being caused by a moving light connected with the weight of a clock or other timekeeper. Upon the paper or other scale, "certain spaces are marked off "to represent hours and parts of hours, corresponding with the "distances which the weight that gives motion to a clock or time-keeper descends in certain times." A portion of the weight may be formed as a vessel, called a "light-holder," or the light-holder" may be attached to the weight by any convenient means. A night light is preferred for use in the light-holder. 66 The scale having been fixed upon the wall, care being taken that the weight or light-holder shall pass before it (the scale), if used with reflected light, or behind it if used with transmitted light, "the lamp in the light-holder is lighted, and the clock "wound up until the top of the shadow cast by the light-holder 66 upon the scale coincides with the hour shown upon the face of "the clock." The weight of the clock gradually descends, when the clock is in motion, and the hour is correctly indicated by the position of the shadow upon the scale. 66 66 [Printed, 4d. No Drawings.] A.D. 1857, May 30.-—No 1524. (* *) CLARK, WILLIAM STETTINIUS.-(A communication.)--(Provisional protection only.)—“ Improvements in machinery for the "manufacture of an instrument for sharpening watch-cleaning "sticks used by watchmakers, said instrument being also applicable to the sharpening of small wooden cylinders for other purposes, such as lead pencils, &c." The "sharpener" consists of a hollow cone of metal, open at the base, and having a handle at the top. A steel blade extends from the top to the base; there is a slot under its cutting side. When a pencil is introduced into the sharpener and turned round, the blade will plane it to a fine point. The slot enables the shavings to escape. The invention relates to an improvement in the apparatus for casting the above-described sharpener, and consists in the arrangement of a gauge for the purpose of varying the depth to which the edge of the blade shall be placed in the core of the mould before casting, and of a spring holder and sliding plates which hold the blade in the mould and form the slot by shutting off the composition from the front edge of the blade. [Printed, 6d. Drawing.] A.D. 1857, May 30.-N° 1536. SHERRATT, THOMAS.-(Provisional protection only.)-"Im-"provements in timekeepers." 66 66 This invention relates chiefly to the application to timekeepers of a globe, by the rotation of which on its axis the "time of day on various parts of the earth's surface may be "indicated." There are several modifications, but it is preferred, "to mount the globe on the arbor which carries the hour hand, “and in place of the ordinary clock face to apply a face graduated "to twenty-four hours." The speed of the hour hand arbor is reduced "so that it may complete one rotation in every twenty"four hours." A pointer is attached to the globe or to its axle, and moves round therewith. The said pointer "passing over the graduations on the face of the timekeeper, will indicate the hour "at the place for which the timekeeper is set, and the longitude "lines of the globe will shew by their coincidence with other divi"sions on the graduated face, the hour at other and distant parts "of the world." A pointer is provided to facilitate the reference to the divisions with which the longitude lines coincide at a given amount. The said pointer slides "in an annular groove concen❝tric with the ring of graduations," and guides "the eye from "the lines on the globe to the graduations." The same effect may be accomplished by means of an adjustable indicator on the axis of the globe. The equator of the globe may be used instead of a graduated face; either the equator may rotate before a fixed style, or the globe may be fixed and the style be caused to "rotate around it." 66 [Printed, 4d. No Drawings.] A.D. 1857, June 20.-No 1730. WHITE, JOSEPH.-(Provisional protection only.)-"Improve"ments in escapements for chronometers and other timekeepers." "In place of making the end of the detent of the escapement "into a fine spring, as heretofore, such detent is caused to be "fixed on an axis intermediate of its length, and such axis has a "fine coiled spring at the lower extremity, which constantly "tends to press the end (which is acted on by the cam on the "axis of the impulse roller) towards the escape wheel. In other respects the detent acts in like manner to what it has heretofore done, and the distance the detent is allowed to move in towards 66 66 66 66 the escape wheel is regulated by a banking pin at the other end "of the detent to that where it is acted on by the cam, and in "order to adjust the escapement the bearings of the detent axis are arranged to slide and to be fixed according to requirement. "Or the spring on the axis of the detent may be dispensed with "by placing two pallets on the axis, and connecting them by a pin or screw to the detent in such manner that one of the teeth "of the escape wheel will act on one of the pallats" [pallets?], " and thereby return the detent towards the escape wheel." [Printed, 4d. No Drawings.] A.D. 1857, July 3.-N° 1860. (* *) GARDNER, JOHN EDMUND.-(Provisional protection only.)