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THE
HISTORY
OF
THE DECLINE AND FALL
OF THE
ROMAN EMPIRE,
BY EDWARD GIBBON, ESQ.
IN EIGHT VOLUMES.
VOL. VI.
PHILADELPHIA:
PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM Y. BIRCHGABRAHAM SMALL,
xo. 37, SOUTH SECOND STREET.
PRINTED BY ROBERT CARR.
1805.
CONTENTS OF THE SIXTH VOLUME. .
CHAP. XLVII.
Theological History of the Doctrine of the Incarnation....The Human and
Divine Nature of Christ.... Enmity of the Patriarchs of Alexandria and
Constantinople.... St. Cyril and Nestorius.... Third General Council of
Ephesus.... Heresy of Eutyches...Fourth General Council of Chalcedon....
Civil and Ecclesiastical Discord.... Intolerance of Justinian.... The Three
Chapters.... The Monothelite Controversy.... State of the Oriental Sects :
J. The Nestorians....Il. The Jacobites....III. The Maronites....IV. The Armenians.... V. The Copt8....VI. The Abyssinians.
49
D.
PAGEJA. D.
PAGE.
THE Incarnation of Christ 1 553 Vth general Council: Ild of Con- I. A pure Man to the Ebionites 2.
stantinople
43
His Birth and Elevation
3|564 Heresy of Justinian
46
II. A pure God to the Docetes 51629 The Monothelite Controversy 47 His incorruptible Body 6639 The Ecthesis of Heraclius
48 III. Double Nature of Cerinthus 81648 The Type of Constans
ib.
IV. Divine Incarnation of Apolli. 680, 681. VIth general Council : Ild of
naris
9
Constantinople
V. Orthodox Consent and verbal
1
.
Union of the Greek and Latin
Disputes
11 Churches
50
412....444. Cyril, Patriarch of Alexán- Perpetual Separation of the Orien-
dria
12
tal Sects
51
413, 414, 415. His Tyranny
13 1. The NesTORIANS
53
428 Nestorius, Patriarch of Constanti- 500 Sole Masters of Persia
55
nople
16|500....1200. Their Missions in Tartary,
429....431. His Heresy
17 India, China, &c.
56
431 First Council of Ephesus
20 383 The Christians of St. Thomas in
Condemnation of Nestorius 21
India
58
Opposition of the Orientals 22 II, The JACOBITES
60
431....435. Victory of Cyril
23 111. THE MARONITES
63
435 Exile of Nestorius
25 IV. THE ARMENIANS
65
448 Heresy of Eutyches
27 V. The COPTS OR EGYPTIANS 67
449 Second Council of Ephesus
28 537....568. The Patriarch Theodosius 68
451 Council of Chalcedon
29 538 Paul
Faith of Chalcedon 321551 Apollinaris
451...482. Discord of the East
34580 Eulogius
69
482 The Henoticon of Zeno
35 509 John
508....518. The Trisagion, and Reli-
Their Separation and Decay 70
gious War, till the Death of 625....661. Benjainin, the Jacobite Pa-
Anastasius
37
triarch
71
514 First Religious War
39 VI. THE ABYSSINIANSAND Nu-
519....565. Theological Character and
BIANS
72
Government of Justinian ib. 530 Church of Abyssinia
73
His Persecution of Heretics 41 1525....1550. The Portuguese in Abys.
Of Pagans
42
sinia
74
Of Jews
ib. 1557 Mission of the Jesuits
Of Samaritans
43 1626 Conversion of the Emperor 76
His Orthodoxy
ib. 1632 Final Expulsion of the Jesuists 77 532.....98. The Three Chapters
CHAP. XLVIII.
Plan of the Remainder of the History.... Succession and Characters of the
Greek Emperors of Constantinople, from the Time of Heraclius to the
Latin Conquest.
77
A. D.
PAGE.A. D.
PACE.
Defects of the Byzantine History
phyrogenitus
114
Its Connection with the Revolu. 919 Romanus I. Lecapenus
115
tions of the World
80 Christopher, Stephen, Constan-
Plan of the Remainder of the His.
tine VIII.
tory
ib. 945 Constantine VII.
116
Second Marriage and Death of 959 Romanus II. junior
117
Heraclius
82 963 Nicephorus II. Phocas
118
641 Constantine III.
83 969 John Zimisces, Basil II. Con-
Heracleonas
84)
stantine IX.
119
Punishment of Martina and Hera- 976 Basil II. and Constantine IX. 121
cleonas
85 1025 Constantine IX.
