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mo cum quatuor evasit. In- twenty, and at last with but four. venta in castris Annibalis Twenty thousand pounds of silargenti pondo xx. millia, ver were found in Annibal's camp, auri octingenta, cæteræ su- and eight hundred of gold, with pellectili copiosa. Post id ether baggage in great plenty. certamen pax cum Cartha- Aeftr that battle a peace was ginensibus facta est. Scipio made with the Carthaginians. Romam rediit, & ingenti Scipio returned to Rome, and trigloria triumphavit, atque umphed in great glory, and began Africanus ex eo appellari to be called from thence Africanus. cœptus est. Finem accepit The second Carthaginian war secundum Punicum bellum, had an end 19 years after it bepost annum nonum deci- gan.

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MILTIADES, Cimonis WHEN Miltiades, the son

filius Atheniensis, quum & of Cimon the Athenian,made of all antiquitate generis, et glo- others the greatest figure, both for riâ majorum, et suâ modes- the antiquity of his family, and the tiâ, unus omnium maxime glory of his ancestors, and his floreret; eâque esset ætate, own modesty; and was of that ut non jam solum de eo benè age, that his countrymen might sperare, sed etiam confidere now not only hope well of him, cives possent sui, talem futu- but even assure themselves, he rum qualem cognitum judi- would be such a one as they carunt; accidit ut Atheni- judged him upon trial; it happenenses Chersonesum colonos ed that the Athenians had a mind vellent mittere. Cujus ge- to send a colony to the Chersonese. neris quum magnus nume- Of which kind of people, as

rus esset, & multi ejus demi- there was a great number, and grationis peterent societa- many desired a share in this expe

tem; ex his delecti Delphos dition; some chosen from amongst deliberatum missi sunt, qui them, were sent to consult the oraconsulerent Apollinem, quo cle, what leader they should above potissimùm duce uterentur. others make use of. For the ThraNam tum Thraces eas re- cians, at that time, had possession giones tenebant cum quibus of those parts, with whom they armis erat dimicandum. His were to fight for it with arms. consulentibus nominatim Py- The Pythoness did expressly order thia præcepit, ut Miltiadem those that consulted her, to take sibi imperatorem sumerent; Miltiades to them as their comid si fecissent, incepta pros- mander; if they did that, their pera futura. Hoc oraculi re- undertakings would be successful. sponso, Miltiades, cum delec- Upon this answer of the oracle, tâ manu, classe Chersonesum Miltiades, with a choice body of profectus, cum accessisset men,going for the Chersonese with Lemnum, & incolas ejus in- a fleet, after he was come up to sulæ sub potestatem redigere Lemnus,and desirous to reduce the vellet Atheniensium, idque inhabitants of that island under the ut Lemni suâ sponte facerent, power of the Athenians, had depostulasset; illi irridentes manded, that the Lemnians would responderunt, Tum id se fac- do that of their own accord; they turos, quum ille, domo navi- bantering him replied, That they bus proficiscens, vento Aqui- quould then do it, when he, coming lone venisset Lemnum: hic by ship from home,should arrive at enim ventus à septentrioni- Lemnus with the wind called Abus oriens, adversum tenet quilo: for this wind arising from Athenis proficiscentibus. the north is full against those that Miltiades, morandi tempus come from Athens. Miltiades, non habens, cursum direxit having no time to stay, steered on quò tendebat, pervenitque his course to the place he was bound Chersonesum. for, and came to the Chersonese. CAP. II. Ibi brevi tem- CHAP. II. There, in a short pore, Barbarorum copiis time, the forces of the barbarians disjectis, totâ regione, quam being routed, having made himself periêrat, potitus, loca castel- master of all the country he went idonea communivit; for, he fortified places proper for multitudinem, quam secum castles; settled the people which he duxerat, in agris collocavit; had carried along with him, in crebrisque excursionibus lo- the lands; and enriched them by

lis

cupletavit. Neque minùs frequent excursions. Nor was he in ea re prudentia quam fe- less assisted in that matter by good licitate, adjutus est: nam conduct, than good fortune: for quum virtute militum devi- after he had, by the bravery of his cisset hostium exercitus, soldiers, routed the enemy's armies, summâ æquitate res consti- he settled affairs with the greatest tuit, atque ipse ibidem ma- equity, and resolved to continue in nere decrevit. Erat enim the same place himself. Forhewas inter eos dignitate regiâ, amongst them invested with requamvis carebat nomine: gal authority, tho' he wanted the neq; id majus imperio quam name: nor did he compass that justitiâ consecutus. Neque more by his command in this exeo secius Atheniensibus, à pedition, than his justice. Nor quibus erat profectus, officia did he the less perform all offices of præstabat. Quibus rebus due subjection to the Athenians fiebat, ut non minus eorum from whom he had gone. By which voluntate perpetuo imperi- means it came to pass, that he um obtineret, qui miserant, held the government without inquam illorum cum quibus termission, no less by the consent of erat profectus. Chersoneso those who had sent him, than of tali modo constituta, Lem- those with whom he had gone. num revertitur, & ex pac- Having thus settledthe Chersonese, to, postulat, ut sibi urbem he returns to Lemnus, and detradant; illi enim dixerant, mands according to their promise, quum vento Boreâ domo that they should surrender up the profectus, eo pervenisset,sese city to him: for they had said that dedituros; se autem do- when coming from home with a mum Chersonesi habere. north wind, he arrived there, they Cares, qui tum Lemnum in- would surrender; but that he colebant, etsi præter opinio- now had his home at the Chersonem res ceciderat, tamen nese. The Carians, who at that non dicto, sed secundâ fortu- time inhabited Lemnus, altho' the na adversariorum capti, re- business had happened contrary to sistere ausi non sunt, atque their expectation, yet being not moex insulâ demigrârunt. Pa- ved by their p. omise, but the good ri felicitate cæteras insulas, fortune of their abversaries, durst quæ Cyclades nominantur, not resist, and removed out of the sub Atheniensum redegit island. With the like good for

potestatem.

tune he reduced the other islands, which are called Cyclades, under the youver of the Athenians.

