Hospite venturo, cessabit nemo tuorum.

60" Verre pavimentum, nitidas ostende columnas, we
Arida cum tota descendat aranea tela,

Hic leve argentum, yasa aspera tergeat alter;"
Vox domini furit instantis virgamque tenentis.
Ergo miser trepidas, ne stercore foeda canino
Elise
65 Atria displiceant oculis venientis amici,
Ne perfusa luto sit porticus; et tamen uno
Semodio scobis hæc emundat, servulus unus.
emundat s

Illud non agitas, ut sanctam filius omni
Adspiciat sine labe domum vitioque carentem?
70 Grátum est, quod patriæ civem populoque dedisti,
Si facis, ut patriæ sit idoneus, utilis agris,
Utilis et bellorum et pacis rebus agendis.

Id. ii. 11. vii. 26. Plin. xxxii. 10. Plut.
de An. Tr. and Q. Plat. med. It was so
called from resembling a gourd in shape.
Or a species of gourd (xoxoxúvens) may
be meant; [some of which are valuable
and powerful medicines; as 'colo-
cynth' or the bitter apple,' and the
sediment from the juice of the momordica
or squirting cucumber,' known by the
name of elaterium. The latter plant is
indigenous in the South of Europe.] cf.
Plin. xx. 3. Ath. ii. 18. J. PR. R.

59. Qui domum intraverit, nos potius miretur, quam supellectilem nostram; Sen. Ep. 5. J. nam domum aut villam exstruere eamque signis, aulæis aliisque operibus exornare et omnia potius quam semet visendum efficere, id est, non divitias decori habere, sed ipsum illis flagitio esse; Sall. de Rep. Ord. i. R.

60. The Roman floors were either paved with stone or marble, or made of a sort of stucco composed of shells reduced to powder and mixed in a due consistency with water; this, when dry, was very hard and smooth. Hence pavimentum was called ostraceum or testaceum. These floors are common in Italy to this day. BRI. M.

The Romans were very fond of adorning their buildings with pillars, particularly their rooms of state and entertainment: cf. vii. 182 sq. The capitals of the pillars would be very apt to collect dust. M.

61. Cf. Plin. xi. 24. PR.

which is embossed.' argento perfecta atque aspera signis pocula; Virg. Æ. ix. 263. v. 267. (HY.) Pers. iii. 69 sq. VS. LU. i. 76, note. M. Sil. ii. 432. v. 141. Ov. M. xii. 235. xiii. 700. (H.) R.

63.The master cries, Whips in his hands and fury in his eyes." G.

65. The entrance hall was usually a very filthy place; and indeed nothing can be more so than the atria of the Italian nobility at this day. In one corner horses are tied up and fed, in another a cobbler is at work, in a third a pedlar displaying his wares, &c. &c. G.

67. Saw-dust' was probably used among them (as it is now in the shops of London) for laying the dust while the dirt was swept away: as housemaids sprinkle tea-leaves over a carpet before they brush out the room.

Our stone or brick floors are strewed with sand for cleanliness. M. Heliogabalus was said to strew his gallery with gold and silver dust. HO. cf. Col. IV. xxix. 16. (SGN.) R.

68. Sanctam; Hor. IV Od. iv. 25. (BY.) R.

69." And do you stir not, that your son may see The house from moral filth, from vices, free?" G.

70. Ovid also unites patriæ populoque ; M. xv. 572. the state and the people.' R. BY, on Hor. III Od. vi. 20. proposed to read patribus. Thus we should avoid the recurrence of the same word:

62. The polished plate, and that but see note on xi. 144.

Plurimum enim intererit, quibus artibus et quibus hunc tu
Moribus instituas. Serpente ciconia pullos
75 Nutrit et inventa per devia rura lacerta:
Illi eadem sumtis quærunt animalia pinnis,
Vultur jumentó et canibus crucibusque relictis
Ad fetus properat partemque cadaveris affert.
Hic est ergo cibus magni quoque vulturis et se
80 Pascentis, propria quum jam facit arbore nidos.
Sed leporem aut capream famulæ Jovis et generosæ
In saltu venantur aves: hinc præda cubili
Ponitur: inde autem, quum se matura levarit
Progenies stimulante fame, festinat ad illam,
85 Quam primum prædam rupto gustaverat ovo.
Edificator erat Cetronius et modo curvo
Litore Caietæ, summa nunc Tiburis arce,

in

The eagle' is represented not only as Jove's armour-bearer, carrying his thunderbolts, Plin. ii. 55. x. 3. but as executing his other behests, the carrying off of Ganymede for instance. LU. Hyg. Astr. Poet. She also fed him with nectar while he was concealed in the Cretan caves: Ath. xi. 12. RH. PR. minister fulminis ales; Hor. IV Od. iv. 1 sqq. M. ὄρνις Διὸς Κρονίδαο διάκτορος Antip. Ep. xcii. in Br. An. t. ii. p. 32. R. As πτηνὸς κύων, δαφοινός αετός· #sch. P. V. 1057 sq. 828. (BL.) Jovis satelles; Acc. Pr. in Cic. T. Q. ii. 10.

