free bom,

130 Ne prior Albinam et Modiam collega salutet ?

Divitis hic servi claudit latus ingenuorum
Filius : alter enim, quantum in legione Tribuni
Accipiunt, donat Calvinæ vel Catienæ,

Ut semel atque iterum super illam palpitet : at tu, 135 Quum tibi vestiti facies scorti placet, hæres

Et dubitas alta Chionen deducere sella.
Da testem Romæ tam sanctum, quam fuit hospes must
Numinis Idæi: procedat vel Numa vel qui
Servavit trepidam flagranti ex æde Minervam :

130. “Should be before-hand in pay- Chione was another well-known couring his respects;' which, being the greater tezan. Mart. I. xxxv. xxxvi. xciii. III. compliment and the greater proof of xxx. xxxiv. lxxxiii. lxxxvii. xcvii. XI. friendship, LU. would be likely to sup- Ixi. &c. PR. M. R. plant less attentive rivals in the wills of 137. Da produce' was a forensic term, these rich dowagers. cf. i. 117. PR. The R. two prætors here meant are probably the The Sibylline books being consulted Urbanus who judged causes between (A. U. 548.) for the proper expiation citizens, and the Peregrinus who was the of many alarming prodigies, it was found judge in causes between foreigners. M. that the evils might be averted by bring

131. Hic • at Rome ;' 160. 180. 232. ing Cybele from Phrygia. The five Claudere latus is 'to walk on the left side deputies who were sent to fetch this proof a person and give him the wall.' FE. tectress (a rude and shapeless stone) from Hor. II S. v. 18. PR. cf. Mart. II. xlvi. Pessinus, were directed by the oracle to 8. VI. lxviii. 4. R.

place her at their return in the hands of 132. ' The pay of a military tribune,' the most virtuous man in the commonforty-eight pieces of gold, put for an wealth, till her temple should be preindefinitely large sum. The foot-soldier pared. The senate unanimously de. received twelve pieces, the centurion clared P. Corn. Scipio Nasica to be the double, the horse-soldier treble, and the man; and with him the goddess was tribune quadruple. LI. GRO. The Ro- lodged. G. VS. Liv. xxix. 10. PR. and man army first received pay A. U. 347. 14. xxxv. 10. Plin. vii. 34. Thus the Liv. iy. PR.

ark was received into the houses of Abi133. Junia Calvina and Catiena were nadab and Obed-Edom; 1 Sam. vii, 1. celebrated courtezans. The former is 2 Sam. vi. 10 sqq. R. mentioned, Suet. Vesp. GR. Tac. A. 138. Cybele is called Idæu parens ; xii. 4. 8. (LI.) R.

Virg. Æ. x. 252 sqq. Ov. F. iv. 182. LU. 134. ''To enjoy her once or twice : This Ida was in Phrygia, there was anwhereas thou,' i.e. Juvenal. M.

other in Crete. ibid. 207. PR. 135. - Well dressed.' BRI. Or clad Numa Pompilius, second king of Rome, in the toga ;' see i. 96. č. 70. FE. Or the chief founder of their religion. FA. 12.

ordinary,' and therefore · thoroughly Liv. i. 18. PR. dressed' as having no beauty to show. cf.

139. L. Cæcilius Metellus, chief ponHor. I S. ii. 83 sqq. Mart. III. iii. PR. tiff, (who had been consul twice, dictaHærere ' to hesitate.' VS.

tor, &c.) ' saved the palladium from the 136. These females used to sit in high temple of Vesta when in flames,' but lost chairs' in order to be seen the better by his eye-sight in consequence. VS i. 265. those who were looking after them. cf. R. The people conferred on him the Sen. Ben. i. 9. Plaut. Pæn. I. ii. 54 sqq. singular privilege of riding to the SenateHor. I S. ii. 101 sqq. Hence are derived house in a chariot. Plin. vii. 43. PR. the terms sellarius, sellularius, sellariola The epithet trepida is here applied to popina and sellaria ; Tac. A. vi. 1. Mart. Minerva: which would more properly V. lxxi. 3. Suet. Tib. 43, VS. FE. belong to the Romans; heu quantum

es later,

140 Protenus ad censum, (de moribus ultima fiet

Quæstio,) “ Quot pascit servos ? Quot possidet agri
Jugera ? Quam multa magnaque paropside cænat?”
Quantum quisque sua nummorum servat in arca,

