Estuo." Nudus agas! Minus est insania turpis. Foedius hoc aliquid quandoque audébis amictu. 'These are the dog-days:' LU. tostam fervens Julius coquit messem; Mart. X. lxii. 7. R. 71. If you are so dreadfully hot, you had better strip at once! you might then have some claim upon our pity as a lunatic.' LU. Nudus (as yvuvòs) means with nothing but the tunic on; (Virg. G. i. 299.) R. instead of which, competitors at the games wore campestria drawers.' Hor. I Ep. xi. 18. AD. With agas understand causas. R. 72. A pretty dress, forsooth, you would adopt!' cf. Virg. Æ. iv. 597. xii. 359 sqq. &c. R. 73. Our legions, with fresh laurels crown'd, And smarting still from many a glorious wound." G. 75. As Mare, terra, cælum, Di vostram fidem!" Plaut. or O tempora! O mores!' Cic. Cat. i. 1. GR. Mart. IX. lxxi. R. See note on 25. PR. 76. It would be indecent even in a witness: much more in a judge; and that judge a stoic!' An argument a fortiori. BRI. GR. 77. Sour and rigid.' R. It was the tenet of the Stoics ὅτι μόνος ὁ σοφὸς ἐλεύθερος, καὶ πᾶς ἄφρων δοῦλος. libertas est potestas vivendi ut velis; Cic. Par. V. i. 4. M. ἐλευθερία, ἐξουσία αὐτοgayias D. Laert. vii. 121. cf. Hor. II S. vii. 83 sqq. I Ep. xvi. 63. R. 78. Perluces has a double meaning: the veil thrown over your disposition is as flimsy as that which exposes, rather than conceals, your person.' PR. In the latter sense we have a beau described as Accipient te crine nitens, niger unguento, perlucidus ostro; Mart. XII. xxxviii. 3. R. The distemper is catching: it will spread.' BRI. Adspice, quid faciant commercia! 166. contagia vites; hæc etiam pecori sæpe nocere solent: &c. Ov. R. A. 613 sqq. Virg. E. i. 51. VS. R. perigovaiv en xęñol öpixíni nanaí Menander quoted by St Paul, 1 Cor. xv. 33. [Livy xxix, 6, marg. ED.] 79. Virg. G. iii. 441 sqq. 468 sqq. R. "One sickly sheep infects the flock, And poisons all the rest;" Watts, D. S. xxi. 15 sq. 81. According to the proverb, uva uvam videndo varia fit: VS. Bórgus wgès Bórguv rainrar Suidas. GR. It was a vulgar notion that the dark colour, in ripening, was communicated from grape to grape.' T. One plum gets colour by looking at another' is a common saying in Persia: Gladwin, Bahar Danush. G. Livor is the purple tinge; usλavoxes Bórgus Anacr. 1. 1. lividos distinguet autumnus racemos purpureo varius colore; Hor. II Od. v. 10 sqq. variat liventibus uva racemis; Prop. IV. ii. 13. R. 82. You will not stop here :' quandoque some of these days.' Perhaps we should read aliud. LU. 83. "Never let man be bold enough to say, Thus, and no farther let my passion stray: The first crime past compels us on to more, And guilt proves fate, which was but choice before." The author I have forgotten. M. There is a method in man's wickedness, It grows " athe Paulatim, qui longa domi redimicula sumunt 85 Frontibus et toto posuere monilia collo Atque Bonam teneræ placant abdomine porcæ Cecropiam soliti Baptæ lassare Cotytto. up by degrees. I am not come so high as killing of myself; there are A hundred thousand sins 'twixt it and me, Which I must do; I shall come to't at last;" Beaum. King and no King. Gresset applies it very happily to the singular depravity of the unfortunate Ver-Vert: "Il démentit les célébres maximes Où nous lisons, qu'on ne vient aux grands crimes Que par dégrés. Il fut un scélérat Profes d'abord, et sans noviciat." G. Venit for fit, as venias for fias; vii. 29. R. In French devenir, in Italian divenire, to become.' In time, no doubt, you will be considered qualified for admission into that abominable club of atheists, which has been formed for the sole purpose of