82. By noble birds' are meant either

eagles themselves, R. or hawks, falcons,
&c. LU.

85. The stork, with newts and ser-
pents from the wood And pathless wild,
supports her callow brood; And the
fledged storklings, when to wing they
take, Seek the same reptiles through the
devious brake. The vulture snuffs from
far the tainted gale, And, hurrying where
the putrid scents exhale, From gibbets
and from graves the carcase tears, And
to her young the loathsome dainty bears;
Her young, grown vigorous, hasten from
the nest, And gorge on carrion with the
parent's zest. While Jove's own eagle,
bird of noble of blood, Scours the wide
champaign for untainted food, Bears the
swift hare or swifter fawn away, And
feeds her nestlings with the generous
prey: Her nestlings hence, when from
the rock they spring And, pinch'd by
hunger, to the quarry wing, Stoop only
to the game they tasted first, When
clamorous, from the parent shell they
burst." This, however, is a vulgar pre-
judice; though Buffon and other natu-
ralists have been misled by it. The
eagle is scarcely more delicate in the
choice of its food than the vulture. G.
The preceding translation is so admirable,
that I could not resist the pleasure of
giving it entire.

86. •
Had a passion for building.' cf.
Flor. I. viii. 4. Mart. IX. xlvii. R.

87. Cuieta, now Gaeta,' was so called
from a Laconic word signifying 'curved :'

2

Nunc Prænestinis in montibus alta parabat
Culmina villarum Græcis longeque petitis

90 Marmoribus, vincens Fortunæ atque Herculis ædem, Ut spado vincebat Capitolia nostra Posides.

Dum sic ergo habitat Cetronius, imminuit rem,

Fregit opes; nec parva tamen mensura relictæ Partis erat: totam hanc turbavit filius amens, 95 Dum meliore novas attollit marmore villas. Quidam sortiti metuentem sabbata patrem, Nil præter nubes et cœli numen adorant

Nec distare putant humana carne suillam,
Qua pater abstinuit; mox et præputia ponunt:
100 Romanas autem soliti contemnere leges,

Judaicum ediscunt et servant ac metuunt jus,
Tradidit arcano quodcumque volumine Moses :-
Non monstrare vias, eadem nisi sacra colenti;

was unable to perceive the superior un-
derstanding of the Jews in worshipping a
Being 'ineffable and invisible,' instead
of the stocks and stones before which he
himself bowed down. He dismisses the
one true God from his thoughts, and
insults His worshippers as a weak and
credulous nation! Thus the attributes of
Jehovah, though repeated by the wisest
of the heathens after the Jews, conveyed
no ideas to their minds. It is to revelation
only that we are indebted for just and
rational conceptions on the subject: and
if the deists of modern times have more
distinct and adequate notions of the Divine
Being, than Tacitus and Dio and Juvenal;
it is still to the manifestations which he
has been pleased to make of himself,
that they owe them, however prejudice
or pride may operate to prevent the ac-
knowledgement. G.

By numen cæli is meant that the ma-
terial heaven' ("The blue ætherial sky;"
Addison, Psalm xix.) is their deity.' M.
This gross conception of the Romans
arose from the Jews having no visible re-
presentation of the Deity. Romanorum
primus Cn. Pompeius Judæos domuit: tem-
plumque jure victoriæ ingressus est. inde
vulgatum, nulla intus deûm effigie vacuam
sedem et inania arcana; Tac. H. v. 9. G.
Unless we can suppose it to have origi-
nated in the narrative of the cloud'
which appeared on Mount Sinai, and of
the pillar of ' cloud, which, as a symbol
of the Divine presence, conducted the
Israelites on their march by day. BRI.
Exod, xiv. &c. xxiv. &c. Psalm xcvii. 2.
98. Levit. xi. 7. Tac. H. v. 4. PR.

vi. 159. LU.

patriam; parentes, liberos, fratres, vilia habere; 5. Plin. xiii. 4. R.

102. A copy of the Pentateuch, or five books of Moses, was kept (as it is to this day) in every synagogue, locked up in a press or chest (arca), and never exposed to sight, unless when brought out to be read at the time of worship: at the conclusion of the service, it was returned to its place and again locked up. M.

Volume.' Her. i. 125, note.