Tantum habet et fidei. Jures licet et Samothracum
145 Et nostrorum aras; contemnere fulmina pauper

Creditur atque Deos, Dîs ignoscentibus ipsis.
Quid, quod materiam præbet causasque jocorum
Omnibus hic idem, si fæda et scissa lacerna,

Si toga sordidula est et rupta calceus alter
150 Pelle patet; vel si consuto vulnere crassum

Atque recens linum ostendit non una cicatrix? Crank,
Nil habet infelix paupertas durius in se,

timuere patres, quo tempore Vesta arsit! Minerva. LU. Virg. Æ. ii. 12. PR. see attonita flebant demisso crine ministre: Cumberland, Orig. app. de Cabb. G. abstulerat vires corporis ipse timor. (Ves- 145. • To swear by the altars,' i. e. tales Metellus) dubitare videbat et pavidas 'laying your hands on the altars, and posito procubuisse genu; Ov. F. vi. 437. swearing by the deities to whom the altars &c. G.

were consecrated.' GR. Hor. II Ep. i. 140. Quærenda pecunia primum est, 16. M. xiv. 219. Tib. IV. xii. 15. Sil. virtus post nummos; Hor. I Ep. i. 53 sq. vii. 105. R. St Matt. xxiii. 18 sqq. R. Thus they quite reversed the order of * To despise,' as if the poor were bethings, for sit omne judicium, non quam

neath the notice of the gods. BA. cf. locuples, sed qualis quisque sit; Cic. Off. Hor. 11 Od. x. 11 sq. Or as if the deities ü. 20. GR.

would forgive perjury, when it originated 141. A person's fortune is estimated in necessity and not in wilfulness. vs. by the establishment he keeps.' LU. 146. The sentiment in these lines vii. 76. 93. ix. 67. 136. xi. 28. R. seems borrowed from a Greek comedy;

142. Jugerum was as much land as apóosotuväga xai rã riund' aristía vär could be ploughed in a day by one yoke σοφός υπάρχη, κάν λίγη το συμφερον, δοκεϊ of oxen. LU.

τι φράσεις τους ακούουσιν κακώς, των γάρ IIagoyis' a dish.' T. “What sort of πενήτων πίστιν ουκ έχει λόγος ανήρ δε table he keeps.' PR.

πλουτών, κάν άγαν ψευδηγορή δοκεϊ τι
143. Quia tanti, quantum habeas, sis; Qgáou toīs exououo' soparis. Phil. fr. G.
Hor. I S. i. 62. in pretio pretium nunc 147. See 86. “ Men of all sorts take
est, dat census honores, census amicitias, a pride to gird at him ;" as Falstaff says;
pauper ubique jacet; Ov. F. i. 217 sq. K. H. iv. pt. ii. A. I. sc. ii.
LU. aurum atque ambitio specimen virtu- 148. Hic idem pauper. LU.cf. Theoph.
tis utrique est, tantum habeas, tantum ipse Ch. xix. 3. Sen. Ep. 93. Suet. Aug. 73.
sies, tantique habearis; Lucil. VS.“ Men's R.
honesties,” says Barnaby Rich, "are Lacerna; i. 62. PR.
now measured by the Subsidie Book; he 149. ' Somewhat shabby and soiled."
that is rich is honest; and the more a PR. Cf. Hor. I S. ii. 31 sq. Mart. I. civ.
man doth abounde in wealth, so much he 5 sq.

R.
doth exceed, and that as well in honestie Calceus; vii. 192. R.
as in wit;" Irish Hubbub. G.

150. Vulnus'a rent;'V. Flac.i.480. R.
144. The Thracian Samos at the north 151. Cicatrir • a seam.' LU.
of the Ægean is now called · Samandra- 152. Paupertas fecit, ut ridiculus forem;
chi.' The Roman penates came origi- Plaut. Stich. I. ü. 20 &c. huic quantum
nally from this island. Macrobius üi. adjiciunt stultitiam,negligentiam ,somnium,
4. says, “ the Samothracian gods' (called et gulam ; Id. Quer. magnum pauperies op-
Cabiri) were Jupiter, Juno, Vesta, and probrium jubet quidvis facere et pati; Hor.