burlesquing the rites of the Good Goddess.' G. vi. 314. Ov. A. A. iii. 244. R. 84. Domi in private.' Redimicula fillets' or ribbons' hanging from their caps: et tunica manicas et habent redimicula mitræ; Virg. Æ. ix. 614, &c. PR. iii. 66. R. 85. Monilia are so called as having been originally memorials' of merit. TI. See note on Topógos Her. viii. 113. These necklaces' often consisted of so many rows as to cover the whole neck.' M. 86. It appears that more than one goddess was worshipped under this name: Macrob. Sat. i. 12. PR. vi. 314 sqq. R. Antiqui sumen vocabant abdomen; Plin. xi. 84. PR. It may here be put, by synecdoche, for the whole animal, as in xii. 73. M. 87. Cf. xii. 8. PR. Ov. F. iii. 418. R. The large bowl' hints at the free indulgence which prevailed even among the ladies at their secret rites. G. vi. 315. . On crater see note on Her. iii. 130. By a contrary regulation.' FA. 88. Sacra Bonæ, maribus non adeunda, Dec; Tib. I. vi. 22. M. 89. A parody of "procul, O procul este, profani," conclamat vates, " totoque absistite luco!" Virg. Æ. vi. 259 sq. M. Et procul hinc, moneo, procul hinc, quæcunque profana, ferte gradus; Sil. xvii. 28 sq. cf. Suet. Ner. 34. The Greek formulary was ixàs. Ixàs, öotis åλirgòs or ἑκὰς ἑκάς ἐστε βέβηλοι. Κ. 90. Here no female minstrel sounds the plaintive horn.' The horn, flute, and trumpet were used (as the bell among us) to summon the worshippers together. LU. (cf. Dan. iii.) The Phrygian flute (tibia, iii. 63.) was curved and is constantly called cornu: as nota Bonæ secreta Dea, quum tibia lumbos incitat et cornu pariter vinoque feruntur; vi. 314 sq. adunco tibia cornu; Ov. Met. iii. 533. xi. 16. F. iv. 181. The Berecynthian horn' (Hor. I Od. xviii. 13 sq.) is used as synonymous with the Berecynthian flute;' III Od. xix. 18 sq. IV Öd. i. 22 sq. R. Gemere; vii. 71. R. 91. Orgies' were so called from the enthusiastic rage (gy) with which they were celebrated.' FA. 4 • ‹. . {(- alle supercilium madida fuligine tactum ....(4-Oblíqua producit acu pingitque trementes t 95 Adtollens oculos: vitreo bibit ille Priapo 1 - Reticulumque comis auratum ingentibus implet, Cærulea indutus scutulata aut galbana rasa Et per Junonem domini jurante ministro. So as to fatigue and disgust even Cotytto, the goddess of wantonness,' whose worship was introduced from Edonia in Thrace. GR. 93. We have here a picture quite in Hogarth's style. We are admitted into the conventicle of this detestable club, and behold the members at their several employments. 94. The custom of tinging the eyes and eyebrows originated in the East. "Jezabel put her eyes in paint;" 2 Kgs. ix. 30, margin; "i. e. in stibium, which made the eyes look black, and was accounted beautiful and also dilated the eyebrows, and made the eyes appear big; which, in some countries, was also thought very amiable." PT. "La grande beauté des dames Arabes et de toutes les femmes de l'Orient est d'avoir de grands yeux noirs bien fendus et à fleur de téte; Mémoires d'Arvieux t. iii. p. 297. We read of Astyages as κεκοσμημένος ὀφθαλμῶν royga Xen. Cyr. I. iii. 2. From the East, this fashion travelled to Greece; from Greece to Rome: the Greek ladies used antimony or black lead; the Romans lamp-black mixed with bear's grease. Plin. xxxviii. 11. AR. Black was the favourite colour; Hor. A. P. 37. PR. Mart. IX. xxxviii. 