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Laudatur: BELLUM HOC!-Bellum hoc? an, Romule, ceves? Men moveat quippe et, cantet si naufragus, assem Protulerim? Cantas, quum fracta te in trabe pictum 90 Ex humero portes? Verum nec nocte paratum Plorabit, qui me volet incurvasse querela.

"Sed numeris decor est et junctura addita crudis." Claudere sic versum didicit: Berecyntius Attis. Et: qui cæruleum dirimebat Nerea delphin. 95 Sic: costam longo subduximus Apennino.

"Arma virum-nonne hoc spumosum et cortice pingui ?" Ut ramale vetus vegrandi subere coctum.

verbis dubiis hærere, et ambiguas librare sententias, quibus loquens magis quam audiens decipitur; S. Hier. Ep. to Pamm. CAS.

"In terse antithesis (Cic. Or. 49. K.) he weighs the crime, Equals the pause, and balances the chime:" G. so that, as in Timon's garden, "Grove nods at grove, each alley has a brother, And half the platform just reflects the other;" Pope, Mor. Ep. iv. 117 sq.

87. Does Romulus (Juv. iii. 67. M.) play the spaniel?' by giving "Sweet words, Low-crook'd curt'sies, and base spaniel fawning;" Shakspeare, J. C. III. i. "You play the spaniel, And think with wagging of your tongue to win me ;" Id. K. H. vIII. V. ii.

88. Si vis me flere, dolendum est primum ipsi tibi; tunc tua me infortunia lædent; Hor. A. P. 102 sq. LÜ.

89. I should say, what! do you sing ?'

Quum &c. Juv. xiv. 302, note. This trick was often played by impostors; therefore pictum is emphatic. K.

90. Verum, understand ploratum. PR. 'Not conned over-night.' M.

91. Intelliges non magis tibi incurvari licere, quam illi, si quis modo est, cujus humeris mundus innititur; Sen. Cons. to Pol. 26; quid est in tormentis, quid est in aliis, quæ adversa appellamus, mali? hoc, ut opinor, succidere mentem et incurvari et succumbere; Id. Ep. 71. Cic. T. Q. ii. 23. cf. Hor. A. P. 110. K.

92. Even unfinished verses derive a grace from a happy combination and adaptation of words.' Quint. x. 4. K. Hor. A. P. 47 sq. M. 93. Attis was a beautiful Phrygian

boy, beloved by Cybele, to whom mount Berecyntus, in the Lesser Asia, was sacred. Ov. M. x. T. Cat. lxiii. (DŒE.) Ov. F. iv. 223. PR. Macr. S. i. 21. K. Dio says of Nero inilag@dnoev 'Arriva· lxi. 21. JS. Ov. Ib. 455 sqq.

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94. The dolphin clave blue Nereus right in twain:' in plain English, was swimming through the sea.' LU. V. Flac. i. 450. K. Tib. IV. i. 58. PV.

95. Subducere is a military term, and means to surprize and preoccupy a position by forced or stolen marches.'

ai is used in this sense by Xenophon; and some pleasantry passes between him and the Spartan Cherisophus on the relative dexterity of their countrymen in stealing: An. IV. vi. 1012. G. Through luck divine, we, with our hostile line, Stole by surprize the chine of Apennine.'

Est in eo quoque nonnihil, quod singulis verbis bini pedes continentur, quod etiam in carminibus est permolle : nec solum ubi quinæ syllabæ nectuntur, ut in his—“fortissima Tyndaridarum :” sed etiam ubi quaternæ, quum versus cluditur"Apennino," et " armamentis,” et— "Oriona;" Quint. Inst. ix. 4, 65. CAS. 96. Is not this' "A pithless branch beneath a fungous rind ?" G.

Arma virum is here put for the whole Eneid, and that for Virgil himself. Ov. R. A. 367 sq. Tr. ii. 533 sq. Mart. VIII. lvi. 19. Aus. Ep. cxxxvii. Sidon. ii. 4. K. A depreciation of the standard poetry is, in every country, one of the most striking signs of a decay of taste; and it is usually accompanied by a passion for the crude and imperfect productions of an earlier age. G.