66

cushion

glaistor Pinnirapi cultos juvenes juvenesque lanistæ. foncry

Quam quod ridiculos homines facit. · Exeat," inquit,

“ Si pudor est, et de pulvino surgat equestri,
155 Cujus res legi non sufficit et sedeant hic”-

Lenonum pueri quocumque in fornice nati.
Hic plaudat nitidi præconis filius inter agehuoneer

master
Sic libitum vano, qui nos distinxit, Othoni.
160 Quis gener hic placuit censu minor atque puellæ

Sarcinulis impar? Quis pauper scribitur heres?
Quando in consilio est Ædilibus ? Agmine facto
Debuerant olim tenues migrasse Quirites. ,
Haud facile emergunt, quorum virtutibus obstat

III Od. xxiv. 42 sq. LU. xi. 2 sq. v. 157 men of popularity were received with
sg. ουκ έστι πενίας ουδέν άθλιώτερον εν τω βίω plaudits on their entrance. Hor. I-Od.
σύμπτωμα και γαρ άν φύσει σπουδαίος ής, ΧΧ. 3 sq. LU. R.
rions di, xatyw; čom. Crat. in Stob. Plaudat implies spectet. PR.
See the Comm. on St Matt. v. 3. R. Nitidus and cultus sleek, spruce,

153. Quid turpius quam illudi? Cic. smart,' the consequence of opulence.
Am. PR.

M. R.
They used to sit promiscuously in the 158. The Samnite gladiator wore a
theatres, till L. Koscius Otho, the tri- crest of peacock's feathers, his adversary
bune, introduced a law, (A. U. 685.) the retiarius endeavoured to throw his net
by which the fourteen rows with cushions, over the plume. T. LI. Cum septem in-
next to the senators' seats, were reserved columis pinnis redit ac recipit se; Lucil.
for knights exclusively. The elder Afri- VS. cf. q. 143. PR.
canus had obtained the like privilege for

Lanista was

• the fencing-master' who
the senators, about 130 years before. taught the gladiators laniare ' to mangle'
Both these regulations were extremely each other. PR.
unpopular; and the distinction was grow- 159. Such was the whim and caprice.'
ing obsolete, when Domitian revived it, - M.
and appointed overseers of the theatres to 160. • Of less fortune than the bride.'
enforce it. Suet. Dom. 8. Lectius, one Themistocles showed more sense, saying
of these functionaries, was very officious; that he preferred, for his daughter, a man
perhaps he may be the speaker here. (x. without money to money without a man.
291. R.) of. Mart. V. viii. xxv. LU. Plut. LU.
PR. G, xxvii.

161. • To the dowry;" VS. rather le
154. ' Any respect for the prince or trousseuu,' ACH. “the wardrobe or outfit
the Roscian law. PR. cf. xiv. 323 of the bride.'

Quis? nemo. LU. 160. 208. &c. 155. Cf. i. 106.

162. Curia pauperibus clausa est, dat
Et sedeant hic—the theatre-keeper's census honores; Ov. · Even the lowest
speech is taken up by Umbritius and magistrates would never think of consult-
continued with indignant irony. LU. ing them. T. The ædiles were of two

156. Men of the vilest origin or cha- sorts, curule and plebeian. PR. cf. AD.
racter take the equestrian seats, if they Agmine facto; Virg. G. iv. 167. Æ, i.
have but the requisite income, no matter 86. M. cf. x. 218. R.
how it may have been acquired.? Hor. 163. He alludes to the secession of the
Ep. iv. 15 sq. PR. M.

Plebeians to the Sacred Mount. Flor, i.
Fornir 'a vaulted cellar, a low bro- 23. LU. Liv. }i. 32 sq. iii. 50 sqq. PR.
thel ;' xi. 171. Hor. I S. ii. 30. R.