6. Nigro pulvere oculorum exordia producuntur; Tert. de Hab. Mul. 2. R. The fashion continued till a late date : μηδὲ μέλαινε τεοῖσιν ὑπὸ βλεφάροισιν ὄπωπας· Naumach. G. and Jerome speaks of orbes stibio fuliginatos. FA. The operation, as performed by the Turkish females at Aleppo, is thus described by Shaw and Russel: "Their method of doing it is by a cylindrical piece of silver, steel, or ivory, about two inches long, made very smooth, and about the size of a common probe. This they. wet with water, in order that the powder of lead ore may stick to it, and applying the middle part horizontally to the eye, they shut the eyelids upon it, and so drawing it through between them, it blacks the inside, leaving a narrow black rim all round the edge." M. See BO. p. 23. Turning up his eyes, which quiver under the operation,' from the extreme sensitiveness of the part. They might be also 'tremulous from wantonness.' vii.241. oculos udos ac tremulos, ac prona libidine marcidos, jam jamque semiadopertulos; Apul. Met. iii. p. 135. Ov. A. A. ii. 721. Pers. i. 18. Hor. I Od. xxxvi. 17. Lucian. Am. 14. LU. M. R. 95. In poculis libidines cælare juvit ac per obscœnitates bibere; Plin. xxxiii. pr. GR. Priapus, the son of Bacchus and Venus, was the god of gardens and the tutelary deity of Abydos. PR. 96. His long and thick tresses are confined in network of gold.' Plin. xii. 14. PR. M. Otho and Elagabalus powdered their hair with gold dust. ΗΝ. 97. Understand vestimenta. • Blue checks, or green (or pale yellow) stuffs, shorn of the pile.' Whence galbanos habet mores; Mart. I. xcvii. 9. LU. homo galbanatus; Id. III. lxxxii. 5. M. The Gauls invented checked stuffs. Rasa are opposed to pexa. GR. They came into fashion in the Augustan age. PR. Mart. II. lxxxv. 4. Lana Istria Liburniæque pilo propior quam lanæ, pexis aliena vestibus, et quam Salacia scutulato textu commendat in Lusitania; Plin. viii. 48 s 72. xi. 24 s 28. R. 98. Nay even the valet swears by his lord's Juno.' BR. Men used to swear by the Gods, women by the Goddesses, Plin. ii. 7. PR. and servants by their master's Genius. cf. Tib. III. vi. 49. R. Notes on Hor. III Od. xvii. 14. 99. Another parody on Virgil: magni gestamen Abantis; E. iii. 286. vii. 246. and corripit hastam Actoris Aurunci spolium; E. xii. 93 sq. This wretch was proud of the effeminate Otho's mirror," 100 Actoris Aurunci spolium, quo se ille videbat Res memoranda novis annalibus atque recenti.^ Nimirum summi ducis est, occidere Galbam 105 Et curare cutem; summi constantia civis, Bebriaci campo spolium affectare Palati Et pressum in faciem digitis extendere panem: plu no less than Turnus was of the gallant Actor's spear.' LU. Or of which Otho had erst despoiled some other redoubted champion.' Their mirrors were made of polished metal, and sometimes equalled the full length of the figure. Sen. Q. N. i. 17. HN. Stat. III S. iv. 94. BO. On the effeminacy of Otho, see Suet. 2. and 12. Tac. H. i. 71. &c. R. Though a favourite of Nero, he was the first to join Galba, of whose assassination he afterwards became the author. As an enemy of Galba (whom Vespasian suspected of a design upon his life) and of Vitellius, he was regarded with favour by the Flavian family, and consequently with aversion by Juvenal. Tacitus represents differently his last march: nec illi segne aut corruptum luxu iter; sed lorica ferrea usus est, et ante signa pedester, horridus, incomptus, famæque dissimilis; H. ii. 11. G. maitre.' After his suicide, his soldiers 105 and 107. vi. 464. Hor. I Ep. iv. 15. Consistency worthy of the first citizen in the republic!' R. It was currently reported after his death, Galbam ab eo non tam dominandi, quam reipublicæ ac libertatis restituendæ causa interemptum ; Suet. Oth. 12. 106. The battle of Bebriacum' (between Verona and Cremona) decided the fate of the empire and transferred the purple to Vitellius. Tac. H. ii. 14 sqq. Suet. Oth. 8 sq. PR. R. 