the prætor's wand was similar to the mode in which the king, at the present day, confers knighthood. Meus 'my own master.' LU. Ter. Ph. IV. i. 21. K. 90. Masurius Sabinus was an eminent lawyer in the reign of Tiberius, by whom fiddled away his clients. G. Rubrica; Juv. xiv. 192, note. PR. dicant cur condita sit lex bis sex in tabulis, et cur rubrica minetur? Prud. v. G. 91. The metaphor may be taken from dogs, whose anger is shown by the wrinkling of their nostrils. LU. χολὰ ποτὶ ῥινὶ xábnrar Theoc. i. 18. vetu 'st adagium fames et mora bilem in nasum concient;' Plaut. Amph. IV. iii. 40 sq. PR. The Hebrew Nanger' is derived from he blew through the nostrils.' M. Sanna; i. 62. LU. 92. Γραώδεις μύθους· 1 Tim. iv. 7. fabellas aniles; Hor. II S. vi. 77 sq. M. From your breast.' Ov. M. ix. 201. sqq. K. The lungs were considered the seat of pride. CAS. 93. Stulti omnes servi, and insaniunt omnes præter sapientem, were Stoical tenets. PR. The prætor cannot make a man wise; therefore he cannot make him free.' M. "The nicer shades of duty." G. cf. Arist. Eth. ii. 6.9. quid deceat, quid non; quo virtus, quo ferat error; Hor. A.P.308. PR. Tira à àμagríμara id, quod non licet, si nec majus nec minus umquam fieri potest, quoniam in eo est peccatum, si non licuit, quod semper unum et idem est; quæ ex eo peccata nascuntur, æqualia sint oportet; Cic. Par. 3. K. 94. And to make over to him such 95 Sambucam citius caloni aptaveris alto. Stat contra ratio et secretam gannit in aurem, 100 Diluis helleborum, certo compescere puncto experience as may carry him safely down the rapid stream of life.' DN. 95. The Sambuca was a triangular harp, of four strings originally, invented by Ibycus of Rhegium. Ath. iv. 23. xiv. sq. but it was probably much more ancient. Daniel iii. 5. Vitr. vi. Spart. Hadr. PR. Macr. S. ii. 10. (Polyb. v. 37. GRO.) cf. Hor. I Ep. xviii. 59. II Ep. ii. 143 sq. K. cf. Juv. iii. 63, note. Calones were porters employed in the camp to carry wood (xãλov) and water. LU. nalopógo Ath. invidet usum lignorum tibi calo; Hor. I Ep. xiv. 41 sq. PR. The name was afterwards applied to other porters cohors culta servorum, lectica formosis imposita culonibus; Sen. Ep. 110. K. The epithet alto is emphatic. LU. voos pangos, was a Greek proverb. PM. i äɣav μeɣáda Beads Arist. Physiog. PR. ingens; 190. άvng τgionaidenárnxus Theoc. xv. 17. cf. Cat. Îxvii. 47. lxxxvi. 4. K. 96. Ne sutor ultra crepidam: [Plin. xxxv. 10. V. Max. VIII. xii. extr. Ammian. xxviii. 1.] cf. Cic. T. Q. i. King Ptolemy, when he was giving his opinion very freely on the art of playing the lyre, was told by Stratonicus the musician that λñeтgov and σxñrreo were not exactly synonymous: Ath. viii. 10. PR. Whines' it is properly the noise which a dog or a fox makes. LU. PR. Cat. lxxxiii. 4. Ter. Ad. 1V. ii. 17. K. 98. The common law of our nature,' as opposed to the rubric of Masurius;' 90. PR. 99.Should hold as forbidden.' CAS. 100. Do you attempt to compound medicines, who do not understand the use of the balance?' LU. statera the steelyard.' VS. Petr. 35. 67. Suet. Vesp. 25. Plin. H. N. xxxiii. 11. K. abrotonum agro non audet, nisi qui didicit, dare: quod medicorum est, promittunt medici; Hor. II Ep. i. 114 sqq. PR. Certo compescere puncto (I think) means 'to bring the tongue to a state of quiescence, between the cheeks of the cavity through which it vibrates, by slipping the weight to a certain point on the graduated arm.' Thus compescere lucum, i. e. lucum suis finibus cohihere; Festus; and in like manner, compescere populos, impetus, dolores, iras, mores dissolutos, styli luxuriantiam, linguam, &c. cf. F. and note on i. 6. 