122
Constans II. ib. 1028 Romanus III. Argyrus
668 Constantine IV. Pogonatus 861034 Michael IV. The Paphlago-
685 Justinian II.
88
nian
123
695....705. His Exile
89 1041 Michael V. Calaphates
124
705....711. His Restoration and Death 90 1042 Zoe and Theodora
711 Philippicus
92 Constantine X. Monomachus 125
713 Anastasius II.
ib. 1054 Theodora
716 Theodosius III.
93 1056 Michael VI. Stratioticus
718 Leo III. the Isaurian ib. 1057 Isaac I. Comnenus
741 Constantine V. Copronymus 94 1059 Constantine XI. Ducas
127
775 Leo IV.
96 1067 Eudocia
128
780 Constantine VI. and Irene
97 Romanus III. Diogenes
792 Irene
991071 Michael VII. Parapinaces, An-
802 Nicephorus I.
100
dronicus I. Constantine XII. 129
811 Stauracius
ib. 1078 Nicephorus III. Botaniates 130
Michael I. Rhangabe
ib. 1081 Alexius I. Commenus
131
813 Leo V. the Armenian
101|1118 John, or Calo-Johannes
133
820 Michael II. the Stammerer 103 1143 Manuel
135
829 Theophilus
104 1180 Alexius II.
138
842 Michael III.
106 Character and first Adventures
867 Basil I. the Macedonian
108
of Andronicus
886 Leo VI. the Philosopher
113 1183 Andronicus I. Comnenus
146
911 Alexander, Constantine VII. Por- |1185 Isaac II. Angelus
148
CHAP. XLIX.
Introduction, Worship, and Persecution of Imagcs.... Revolt of Italy and
Rome.... Temporal Dominion of the Popes.... Conquest of Italy by the
Franks.... Establishment of Images.... Character and Coronation of Char.
lemagne....Restoration and Decay of the Roman Empire in the West....
Independence of Italy.... Constitution of the Germanic Body.
A.D.
PAGE.A.D.
Introduction of images into the 1754 Their Synod at Constantinople 159
Christian Church
151 Their Creed
160
Their Worship
153726....775. Their Persecution of the
The Image of Edessa
154 Images and Monks
161
156 State of Italy
163
Opposition to Image-Worship 157727 Epistles of Gregory II. to the Em-
726....840. Leo the Icono clast, and his
peror
165
Successors
158/728 Revolt of Italy
167
Its Copies
ib
PAGE, Republic of Rome 170814....887. In Italy
201 730...752. Rome attacked by the Lom- 911 In Germany bards 172987 In France
ib. 754 Her Deliverance by Pepin 174 814....840. Lewis the Pious
774 Conquest of Lombardy by Charle- 840....856. Lothaire I.
magne
176856....875. Lewis II.
202
751. 753.768. Pepin and Charlemagne, 888 Division of the Empire
Kings of France
ib. 962 Otho, King of Germany, restores Patricians of Rome
178
and appropriates the Western
Donations of Pepin and Charle-
Empire
magne to the Popes
180 Transactions of the Western and
Forgery of the Donation of Con-
Eastern Empires
203
stantine
182 800....1060. Authority of the Empe-
780 Restoration of Images in the East
rors in the Elections of the
by the Empress Irene
184 Popes
205
787 Vilth General Council, Ild of
Disorders
207
Nice
186 1073 Reformation and Claims of the
842 Final Establishment of Images by
Church
208
the Empress Theodora
Authority of the Emperors in
794 Reluctance of the Franks and of
Rome
209
Charlemagne
188 932 Revolt of Alberic
774....800. Final Separation of the Popes 967 Of Pope John XII.
210
from the Eastern Empire ib. 998 Of the Consul Crescentius
211
800 Coronation of Charlemagne as Em- 774....1250. The Kingdom of Italy
peror of Rome and of the West 190 1152.... 1190. Frederic I.
213
768....814. Reign and Character of Char- 1198...1250. Frederic Il.
214
lemagne
192 814...1250. Independence of the Princes
Extent of his Empire
196
of Germany
France
ib. 1250 The Germanic Constitution
216
Spain
197 1347....1378. Weakness and poverty of
Italy
the German Emperor Charles
Germany
IV.
217
Hungary
198 1356 His Ostentation
219
His Neighbours and Enemies 199 Contrast of the Power and Modes.
His Successors
201 ty of Augustus
220
CHAP. L.
Description of Arabia and its Inhabitants....Birth, Character, and Doctrine
of Mahomet....He fireaches at Mecca....Flies to Medina....Propagates
his Religion by the Sword.... Voluntary or reluctant Submission of the
Arabs....His Death and Successors.... The Claims and Fortunes of Ali
and his Descendants.
PÅGE.
Description of Arabia
221 Civil Wars and private Revenge 232
The Soil and Climate
222)
Annual Truce
234
Division of the Sandy, the Stony, Their social Qualifications and
and the Happy Arabia
223) Virtues
Manners of the Bedoweens, or Pas- Love of Poetry
235
toral Arabs
Examples of Generosity
The Horse
224
Ancient Idolatry
The Camel
225 The Caaba, or Temple of Mecca 238
Cities of Arabia
226
Sacrifices and Rites
240
Mecca
ib. Introduction of the Sabians 241
Her Trade
227
The Magians
242
National Independence of the The Jews
Arabs
2281
The Christians
Their domestic Freedom and Cha. 562....609. Birth and Education of Ma-
racter
2301 homét
243
236
237