SERM. contradict his word, or cross his command: in such cases LIX. we may remonstrate with the Apostles, If it be just before Acts iv. 19. God to hearken unto you rather than unto God, judge ye; Acts v. 29. and, We ought to obey God rather than men: we may denounce with St. Paul; If an angel from heaven preach any other gospel, let him be accursed.

Gal. i. 8.

Rom. xiv.

23.

We are obliged always to act with faith, (that is, with a persuasion concerning the lawfulness of what we do;) for, Rom. xiv. whatever is not of faith, is sin: we should never condemn ourselves in what we try or embrace.

23.

These things considered, we may, and it much behoveth us, reserving due respect to our guides, with humility and modesty to weigh and scan their dictates and their orders; lest by them unawares we be drawn into error or sin; like Acts xvii. the ingenuous Bereans, who did ἀνακρίνειν τὰς γραφὰς search and examine the Scriptures, if those things were so. Our 2 Cor. i. 24. guides are but the helpers, they are not lords of our faith; the Apostles themselves were not.

11.

We may, and are bound, if they tell us things evidently repugnant to God's word, or to sound reason and common sense, to dissent from them; if they impose on us things Is. viii. 20. evidently contrary to God's law, to forbear compliance with them; we may in such cases appeal ad legem et testimonium; we must not admit a non obstante to God's law.

Plebs timens Do

minum se

parare se

debet a pec

Cypr.

If other arguments, weighed in the balance of honest and catore præ impartial reason, with cautious and industrious consideraposito. tion, do overpoise the authority of our guides; let us in God's name adhere to them, and follow our own judgments; it would be a violation of our conscience, a prevarication toward our own souls, and a rebellion against God to do otherwise: when against our own mind, so carefully informed, we follow the dictates of others, we like fools rashly adventure and prostitute our souls.

This proceeding is nowise inconsistent with what we delivered before; for this due wariness in examining, this reservation in assenting, this exception in practice, in some cases, wherein the matter hath evidence, and we a faculty to judge, doth nowise hinder but that we should defer

much regard to the judgment of our guides; that we should SERM. in those cases, wherein no light discovereth itself outshining LIX. their authority, rely upon it; that where our eyes will not serve clearly to direct us, we should use theirs; where our reason faileth to satisfy us, we should acquiesce in theirs; that we should regard their judgments so far, that no petty scruple emerging, no faint semblance of reason should prevail upon us to dissent from their doctrine, to reject their advice, to disobey their injunctions.

In fine, let us remember, that the mouth of truth, which bid us to beware of the bad doctrine of those who sat Matt. xv. in Moses's chair, did also charge us to observe all they taught 14. xxiii. 3. and enjoined; that is, all not certainly repugnant to the divine law. In effect, if we discost from the advices of our sober teachers, appointed for us by God, we shall in the end have occasion to bewail with him in the Proverbs: How Prov. v. 12, have I hated instruction, and my heart despised reproof; and have not obeyed the voice of my teachers, nor inclined mine ear to them that instructed me!

To these things I shall only add one rule, which we may well suppose comprised in the precept we treat upon; which is, that at least we forbear openly to dissent from our guides, or to contradict their doctrine; except only, if it be not so false (which never or rarely can happen among us) as to subvert the foundations of faith, or practice of holiness. If we cannot be internally convinced by their discourses, if their authority cannot sway with us against the prevalence of other reasons, yet may we spare outwardly to oppose them, or to slight their judgment; for doing thus -doth tend, as to the disgrace of their persons, so to the disparagement of their office, to an obstructing the efficacy of their ministry, to the infringement of order and peace in the Church for when the inconsiderate people shall see their teachers distrusted and disrespected; when they perceive their doctrine may be challenged and opposed by plausible discourses; then will they hardly trust them, or comply with them in matters most certain and necessary;

13.

SERM. than which disposition in the people there cannot happen LIX. any thing more prejudicial or baneful to the Church.

But let thus much serve for the obedience due to the doctrine of our guides; let us consider that which we owe to them in reference to their conversation and practice.

The following their practice may well be referred to this precept; for that their practice is a kind of living doctrine, a visible law, or rule of action; and because indeed the notion of a guide primarily doth imply example; that he which is guided should respect the guide as a precedent, being concerned to walk after his footsteps.

Most of the reasons, which urge deference to their judgment in teaching, do in proportion infer obligation to follow their example; (which indeed is the most easy and clear way of instruction to vulgar capacity; carrying with it also most efficacious encouragement and excitement to practice ;) they are obliged, and it is expected from them, to live with especial regularity, circumspection, and strictness of conversation; they are by God's grace especially disposed and enabled to do so; and many common advantages they have of doing so; (a more perfect knowledge of things, firmness of principles, and clearness of notions; a deeper tincture, and more savoury relish of truth, attained by continued meditation thereon; consequently a purity of mind and affection, a retirement from the world and its temptation, freedom from distraction of worldly care and the encumbrances of business, with the like.)

They are often charged to be exemplary in conversation, as we before shewed, and that involveth a correspondent obligation to follow them. They must, like St. John BapJohn v. 23. tist, be burning and shining lights; stars in God's right hand; lights of the world; whose light should shine before Matt. v. 14, men, that men may see their good works; and by their light direct their steps.

Rev. xvi.

20

16.

They are proposed as copies, which signifies that we must in our practice transcribe them.

We are often directly commanded to imitate them; v

miμełode Tàv rísi, whose faith imitate ye, (that is, their faith- SERM. ful perseverance in the doctrine and practice of Christiani- LIX. ty,) saith the Apostle in this chapter.

Their conversation is safely imitable in all cases wherein no better rule appeareth, and when it doth not appear discordant from God's law and the dictates of sound reason; for supposing that discordance, we cease to be obliged to follow them; as when our Lord prescribeth in respect to the Pharisees; Whatever they bid you observe, that observe Matt. xxiii and do; but do not after their works; for they say and do 3.

not.

It is indeed easier for them to speak well than to do well; their doctrine therefore is more commonly a sure guide than their practice; yet when there wanteth a clearer guidance of doctrine, their practice may pass for instructive, and a probable argument or warrant of action.

SERMON LX.

OF SELF-LOVE IN GENERAL.

LX.

Bagi xa Καιροί χαι λαοὶ ἐντή.

2 TIM. iii. 2.

For men shall be lovers of themselves.

SERM. ST. Paul in this place, out of a prophetical spirit instruct, ing or warning his disciple Timothy, concerning difficult times, or the calamitous state of things, which should ensue, induced upon the world, as it useth to happen, by a general prevalency of vicious dispositions and practices among men, doth thence take occasion, by a specification of their vices, to characterize the persons who should concur to produce that hard state.

Among those vices he placeth self-love in the van, as the capital and leading vice; intimating thereby, that it is of all in its nature most heinous, or in its influence most noxious a

This indeed is of all vices the most common, so deeply radicated in our nature, and so generally overspreading the world, that no man thoroughly is exempted from it, most men are greatly tainted with it, some are wholly possessed and acted by it: this is the root from which all other vices do grow, and without which hardly any sin could subsist; the chief vices especially have an obvious and evident dependence thereon.

All impiety doth involve a loving ourselves in undue

a Hæc omnia mala ab eo velut fonte manantia, quod primum posuit, se ipsos amantes. August. in Joh. Tract. 123.