CAP. III. Eisdem tem- CHAP. III. About the same poribus Persarum rex Da- time Darius, King of the Perrius, ex Asiâ in Europam sians, drawing an army over out exercitu trajecto, Scythis of Asia into Europe, resolved to bellum inferre decrevit. make war upon the Scythians. Pontem fecit in Istro flumi- He made a bridge upon the riv ne, quà copias traduceret. er 1ster, by which to draw his Ejus pontis, dum ipse abes- troops over. He left the Prinset, custodes reliquit princi- ces zohich he had brought along pes quos secum ex Ioniâ & with him from Ionia and Æolis, Æolide duxerat: quibus keepers of that bridge, whilst he singulis ipsarum urbium was away: to each of which perpetua dederat imperia, he had given the perpetual soveSic enim putavit facilaime reignty of their several cities. se Græca linguâ loquentes, For thus he thought he should qui Asiam incolerent, sub most easily keep under his subjecsuâ retenturum potestate, si tion such as spoke the Greek amicis suis oppida tuenda tongue, that inhabited Asia, if he tradidisset: quibus, se op- delivered up those cities to be presso, nulla spes salutis re- maintained by his friends, to linqueretur. In hoc fuit whom no hope of security would tum numero Miltiades, cui be left if he was conquered. Mililla custodia crederetur. tiades was then in this number, Hic, quum crebri afferrent to whom that guard of the nuncii malè rem gerere bridge was entrusted. Here, Darium, premique ab Scy- when frequent messengers brought this; Miltiades hortatus est word, that Darius managed his pontis custodes, ne à fortunâ business but badly, and was hard datam occasionem liberan- pressed by the Scythians; Miltiades dæ Græciæ dimitterent: advised the keepers of the bridge, nam si cum iis copiis, quas that they would not lose an opportusecum transportaverat interi- nity of delivering Greece, given isset Darius, non solum Eu- them by fortune: for, if Daropam fore tutam, sed eti- rius should perish with the army am eos, qui Asiam incole- which he had carried over with rent, Græci genere, liberos him, not only Europe would be à Persarum futuros domina- safe, but likewise those who, betione & periculo. Id et fa- ing Greeks by original, inhabited cilè effici posse; ponte enim Asia, would be free from the dorescisso, regem vel hostium minion of the Persians, and all: ferro vel inopiâ paucis die- danger. And that that might

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bus interiturum. Ad hoc easily be effected; for the bridge consilium quum plerique being cut down the King would accederent, Histiæus Milesi- in a few days perish, either by us, ne res conficeretur, obsti- the enemy's sword, or want. tit, dicens, non idem ipsis, When most of them acceeded to qui summas imperii tene- this advice, Histiæus the Milesian rent, expedire & multitudi- opposed it so, that the thing was ni, quod Darii regno ipso- not done, saying, that the same rum niteretur dominatio: thing was not expedient for them quo extincto ipsos potestate who had the sovereignty of their expulsus civibus suis poenas cities, and the people; that daturos. Itaque adeo se their authority depended uport the abhorrere à cæterorum con- kingdom of Darius; which being silio, ut nihil putet ipsis uti- destroyed, that they being deposed lius, quam confirmari reg- from their office, would be punnum Persarum. Hujus ished by their subjects. Wherefore quum sententiam plurimi es- he was so far from agreeing to sent secuti, Miltiades non the counsel of the rest, that he dubitans, tam multis con- thought nothing was more advansciis, ad regis aures consilia tageous to them than the establishsua perventura, Chersone- ment of the kingdom of the Persum reliquit, ac rursus Athe- sians. As most of them followed nas demigravit. Cujus ra- his advice, Miltiades not doubttio etsi non valuit, tamen ing, so many being privy to the magnopere est laudanda, matter, that his counsels would quum amicior omnium li- come to the King's ears, quitted bertati, quam suæ fuerit the Chersonese, and again removed dominationi.

to Athens, Whose advice, though it did not prevail, is greatly to be commended, since he was more. a friend to the liberty of all, than his own authority.

CAP. IV. Darius autem, CHAP. IV. But Darius, quum ex Europâ in Asiam after he had returned out of Eurediîsset, hortantibus ami- rope into Asia, his friends adviscis, ut Græciam in suam re- ing him to it, that he might redigeret potestatem, classem duce Greece under his authority, quingentarum navium com- fitted out a fleet of five hundred paravit, eique, Datim præfe- ships, and set Datis and Artacit & Artaphernem: hisque phernes, over it, and gave them ducenta peditum millia, & two hundred thousand feet and

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