Years. proportion, the population of York in the parishes named, will at present be about 32,000. Comparative Statement of Population Returns for the City of York Males. Females. Total. 1811 1,530 1,676 1821 1,605 1,734 1831 1,818 1,894 1,165 292 4,098 4,107 8,205 1,206 371 4,290 4,450 8,740 1,203 362 4,521 4,581 9,102 TRADE AND COMMERCE. Increase of population has been followed by increased commercial energy. York has now considerable trade; which exhibits decided progressive tendencies. The formation of railroads, securing direct and rapid communication between this city and Hull, Leeds, Manchester, and Liverpool, in one line; and in another, all the cities and towns south of York to London: to which add the railway connecting York with the county of Durham, and affording conveyance from the towns between Darlington and this city; all of which cannot fail to impel the commerce of York. The navigation of the river Ouse too, has of late years, been greatly improved. The trustees, to whom the interests of the river are committed, have expended several thousand pounds in deepening and improving the bed of the river; and steamers now can ply at all hours from York to Hull. Vessels, also, of 160 tons burdens can come up to the staiths of York, many of which ply from London direct. There is an extensive trade in Drugs; and there are large manufactories of glass, soap, linen, plane and edge tools, combs, gloves, leather, paper hangings, jewellery, confectionaries, organs, and other musical instruments. There are a number of printing establishments; also several iron and brass foundries, extensive breweries, flour mills, saw mills, &c. Latterly there has been an important traffic in coal, brought from the West-Riding, by the York and North Midland Railway Company, and the county of Durham, by the Great North of England Railway Company. The fairs and cattle markets are well supplied; and are resorted to by all the neighbouring agriculturists and purchasers of Stock, as well as by butchers from Leeds, &c. There is also a considerable trade in grain in York; a corn market being held in the Pavement every saturday. York market is well supplied with poultry, eggs, butter, and hams, celebrated all over the kingdom; and there are constant supplies of the best fish from Scarbro', Filey and other parts of the eastern coast. At Christmas is held an extensive horse show in York. Every Thursday from Ladyday to Michaelmas, there is a wool market; and a hay market, leather and line fairs are held at stated intervals. York Banks. Messrs. Swan, Clough, Swan, and Swan, Coney-street; draw on Sir R. C. Glyn, and Co., 12, Birchin-lane, London. Messrs. Wilson, Tweedy, and Wilson, High Ousegate; draw on Messrs. Robarts, and Co., 15, Lombard-street. York City and County Bank, Parliament-street; draw on Messrs. Barnetts, Hoare, and Co., 62, Lombard-street. York Union Banking Company, corner of High Ousegate and Parliament-street, draw on Williams, Deacon, and Co., 20, Birchin-lane. Yorkshire District Banking Company, Low Ousegate; draw on Williams, Deacon, and Co., 20, Birchin-lane. Yorkshire Agricultural and Commercial Banking Company, corner of Nessgate and High Ousegate; draw on the London and Westminster Bank, Pork Savings Bank. This admirable institution was founded in 1816, for the purpose of encouraging industrous and provident habits in the working classes. The extent of its utility will be estimated from the statistics of the bank in 1840: No. of Depositors. 2571 whose respective balances did not exceed £90 each, 1399 ditto were above £20 and not exceeding £50 ditto 651 ditto were above £50 and not exceeding £100 ditto 249 ditto were above £100 and not exceeding £150 ditto 128 ditto were above £150 and not exceeding £200 ditto 48 ditto exceeding £200 5056 Total Number of Depositors 49 Charitable Societies 37 Friendly Society 5142 Total Number of Accounts. Total Amount of 21,555 7 2 176,344 1 6 3,331 16 1 8,237 7 10 187,913 12 5 Insurance and Gas Companies. The Yorkshire fire and life Insurance Company, established at York, 1824; St. Helen's Square. York and London fire and life Assurance Company, established in 1834; High Ousegate. York Gas-light Company, established 1823, Monkgate. York Union Gas-light Company, established 1837; Hungate. The Merchants' Company. This company was established in York at a very early period, to encourage the trade of York, which was then considerable. It has survived all the fluctuations and final decline of the foreign commerce of the city. STATISTICS OF EDUCATION IN YORK. The state of education will next claim our attention: In the year 1826, an account of the state of education in the city of York, was procured by a committee of gentlemen, chiefly belonging to the society of friends, by visiting, from house to house, the whole of the labouring population; and the following are the conclusions at which the committee, who conducted it, arrived :—That of the children between the ages of six and ten, nearly one-fourth did not go to any day school; that between the ages of ten and thirteen, nearly one-third did not go to any day school; that between the ages of twelve and fourteen, upwards of one-ninth part could not read; and that of the children who did not go to day schools, twofifths went to Sunday schools. In the abstract of Education Inquiry, for England and Wales, vol. 3, ordered by the House of Commons to be printed, on the 20th March, 1835, the following was declared to be the state of education in the city and ainsty of York: By By By payment Subscription endowment. subscription. from scholars. and payment from scholars. 680 30 852 33 3556 82 2054 15 1891 Exhibiting the grand total of children receiving any kind of education in the city and ainsty, 8,353. The report of the select committee on the education of the poorer classes, states the numbers receiving education in the city of York, in 1836, to be, Scholars of the working classes, at day and dame schools 1494 2697 Attending Sunday schools, in connection with the established church 1708 1655 The report of the Manchester statistical society, founded on an inquiry made in the autumn of 1836, says that 19.97 per cent of the population of this city received instruction. It states the gross number of scholars at 5591, and assumed that the population of York, in 1836, was 28,000, on the supposition that there is an annual increase L of 2 per cent in the population. 891 of the scholars were under five or above fifteen years of age, and this left 4700 scholars between the ages of five and fifteen, receiving some kind of instruction. Of the general accuracy of the Manchester Statistical Society's report, and of the correctness of the conclusions arrived at, enquiry has satisfied us. Children to the number of about two thousand, receive education at Sunday Schools in York, in connection with the established church. The course of instruction in these schools, consists of reading from the Bible, Testaments, and scripture lessons. The age of the children is from five to fourteen; the time of attendance is from nine to half-past ten in the morning; and from a quarter to two o'clock to church time; and from the conclusion of church service till five. Many of the junior classes are taught by scholars taken from the higher classes. Rather above two thousand children receive instruction in Sunday schools not in connection with the established church; in which schools the scholars are chiefly taught from the Bible. The BLUE COAT SCHOOL for boys, was established in 1705, and its affairs are managed by general meetings of the directors, an annual committee, and a committee of directors, appointed for special purposes. Subscribers of No child under nine 10s. and upwards, are directors. years is admitted, and the committee require satisfactory evidence of the marriage of the parents of the children admitted. The boys, at a suitable age, are bound apprentices to learn husbandry, or some manufacture or trade. The children are educuated in the principles of the established church, and receive, daily, a substantial English education-The number of boys generally in the institution is about 70. In connection with this school, is the GREY COAT SCHOOL, for girls, managed in the same way; the scholars being taught to sew, knit, &c. The girls' school contains about 50 scholars. The boys' |