'The spoil of the palace' intimates that the imperial dignity had become the prey of each daring adventurer. R. 107. Slices of bread, made of rice, beans, or wheat, and soaked in asses' milk, were spread over the face as a cosmetic. LU. vi. 461 sqq. CAS. Cutem in fucie erugari et tenerescere, et candorem custodiri lacte asinino putabant; unde Poppaa uxor Neronis, quocunque ire contigisset, secum sexcentas asellas ducebat; Plin. xxviii. 12. xi. 41. PR. Tib. I. viii. 11. R. SAT. II. 小 Quod nec in Assyrio pharetrata Semiramis orbe, Mosta nec Actiaca fecit Cleopatra carina... 110 Hic pullus verbis pudor aut reverentia mensæ. Hic turpis Cybeles et fracta voce loquendi Libertas et crine senex phanaticus albo JA Sacrorum antistes, rarum ac memorabile magni 108. • Even the most luxurious queens, when they went forth to war, discontinued such effeminate habits.' Semiramis, Assyriorum regina, cum ei circa cultum capitis occupate nuntiatum esset Babylonem defecisse, altera parte crinium adhuc soluta, protinus ad eum expugnandam cucurrit, nec prius decorem capillorum in ordinem, quam tantam urbem in potestatem suam, redegit. Quocirca statua ejus Babylone posita est illo habitu, quo, ad ultionem exigendum, celeritate præcipiti tetendit; V. Max. ix. 3. Just. i. 2. PR. Orbe empire.' VA. 109. Cleopatra, daughter of Ptolemy Auletes, queen of Egypt and mistress of Antony, was present to witness her paramour's sad' defeat by Augustus at Actium.' LU. cum aurea puppe veloque purpureo se in altum dedit; Plin. xix. 1. See Shakspeare's description of her galley, Ant. and Cl. II. ii. M. Flor. iv. 11. cf. Hor. I Od. xxxvii. R. Prop. IV. vi. 57 sqq. 110. In this precious conclave.' rgáπεζα μὲν ἱερὸν χρῆμα, δι' ἧς ὁ θεὸς τιμᾶται φίλιός τε καὶ ξένιος· Synes. Ep. 57. TH. Nusquam reverentia mensæ; Among Claud. in Ruf. i. 229. R. many absurd and many impious tenets of paganism, there are some of excellent tendency and not undeserving of imitation. Such was their hospitality, founded on the notion that celestials sometimes visited the abodes of men. cf. Hebr. xiii. 2. Gen. xviii. 1-8. xix. 1-3. Olim mos erat et mensæ credere adesse deos; Ov. F. vi. 305 sq. Præsentes namque ante domus invisere castas sæpius, et sese mortali ostendere cœtu calicolæ, nondum spretu pietate, solebant; Cat. Ixiv. 385 sqq. Hence a stranger, however humble his exterior, was treated with respect: Evo po is F 33 ἔστ', οὐδ ̓ εἰ κακίων σέθεν ἔλθοι, ξεῖνον ἀτν· "I tried your charity, When in a 111. Such disgraceful licentiousness as prevails at the Megalesian rites among the emasculated priests of the Phrygian goddess.' LU. cf. Diod. Sic. iv. 5. Ov. F. iv. PR. R. The grossness of these ceremonies was such, that the parents of the actors were ashamed to be present at the rehearsals, which took place at home, previous to the celebration of the festival. G. They lisped their obscenities in a falsetto voice.' GE. cf. Augustin. xi. 111. LU. 112. Phanaticus' possessed.' Virg. Æ. sqq. M. vi. 46 114. See i. 140. R. 'If one would take lessons in gluttony.' tum si magistrum cepit ad eam rem improbum; Ter. An. I. ii. 19. M. 115. Why hesitate (Ov. Ep. iii. 83.) any longer about completing your resemblance to those effeminate priests, when a knife will rid you in a moment of the superfluous characteristics of manhood?' T. Ov. F. iv. 243. Tib. I. iv. 70. R. This Phrygian fashion' was adopted in imitation of the boy Atys whom Cybele loved. PR. 116. The knives were of sharp stone: vi. 514. Claud. in Eut. i. 280. R. as among the Jews. PR. Exod. iv. 25. 117. Cf. i. 92. 106. vi. 137. brought with him.' PR. i, 62, 78. Has |