καὶ εἰ. ἢ χωρὶς ἢ μεμιγμένοις, οἷον ἁρμονίᾳ μὲν καὶ ῥυθμῷ χρώμεναι μόνον, ἥ τε αὐλητικὴ καὶ ἡ κιθαριστική, κἂν εἴ τινες ἕτεραι τυγχάνωσιν οὖσαι τὴν δύναμιν, οἷον ἡ τῶν aupiyyor ( = rai av (xponevat), ei TuyXavory = “ and in very truth using, if haply they shall happen to be"); practically repeated, this, in de Rep. ii.1 = p.1260b. 28 δεῖ καὶ τὰς ἄλλας ἐπισκέψασθαι πολιτείας, αἷς τε χρῶνταί τινες τῶν πόλεων τῶν εὐνομεῖσθαι λεγομένων, κἂν εἴ τινες ἕτεραι τυγχάνωσιν ὑπὸ τινῶν εἰρημέναι καὶ δοκοῦσαι καλῶς exeer ( = kai (del) ar, et Tuyxavort "and in very truth = it is so necessary, if haply any shall happen to be, etc.") It is perhaps superfluous to remark that in all such passages the present subjunctive in the protasis has-despite the MSS., whose authority for it is in some of the instances overwhelming -been improved off the scene by the critics; who boldly Query, if kav ei affirmed, not only that in common speech kav ei was used as is ever merely = practically equivalent to kal ci, the av having quite lost all power and meaning, but further that only the indicative or the past subjunctive, and never the present subjunctive, could be found in such a protasis. See Heindorf on Plat. Sophist. p. 247 E; Ast on Plat. de Rep. v. p. 473 A; Stallbaum on Plat. Phileb. p. 58 C; Buttmann on Plat. Menon p. 72 C, and on Dem. Mid. p. 530. 21; Bonitz Index Aristotelicus s.vv. äv and ei: Vahlen on Aristot. Poet. 1. 35. Arist. Polit. i. c. 3. They had not emancipated themselves from the prejudice which at one time existed against the use of ei with the present subjunctive in Attic Greek. See Text § 62. As to the passage from Aristotle's Meteorol. i. 6, Hermann (Viger n. 327, on p. 527 Zeun) would free himself from difficulty in another way; "Aristoteles," he says, "scripserit necesse est" (!) “ kar netgous omisso et. 5. In Aristot. Polit. i. c. 3 = p. 1253 mprov Se Tepi Seroton Kal δούλου εἴπωμεν, ἵνα τά τε πρὸς τὴν ἀναγκαίαν χρείαν ἴδωμεν, κἂν εἴ τι πρὸς τὸ εἰδέναι περὶ αὐτῶν δυνάμεθα λαβεῖν βέλτιον τῶν νῦν ὑπολαμβανομένων, the kai in kav is simply the copula; the twoper is mentar repeated after it; ei is used in the indirect sense of "whether as to which see note 196. 6 below; and the äv in кäv belongs the coming Suvalueda. So that the sentence is equivalent to ἵνα τά τε . . Souer, Kal toner et T Tu... δυναίμεθα ἂν see whether we should under such circumstances be able to 181. 1. In this passage raλaí' av is the reading of La (which has παλαιὰν in the text, with πάλαι ἄν, which must be taken as aλaí' av, in the margin), Lb, Lc, and R. It has all the authority on its side; and there is no authority for anything else. One does not see, therefore, why it is not also the right reading. Nor can it be displaced as such merely by Dindorf's "Probabilior Triclinii lectio Taλatóv est"; still less by Prof. Jebb's stigmatisation of the "Talaiav of L" as manifestly a mere blunder for παλαιόν.” See above note 53. 5. 2. Keeping, then, the reading aλaí' av, we have to supply ein, omitted, with it. Again Prof. Jebb objects :-"such an ellipse of ein is impossible." One respectfully asks, why? especially in view of other passages cited in this part of the Text. 3. Beẞky, the reading of Lc and B, is accepted by Dindorf in his Text, and also by Prof. Jebb. ßeßýkot is given in La, Lb, г, Ald., and ßeßýket in R and T. The weight of authority is, therefore, with ßeßKEL, the correction of Beẞýko: for which, however, a better correction is -in the judgment of the present writer-that of Elmsley (on Soph. Aj. 278 in Museum Criticum i. p. 356), ẞéßnŋke, as given in the Text. 181a. E contra, the verb is expressed in Plat. Criton p. 52 D πράττεις τε ἅ περ ἂν δοῦλος ὁ 182. 