Tenues · poor.' PR.
157. Not only was applause given to 164. Cf. vii. 61 sq. et genus et virtus, nisi
the performers; but the emperors and cum re, vilior alga est ; Hor. II S. v.

899. R.

Cathen man

165 Res angusta domi; sed Romæ durior illis

Conatus : magno hospitium miserabile, magno
Servorum ventres, et frugi cænula magno.
Fictilibus cænare pudet, quod turpe negavit

Translatus subito ad Marsos mensamque Sabellam
170 Contentusque illic veneto duroque culullo.

Pars magna Italiæ est, si verum admittimus, in qua Nemo togam sumit, nisi mortuus. Ipsa dierum Festorum herboso colitur si quando theatro

Majestas tandemque redit ad pulpita notum 175 Exodium, quum personæ pallentis hiatum

a basin.

8. M. pigra extulit arctis haud umquam tum lutum ; Mart. III. Ixxiv. 4. cf. VIII. sese virtus; Sil. xii. 773. ad summas vi. 2. XIV. cvij. 2. Tib. I. i. 40. R. emergere opes; Lucr. ii. 13. R. údúva toy 172. The toga was the dress of ceregde i ou pódios tà nadů zgáttsıvá zogánn- mony, worn by the poor, when they paid τον όντα πολλά γαρ πράττεται καθάπερ δι' their respects to the rich: it was also the οργάνων, και διά φίλων και πλούτου και dress of business. In the country the Toastixñs durcéjews: Arist. Eth. i. 8. PR. tunic was the usual dress, which was less Claudian insinuates that things were cumbersome, 179. Martial says of Spain changed for the better in his days; non ignota est toga ; XII. xviii. 17. cf. IV. obruta virtus paupertate jacet: lectos er Ixvi. 3. X. xlvii. 5. li. 6. Pliny of his omnibus oris evehis, et meritum, non quæ villa, ibi nulla necessitas toga; Ep. ix. cunabula, quæris ; et qualis, non unde 1. vii. 3. both of them regarding this satus; Stil. i. 121 sqq. G.

circumstance as a comfort. But the 165. · It is difficult any where ; but Romans always dressed the remains of &c.' PR.

their deceased friends with the most 166. Magno understand constat pretio. punctilious care. Mart. IX. lviii. 8. G. LU.

LI. PR. 167. “ Servants' appetites,' i. e. ' the 173. It was many ages before the keep of servants.' VS. xi. 162

$99.

R. Romans could boast of a permanent 168. Magnus ille est qui fictilibus sic theatre; the first was built by Pompey, utitur, quemadmodum argento; nec ille of hewn stone : Tac. A. xiv. 20. The minor est, qui argento sic utitur, quem- temporary country theatres were conadmodum fictilibus; Sen. LU.

structed of turf. LU. Virg. Æ. v. 286 Negabit; GR. FE. HO, negabis; VA. sqq. M. in gradibus sedit populus de cespite negarit; cf. xiv. 134. G. but no alteration fuctis; Ov. A. A. i. 107 &c. R. Prop. is necessary, for the verbis put indefinitely, IV. i. 15. Our word scene is derived • which no one would be ashamed of.' from oxnon a shady bower.' PR. LU. See notes on étéßn, Her. iii. 82. 174. ^ The solemnity.' LU. and ipságnoar, Her. vii. 10.

Tandem at the expiration of the year, 169. Cf. xiv. 180. Frugality was not or 'at the conclusion of the serious play.' yet exploded in these parts of Italy. BE. Redit for rediit has its last syllable long. At Rome every thing is extravagantly Pulpita “the stage. viii. 195. FE. LŮ. dear, and yet we dare not retrench for xiv. 257. R. Notum; in Rome some fear of being despised; in the country we novelty was produced. PR. should have none of these prejudices to 175. The farce' acted after the traencounter; we might be poor without gedy, to dispel melancholy impressions. T. becoming the objects of scorn, and frugal vi. 71. PR. The sioodia were performed without being thought ridiculous. G. at the beginning, and the xreßora . inter

170. Veneto .of common blue ware.' ludes' in the middle of the drama. princulullo “a bowl or great handled cup,' cipio exitus dignus exodiumque sequetur; properly of earthen ware.' Schol. on Lucil, VS. Liv, vii. 2. R. Hor. I Od. xxxi. 11. A. P. 434. Vene- * The masks' were painted of a