102. Navim agere ignarus navis timet; Hor. Il Ep. i. 114. PR. Poscat implies presumption. K. Peronatus: Juv. xiv. 186, note. PR. The epithet is emphatic, for sailors wear thin and pliant shoes to give them a firmer footing both on deck and among the rigging. 103. Luciferieven of the morning star,' and consequently of the stars in general.' Ov. Tr. 1. x. 13. K. CAS. A knowledge of which was essential to navigation in those days, before the invention of the mariner's compass: Virg. Æ. iii. 512 sqq. PR. and even at pre sent. In one of our trips from Southampton to Guernsey, during a fine starlight night, a naval officer, who was one of the passengers on deck, observed that we were making fast for the Portland lights. The steersman was puzzled, as, according to the compass, the course of the vessel was quite correct. The captain was called up; and, seeing at once, that the lights a-head were those on the Portland rocks, contrary to the indication of the compass, he observed the stars and immediately ascertained that there was something wrong. He ordered the quarter-deck to be instantly cleared: on their removing a large green parrot in Frontem de rebus. Tibi recto vivere talo 105 Ars dedit? et veri speciem dignoscere calles, Ne qua subærato mendosum tinniat auro? Quæque sequenda forent quæque evitanda vicissim, Es modicus voti? presso lare? dulcis amicis? "Hæc mea sunt, teneo," quum vere dixeris, esto Liberque ac sapiens, prætoribus ac Jove dextro. 115 Sin tu, quum fueris nostræ paullo ante farinæ, Pelliculam veterem retines et fronte politus its cage, which had been standing to the east of the compass, the needle instantly righted, veering round to the true point. The accident delayed us about two hours. Melicerta was the child of Ino, who to save him from the insane fury of her husband Athamas, king of Thebes, leaped with him into the sea; where Neptune, at the request of Venus, took them both into his suite, under the names of Leucothoe and Palæmon, G. CAS. or Portunus. Ov. M. iv. 311 sqq. Virg. G. i. 437 sq. PR. Apoll. I. viii. 2. K. 104. Frontem. clament periisse pudorem cuncti; Hor. II Ep. i. 80 sq. PR. Juv. xiii. 242, note. Mart. XI. xxviii. 7. K. ii. 43, note. To walk uprightly.' T. cadat an recto stet talo; Hor. II Ep. i. 176. PR. talo for pede, as in Juv. vii. 16. og ẞñvai rodi Eur. Hel. 1465. K. The metaphor is very common in Holy Scripture as in Psalms xv. 2. lxxxiv. 11. Proverbs x. 9. &c. M. 105. Juv. xiv. 109, note. K. 106. Cf. iii. 21, notes. LU. qui per argentum æs videt; Petr. 56. K. 108. Cf. ii. 1, notes. PR. Cat. xxxvii. 10. (DC.) Mart. XII. lxxii. K. 109. Cf. ii. 3, &c. si est animus tibi modicus, continens, ambitionis expers; Plaut. PR. Is your establishment kept within your income?' Dulcis; cf. Hor. 1 S. iv. 135. M. 110. The allusion perhaps is to the public granaries at Rome, which were periodically opened for the relief of the poorer citizens, as well as in times of dearth and scarcity. M. cf. Cic. Off. i. 14. Κ. ὁ ἐλευθέριος οὐ δώσει ὅτε οὐ δεῖ· οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἔτι πράττοι κατὰ τὴν ἐλευθεριότητα· καὶ εἰς ταῦτα ἀναλώσας, οὐκ ἂν ἔχοι εἰς ἃ δεῖ avaλion Arist. Eth. iv. 1. 