1. Arnold finds a difficulty in the word "apá here, "Tapá not often occurring with an accusative case, in the simple sense of 'at' or 'near,' unless the idea of juxtaposition, being by the side of a thing, is intended to be insisted upon "; adding perhaps we should read here as in i. 20 [3] Teρì tò Aewkópiov [sc. τῷ Ἱππάρχῳ περιτυχόντες]. 2. But where the idea of motion alongside of a thing is involved, as in Pind. Ol. xi. (x.) 99 παῖδ ̓ ἐρατὸν δ ̓ ̓Αρχεστράτου | αἴνησα, τὸν εἶδον κρατέοντα χερὸς ἀλκᾷ | βωμὸν παρ' Ολύμ πιον επί ε : or that of extension alongside of a thing, as in the case of a string of men extended alongside, as opposed to a single man standing by the side, of a thing; as for example in Herod. iv. 62 καὶ ἔπειτα ἀνενείκαντες ἄνω ἐπὶ τὸν ὄγκον τῶν φρυγάνων καταχέουσι τὸ αἷμα τοῦ ἀκινάκεος. ἄνω μὲν δὴ φορέουσι τοῦτο· κάτω δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἱρὸν ποιεῦσι τάδε : or in the present passage of Thucydides, where Hipparchus and his train might be said to have been παρὰ τὸ Λεωκόριον, to have been "alongside of the Leocorium," there seems little objection to be made to the expression. 3. Of the passages cited by Arnold, = Xen. Anab. iii. 4. 9 παρὰ ταύτην τὴν πόλιν ἦν πύραμις λιθίνη "running alongside of this town was a stone pyramid ” ; ib. i. 4. 3 αἱ δὲ νῆες ὥρμουν παρὰ τὴν Κύρου σκηνήν = “ the ships were moored, and, as moored, ran alongside of Cyrus' tent." 4. Since the foregoing paragraphs were written, we have the fortunate recovery of Aristotle's 'Αθηναίων πολιτεία : in c. 18 of which we read cxi c τὸν μὲν Ιππαρχον διακ[οσ]μοῦντα τὴν πομπὴν παρὰ τὸ Λεωκόρειον ἀπέκτειναν. 5. As to the Leocorium, see Arnold on Thuc. i. 20. 3, and Hudson on Thuc. vi. 57. 3, there cited by Arnold. It was I. Or in Thuc. viii. 102. 2 τέσσαρες δὲ τῶν νεῶν αἱ ὕσταται πλεοῦσαι καταλαμβάνονται παρὰ τὸν Ἐλαιοῦντα—where, as in the passage in the Text, Arnold finds a difficulty and accepts Dobree's (Advers. i. 106) suggestion περὶ for παρά. There is no necessity for the change: nor is Arnold right in saying, as he does, that if παρὰ is retained, the words " rather belong to πλέουσαι Fare overtaken while sailing by Elaeus.' No doubt that is the meaning; but it is implied rather than expressed. Translate "but four of the ships, those which were going along last, are caught alongside of Elaeus." 2. Dobree (l.c.) adds" iii. 16. [1] παρὰ τὸν Ἰσθμὸν male, ut puto, Elmslei. περὶ servat paullo post c. 18 init.” 3. Elmsley is clearly right in both places. The The passage in ii. 16. 1 is this : ἐπλήρωσαν ναῦς ἑκατὸν . . . καὶ παρὰ τὸν Ἰσθμὸν ἀναγαγόντες ἐπίδειξίν τε ἐποιοῦντο καὶ ἀποβάσεις τῆς Πελοποννήσου ᾗ δοκοῖ αὐτοῖς, i.e. "weighing anchor and proceeding along the Isthmus.” great bulk of the MSS. is in favour of παρά, which is accepted by Haack, Poppo, Goeller, Arnold-rightly. The passage in iii. 18. 1 is as clearly one in which Tepi alone could stand. It runs thus: Μυτιληναῖοι δὲ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον, ὃν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι περὶ τὸν Ἰσθμὸν ἦσαν, ἐπὶ Μήθυμναν ὡς προδιδομένην ἐστράτευσαν κατὰ γῆν. And no MS. or edition even suggests παρά. "the monument of the daughters of Leos . . . who at the command of an oracle sacrificed themselves for their country. . . . Harpocration states that it was ἐν μέσῳ τῷ Κεραμεικῷ : i.e. in the midst of the inner Cerameicus, the N.W. district of Athens, lying within the walls, as opposed to the outer Cerameicus, the κάλλιστον προάστειον where the Athenian warriors were buried (Thuc. ii. 34. [6]; Ar. Aves 395)”; Dr. Sandys on Dem. Conon p. 1258. 