-12,

bang lays

at

In gremio matris formidat rusticus infans;
Æquales habitus illic similesque videbis
Orchestram et populum: clari velamen honoris,

Sufficiunt tunicæ summis Ædilibus albæ.
180 Hic ultra vires habitus nitor: hic aliquid plus,

Quam satis est, interdum aliena sumitur arca.
Commune id vitium est. Hic vivimus ambitiosa
Paupertate omnes. Quid te moror? Omnia Romæ

Cum pretio. Quid das, ut Cossum aliquando salutes ?
185 Ut te respiciat clauso Veiento labello?
Ille metit barbam, crinem hic deponit amati.

4 aside, ghastly colour' and had 'wide mouths' * You pay dearly for every thing to allow free scope to the voice of the Rome; cf. 166 sq. LU.

has it can actor. FA. LU. στόμα κεχηνός πάμ- 184. -What does it not cost you to μεγα ως καταπιόμενος τους θεατές: Luc. bribe the domestics of Cossus to admit F. ogx. 27. cf. Hor. A. P. 277. Plaut. you to his morning levee ? LU. DifRud. 11. vi. 51. R.

ficiles aditus primos habet. Haud mihi 176. That women used to carry deero: muneribus servos corrumpam: non, children to the theatre appears from the hodie si exclusus fuero, desistam ;" &c. following passage ; nutrices pueros infantes, Hor. I S. ix. 56 sqq. PR. ÝÒ bugwgão minutulos domi ut precurent, neve spec- κακώς συρίζονται και ονομακλήτορι Λιβυκώ tatum afrant, ne et ipsa sitiant, et pueri ταττόμενων και μισθον τελούντα της μνήμης peritent fame; neve esurientes hic quasi Toũ óvópatos Lucian F. t. étè fiction hædi obvagiant; Plaut. Pæn. pr. PŘ. ouvórtwi R. We may suppose Aurelius

177. Illic. in country towns.' Cossus to have been a wealthy nobleman

178. “The orchestra' was the space of the day. M. next the stage, where the senators were 185. Fabricius Veiento; iv. 113. vi. accommodated with chairs; vii. 47. The 82 sqq. T. Tac. xiv. 50. Plin. iv. 22. PR. rustic theatre had no such orchestra; the Mart. X. x. 5. Suet. Ner. 37. Seneca word here denotes the place next the per- de Br. Vit. 2. R. formers, where the most consequential Clauso labello without once deigning country-gentlemen sat. FE. PR. G.

to open his lips. PR. 179. For the very highest personages,

186. The wealthier Romans, on arthe ædiles, it is distinction enough to riving at manhood, dedicated the first wear a white tunic; LU. FE. which shavings of their beard and pollings of would have been no distinction at Rome. their hair to some deity: many to the Mart. IV. ü. PR.

Pythian Apollo, others to Æsculapius, 180. ‘Beyond their means.' BRI. others to the river gods of their country: vü. 138. R.

Mart. I. xxxii. IX. xvii. xviii. Nero 181. ' And this extravagance is at the enclosed his in a golden pix adorned expence of others;' vi. 351 sqq. by either with pearls, and offered it with great hiring, borrowing, or pilfering. LU. state to Capitoline Jove. Dio. Suet. 12. 182. ï. 46. LU.

The day of dedication was kept as a fes* Ambitious of living beyond our in- tival, and complimentary presents were come,' in order to be thought richer than expected from friends and clients, as on we really are. LU. vi. 352. (vii. 50.) birthdays. Here the poor client has to Theoph. Ch. xxi. R.

pay.

the same compliment to the patron's 183. “Why should I detain your minions, in order to gain the ear of their whence the form of adjourning the se- lord. Ille and hic are two patrons. LU. nate " Nil vos moror, Patres Conscripti;” FA. PR. G. See Hom. JÍ. Y 141 sqq. LU. Ne te morer, audi quo rem deducam; and Schol. on Pind. P. iv. 145. Hor. I S. i. 14 sq. M.

Metit “ has it shaved; deponit “has it