— "Improvements in illuminated clocks, and in the apparatus employed for lighting the same." 66 This invention consists, first, "in forming the dials of illumi"nated clocks of a simi-opaque glass, known commercially as "Patent enamelled flatted flint glass. "Secondly, in regulating the gas supplied to the burners of "illuminated clocks by means of an ordinary dry regulator, con"structed with a cover which serves to receive any gas which may escape, and with a pipe for conveying such gas to the ex❝terior of the building in which the gas is used. 66 66 Thirdly, in measuring the gas supplied to such burners by means of dry meters, in which the valves are moved by a draw"ing or pulling action only, and in which the diaphragms are "carried by a moveable arm or spindle, so centered that the "flexible materials which connect the valves with the sides of the "meters may with certainty be spread to their full extent in order "that the gas consumed may be measured with greater accuracy "than heretofore." [Printed, 4d. No Drawings.] A.D. 1857, July 3.-N° 1862. AGAR, JOHN, and AGAR, WILLIAM.-"Improvements in "watches, and keys for the same." According to this invention, the teeth of the "going barrel " are "disposed midway between the upper and lower extremities of "the barrel." By this means, the strain upon the lower part of the barrel and centre pinion is removed, and the friction is dis tributed more equally over all the actions than it is by the usual arrangement of the teeth round the extremity of the barrel. Great strength of mainspring is not required, by the use of this invention; also springs may be employed which are "susceptible "of more accurate medium adjustment " than the ordinary springs. It is to be remarked that the centre pinion is made sufficiently high to receive the barrel teeth when in action between the pivots. In connection with the above-described " 'going barrel," an improved ratchet key is employed, as the said going barrel is wound from left to right. "The improvements of the key also "consist in the protection of the spiral" [helical ?] "spring "from rust and dirt, by placing it in a chamber contrived in the "body of the key for the purpose, and in the manner in which "the several parts are put together so as to admit of being easily "taken asunder when required." The drawings represent a key in the shape of a pistol, with an upper and lower ratchet, the spring to the spindle of the lower ratchet being concealed in the body of the key. 66 [Printed, 8d. Drawings.] A.D. 1857, August 13.—No 2162. BENSON, JAMES WILLIAM.-(Provisional protection only.)— Improvements in the construction of bows or handles of "watches, lockets, eye-glasses, and other articles requiring such "appendages." This invention "has for its object to construct these appendages "in such a manner that they cannot be easily detached from the "article to which they are applied, thereby affording greater security than the bows or handles now generally employed, and " which may be easily broken off.” 66 The invention "consists in making the bows or handles with a "double swivel, which will admit of their turning round in "various directions, so that should any attempt be made to twist "off the bow from the article to which it is applied it will "turn on its axis instead of offering a rigid resistance, which may be easily overcome by using a moderate amount of force. "This improved bow or handle may be attached to watches or "other articles by screwing or otherwise, or it may form part of "the case and be made therewith." 66 [Printed, 4d. No Drawings.] A.D. 1857, September 1.-N° 2288. TAYLOR, JOHN GEORGE.-(Provisional protection only.)—“ Improvements in the construction and alteration of doors, shutters, "blinds, and other closures to buildings and erections so as to "allow of their illumination, which improvements are also appli"cable to omnibuses and other vehicles, and to clock dials, "lamps, and postal pillars." 66 66 99.66 "As regards the lighting of clocks,' my improvement is to "make the dial plate of a dark or opaque ground or colour, and "to have it so moulded or pressed out when hot if made of iron 66 or of metal; or where made of metal, or wood, or canvas, or "other materials, to pierce, perforate, or cut out holes or openings "in such dial plate so that the holes or openings so cut out may "represent the hours either in letters or figures, and the minutes by a circle of holes or openings to be lighted by gas or other light from the inside of the dial plate; and in like manner I "face and protect these holes or openings and the front surface "of the hands of the clock with bright coloured or plain glass, or other transparent materials, and supply the hands with a lighted gas apparatus (with or without reflectors) to revolve therewith, so that during the night time such dark ground dial plates, and the pierced holes or openings and lighted hands "would exhibit the hours and minutes of the night, when the "ordinary daylight inscription on the dial plate could not be 66 deciphered." 66 66 66 [Printed, 4d. No Drawings.] A.D. 1857, September 5.-N° 2324. NEWTON, WILLIAM EDWARD.—(A communication from Aaron D. Crane.)—“ Improvements in clocks or timekeepers.” 66 The operating parts of the clock, which forms the subject of this invention, are all actuated by power given off by the strik"ing mechanism at the instant when the hour is sounded." A subsidiary cord (and weight) is wound up each time the striking shaft vibrates. 1st improvement.-"Pallets and scape wheels " are used to actuate the moving parts. 2nd improvement.-The mechanism that impels the pendulum consists principally of a rocking shaft provided with a counterbalance lever. The vibrations of the shaft are controlled by clicks |