24, where note, as a contrast to the use of παρά above referred to, the use of κατά : παρέρχεται Κτησίας ὁ υἱὸς ὁ τούτου, μεθύων, κατὰ τὸ Λεωκόριον (“ of the Leocorium "), ἐγγὺς τῶν Πυθοδώρου. Dem. Conon p. 1258. 24. 182a. Dem. de 182a. 1. “ ἄν (ante τοὺς πεπρακότας),” says Mr. Shilleto ad l., "om. K. r. s. A1. A2. Omissum mavult Schaefer. Equidem F. L. p. 390. 9. malim cum Marklando ἂν ante ἀγνοοῦντας (quod facile potuit excidere) additum. Vid. not.”; where he translates as if the reading were as he suggests, and remarks on such a use of ὡς ἄν. 2. The construction must be similar in Hyperid. c. Athenog. col. 14 extr. [κατα τὰς] κοινὰ[ς] τῆς == The πρὸς which goes with uè must be continued on so as to accompany τινα πεισθέντα also. Mr. Kenyon's “lays stress on the private covenant which he made with me, apparently expecting people to believe that a man who . . ." is a paraphrase rather than a translation of the language of Hyperides. Hyperid. Athen. extr. 183. And see another example in Plat. Phaedon p. 98 C. In such passages, as the following, we have the full phrases ei. of this sort; i.e. those in which the apodosis contains its verb : C. col. 14 ὥσπερ ἄν. 183. ὥσπερ ἂν -with verb in Plat. Protag. p. 327 Ε εἶθ ̓ ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ ζητοῖς τίς διδάσκαλος .. ... ex 1832. Plat. Gory, p. 479 A. 184. 1842. 185. Soph. Aj. 1131. 186. Soph. El. 314. 187. 188. "Would " etc., in English apodosis, for "will" etc. Τὰ ἀπείρων παντάπασι μίλων, οὕτω δὲ ἀρετῆς καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πάντων: Gorg. p. 447 C ἐμοῦ αὐτόν. Χ. τί ἔρωμαι; Σ. ὅστις ἐστί. Χ. πώς λέγεις; Σ. ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ ἐτύγχανεν ὧν ἐπιλημάτων δημιουργός, ἀπεκρίνατο ἂν δήπου σου, τσι σκυτότομος. 183a. μné epexegetic. See above note 44. 3. 184. Cf. supra Text § 85, and note 148 ad l. 184a. So Plat. Sympos. p. 208 C τῶν ἀνθρώπων εἰ ἐθέλεις εἰς τὴν φιλοτιμίαν βλέψαι, θαυμάζοις ἂν τῆς ἀλογίας. And with the future indicative in the protasis Plat. Alcib. Pr. p. 122 C εἰ δ ̓ αὖ ἐθελήσεις εἰς σωφροσύνην τε καὶ κοσμιότητα ἀποβλέψαι . παῖδα ἂν ἡγήσαιο σαυτὸν πᾶσι τοῖς τοιούτοις. 185. On the collocation ei ouk és see above note 54. 5, and subnote lxii. 186. Note av with the a long. See above note 12. 3. Miss A. E. Bayly (Edna Lyall) Donovan vol. i. p. 63, ed. 188. Compare as similarly constructed sentences Heywood Woman Killed with Kindness p. 110 "because you are my master, and if I have a mistress, I would be glad like a good servant to do my duty to her"; Dekker The Shoemaker's Holiday p. 29 "if I tarry now, I would my guts might be turned to shoe-thread"; Job xxxi. 24 "if I have made gold my hope, or have said to the fine gold, thou art my confidence; if I rejoiced because my wealth was great...; if I beheld the sun when it shined, . . . and my heart hath been secretly enticed, or my mouth hath kissed my hand this also were an iniquity to be punished by the judge for I should have denied the God that is above"; Butler Analogy pt. ii. c. 6 "but if the prince be supposed to regard only the action. . ., he would not always give his orders in such a plain manner"; Locke Conduct of the Understanding 10 "if his opinion : |