103. Apud ipsos misericordia in promtu, sed adversus omnes alios hostile odium ; separati epulis, discreti cubilibus; Tac. H. v. 5. cf. Cic. Off. iii. 55. PR. ib. i. 15. Diph. in Ath. vi. 9. St Matt. v. 43. R. On the contrary, the volume of Moses' inculcates justice and humanity to strangers by the most forcible and pathetic appeals to the feelings of the people: see Exod. xxii. 21. xxiii. 9, 12. Deut. xxiv. 14-22. Where the stranger' is associated by Moses with the two most interesting objects of human kindness, the fatherless' and the widow.' [cf. also Levit. xix. 9 sq. 33 sq. xxv. 35. Deut. i. 16. x. 18 sq.] Our author was confessedly as ignorant of the laws as of the practices of the Jews: all that he says amounts to nothing more than the old charges against them, which had been refuted again and again. Even while he was writing Josephus had noticed and repelled them: nu di naì càs doùs τοῖς ἀγνίουσι, καὶ μὴ γέλωτα θηρωμένους aurois iμ≈odíļuv, x. c. 2. A. J. IV. viii. 31. τοὺς ἐκ παρέργου προσιόντας ἀναμίγνυσθαι ταῖς συνηθείαις οὐκ ἐθέλησε· τἆλλα δὲ προείρηκεν, ὧν ἐστὶν ἡ μετάδοσις ἀναγκαία· πᾶσι παρέχειν τοῖς δεομένοις τυς, ὕδωρ, reophv, dous gáo, x. v. 2. c. App. ii. 28. The pagans talked of Moses, but they knew him only through the corrupt sects into which, in its latter age, Judaism was divided. From this circumstance alone, came all that abuse of the Hebrew system, with which the Greek and Roman writers abound, and which has been, either ignorantly or wilfully, continued to our time by Voltaire, Gibbon, and others. G.

Quæsitum ad fontem solos deducere verpos.
105 Sed pater in causa, cui septima quæque fuit lux
Ignava et partem vitæ non attigit ullam.

Sponte tamen juvenes imitantur cetera: solam
Inviti quoque avaritiam exercere jubentur.
Fallit enim vitium specie virtutis et umbra,
110 Quum sit triste habitu vultuque et veste severum.
Nec dubie tamquam frugi laudatur avarus,
Tamquam parcus homo et rerum tutela suarum
Certa magis, quam si fortunas servet easdem
Hesperidum serpens aut Ponticus. Adde quod hunc, de
Quo loquor, egregium populus putat acquirendi
Artificem: quippe his crescunt patrimonia fabris.
Sed crescunt quocumque modo majoraque fiunt
Incude adsidua semperque ardente camiño.

115

Alava

Et pater ergo animi felices credit avaros,

104. The circumcised alone.' T. verpus is the same as apella; Hor. I S. v. 100. and recutitus; Pers. v. 184. PR.

105. Septimo die otium placuisse, ferunt: quia is finem laborum tulerit: dein, blandiente inertia, septimum quoque annum ignaviæ datum; Tac. H. v. 4. PR. Dio xxxvii. 17. cúßßara Jungú Meleag. 83. in Br. An. t. i. p. 24. frigida sabbata, and septima qua que dies turpi damnata veterno; Rutil. i. 389 sqq.

R.

108. For imberbis juvenis utilium (est) tardus provisor, prodigus æris, but (sener) quærit et inventis miser abstinet ac timet uti; Hor. A. P. 164. 170. PR. I S. ii. 16 sqq. Pers. vi. 22 sqq. R. oi mèv véos pixoxeńματοι ἥκιστα, διὰ τὸ μήπω ἐνδείας πεπειρᾶσθαι· οἱ δὲ πρεσβύτεροι ἀνελεύθεροι, διὰ γὰρ τὴν ἐμπειρίαν ἴσασιν, ὡς χαλεπὸν τὸ κτήσασθαι, καὶ ῥᾴδιον τὸ ἀποβαλεῖν· Arist. Rh. II. xiv. 2. xv. cf. 124, note.

109. Decipimur specie recti; Hor. A. P.
25. LU. timidus se cautum vocat, sordidus
parcum &c. Sen. Ep. 45. PR. Ov. R. A.
323 sq. R. "For this grave vice, as-
suming virtue's guise, Seeins virtue's self,
to superficial eyes." G. xiii. 109 sq. notes.
Pers. v. 105. Spectator, No. 373. [Livy
xxii, 12, 19. ED.]

110. Cf. St Matthew vi. 16. M.
111. Cf. Hor. I S. iii. 49 sqq. R.
114. Cf. notes on v. 152. and i. 10.
LU. The golden fleece which Phryxus

had hung up on a tree in Colchis was
guarded by a similar sentinel: FA. and
one of the very same lineage, being born
of Typhon and Echidna: see (1) HY,
on Apoll. and Virg. (2) Schol. on Apoll.
Rh. ii. 1213 sqq. Diod. iv. 49. Ov. M.
vii. 149 sqq. R. All their vigilance did
not save the former from the prowess of
Hercules or the latter from the enterprize
of Jason. M.

115. Besides which, the generality of
people judge of a man by what he is
worth: bona pars hominum decepta cupi-
dine falsa "Nil satis est ;" inquit ; “ quia
tanti, quantum habeas, sis;" Hor. I §. i.
61 sq. M.

116. The words fabris, incude, and camino are all borrowed from the art of metallurgy and, in particular, the coining of money. FA.

117. By fair means or foul,' according to the sayings; mea nil refert, dum potiar modo; Ter. Eun. II. iii, 28. FA. and lucri bonus est odor ex re qualibet; 204. cf. 206, note.

119. Animi after felices, by a Grecism: FA. the genitive case denoting in what respect the word, which governs it, is to be understood.

Vos sapere et solos aio bene vivere, quorum conspicitur nitidis fundata pecunia villis; Hor. I Ep. xv. 45 sq. PR. Aristotle rejects at once the claim of the