111. The waggish boys at Rome used to stick a piece of money in the mud, with a string fastened to it; and if any miserly fellow, coming by, stooped to pick it up, they jerked it away and laughed at him. HO. in triviis fixum qui se demittit ob assem; Hor. I Ep. xvi. 64. cf. II Od. ii. 23 sq. PR. ab asse crevit; et puratus fuit quadrantem de stercore mordicus tollere; Petr. 43. K. 112. Without finding, like a greedy glutton, that your mouth waters at the sight of such a prize.' G. cf. ii. 44, note. 113. Cf. Hor. II S. vii. 78 sqq. K. 114. With a body enfranchised by the prætors, and a mind by Jove.' PR. Prop. III. i. 47. quæ sit libertas, quæris? nulli rei servire, nulli necessitati, nullis casibus; fortunam in æquum deducere; Sen. Ep. 51. non homines timere, non deos; nec turpia velle, nec nimia; in se ipsum habere maximam potestatem; ib. 75. cf. Claud. viii. 257 sqq. K. 115. "One of our batch." G. A metaphor from loaves. LU. Suet. Aug. 4. The Stoics were not so arrogant as to deem themselves free and wise; a character, which they looked up to, as elevated almost beyond the reach of human attainment. K. 116. A metaphor from snakes, which Astutam vapido servas sub pectore vulpem, Quæ dederam supra, repeto, funemque reduco. Hæc miscere nefas; nec, quum sis cetera fossor, cast their slough. CAS. Ov. M. ix. 266. vii. 237. Virg. G. iii. 425 sq. Æ. ii. 471 sq. or (2) an allusion to the fable of the Fox in a Lion's skin. Hor. II S. i. 62 sq. iii. 186. I Ep. xvi. 44 sq. K. or (3) to Blacks who can never be washed white. PR. cf. Juv. xiii. 239, note. Fronte; cf. iv. 14. M. Juv. ii. 8. 117. Numquam te fallant animi sub vulpe latentes; Hor. A. P. 437. PR. Claud. xviii. 145. v. 484. Pind. Ol. xi. Yet what so trifling?" G. and apparently so easy? but it is be 20 sqq. Theocr. i. 48. v. 112 sq. aλwn-yond the power of the gods to grant.' ni Arist. V. 1233. P. 1090. K. Vapido; cf. 77. M. 118. Supra, i. e. in 113. LU. Repeto I pronounced you free, conditionally; on failure of these conditions, I revoke my concession.' LU. The metaphor is taken from animals or birds, which are allowed a certain degree of liberty, but at the same time secured by a string. If they abuse their liberty, they are pulled in. PR. cf. Juv. xii. 5, note. M. "I would have thee gone; And yet no further than a wanton's bird; Who lets it hop a little from her hand, Like a poor prisoner in his twisted gyves, And with a silk thread plucks it back again;" Shaksp. Rom. and Jul. II. i. G. 119. Whatever the prætor may have done, philosophy has done nothing for you.' M. Persius (who had the passage in the Enchiridion of Epictetus before him, ἡ φιλοσοφία φησὶν, ὅτι οὐδὲ τὸν δάκτυλον ἐκτείνειν εἰκῆ προσήκει) labours to prove that there is no medium between absolute wisdom and absolute folly; from which notable position it follows (among other consequences) that the fool cannot perform the most trivial act without blundering egregiously. G. T. PR. M. auri navem evertat gubernator an paleo, in re aliquantulum, in gubernatoris inscitia nihil interest. lapsa est libido in muliere ignota, dolor ad pauciores Litabis; cf. ii. 75, note. PR. 121. Short' is applied in our own language to weight. 122. Hæc i. e. folly and right.' K. 123. Histrio, si paulo se movit extra numerum, aut si versus pronunciatus est syllaba una brevior aut longior, exsibilatur et exploditur: in vita, quæ omni gestu moderatior, omni versu aptior esse debet, ut in syllaba, te peccare dices? poetam non audio in nugis, in vitæ societate audiam civem, digitis peccata dimetientem sua? &c. Cic. Par. 3. CAS. Virg. E. vi. 27. Prop. II. xviii. 16. cf. Mart. XI. lxxxv. 3 sq. Ov. Am. II. iv. 29. K. Of Bathyllus dancing the Satyr.' cf. Virg. E. v. 73. Hor. A. P. 221. II Ep. ii. 125. PR. I S. v. 63. Movere to dance.' Hor. A. P. 232. PR. I S. ix. 24. III Od. vi. 21. Ον. A. A. iii. 350. K. Bathyllus; cf. Juv. vi. 63, note. Ath. i. 17. PR. 124. Dama maintains his conclusion, notwithstanding the overthrow of his premisses. liber, liber sum!" Hor. II S. vii. 92. PR. Unde datum sentis? Hor. II S. ii. 31. (BY.) K. Tot subdite rebus; cf. Hor. II S. vii. 75 sqq. K. iii. 28, note. M. |