97. Persius takes up the far-fetched

"Quidnam igitur tenerum et laxa cervice legendum ?” Torva Mimalloneis implerunt cornua bombis, 100 Et raptum vitulo caput ablatura superbo Bassaris et lyncem Manas flexura corymbis Evion ingeminat; reparabilis adsonat Echo. Hæc fierent, si testiculi vena ulla paterni Viveret in nobis? summa delumbe saliva 105 Hoc natat in labris et in udo est Manas et Attis, Nec pluteum cædet nec demorsos sapit ungues. "Sed quid opus teneras mordaci radere vero

metaphor and, adopting his opponent's own phraseology, replies that although the bark might be turgid and corky, it had sound and well-seasoned timber under it. G. Quint. x. PR.

Suber; Plin. xvi. 8 s 13. PR. cf. Hor. III Od. ix. 22. M. Ov. Her. v. 28. Theoph. H. P. iii. 16. K.

Coctum is opposed to crudum. CAS. Virg. Æ. xi. 554. K.

98. Without the throat's being braced and strained.'

99. Spectator, No. 617.

Mimalloneis of the Bacchantes.' VS. Mimas was a mountain of Ionia where the orgies were celebrated. PR. Strab. x. SCH. cf. Schol. on Lycoph. 1236. 1464. Stat. Th. iv. 649 sqq. (B.) K. Ov. A. A. i. 541.

Bombis with the hum.' PR. From Bouß (to bumble,' Chaucer;) are derived Boubaúλos Arist. Ach. 831. and Boußudios Id. V. 107. whence our BUMBLE-BEE, more commonly called HUMBLE-BEE, and, provincially,DUм

BLEDORE.

The first line of this burlesque seems parodied from Catullus: multris raucisonos efflabant cornua bombos; lxiv. 264. CAS. cf. Lucr. iv. 550.

100. Many expressions in this poem closely resemble those in the Baccha of Euripides; cf. 735 sqq. CAS. G.

Pentheus is here designated as the calf;' for so his frantic mother Agave fancied, when she (with her companions) tore him in pieces; and arrogant,' for his conduct towards Bacchus. LU. cf. Hor. II S. iii. 303 sq. but according to Ovid, she imagined him to be a boar: M. iii. 714. PR.

101. Bassaris is here applied to Agave, from Bassareus (Hor. I Od. xviii. 11.)

an epithet of Bacchus: the etymology is uncertain. VS.

The car of Bacchus was drawn by lynxes' harnessed with ivy-branches.' LU.

Manas; Juv. vi. 317. M.

Flectere' to guide;' Virg. G. ii. 357. E. i. 156. M.

102. Evion, an epithet of Bacchus. cf. Juv. vii. 62, note. M. Hor. II Od. xix. 7. PR. Eur. B. 141. K.

Reproductive.' LU. Calp. v. 20. K. Echo; Ov. M. iii. 356 sqq. LU. Aus. Ep. xi. also Plin. ii. 46. xxxvi. 15. PR.

103. Any spark of pristine vigour,' G. any vein of the manliness of our sires.' si quid in Flacco viri est; Hor. Ep. xv. 12. PR.

104. "This cuckoo-spit of Rome, Which gathers round the lips in froth and foam!" G. these nerveless and superficial effusions, which float on the lips and not in the brain.' CAS, FA.

105. In udo is equivalent to in ore: (cf. 42, note) implying perhaps at the same time that these affectations were relished, so as to make the mouth water; which always prevents a person from speaking with force and distinctness. T. They

106. Cf. Quint. x. 3. PR. give no proof of pains.' culpantur frustra calami immeritusque laborat iratis natus paries dis atque poetis; Hor. II S. iii. 7 sq. M. in versu faciendo sæpe caput scaberet, vivos et roderet ungues; Hor. I S. x. 70 sq. PR. Ep. v. 47 sq. and in v. 162 sq. K. Rambler, No. 169.

107. No raree-show man shifts his figures quicker than Persius does his fantoccini: we may therefore suppose that the friend, who had been a silent listener since he expressed his dissent in

Nil moror.

Auriculas? Vide sis, ne majorum tibi forte Limina frigescant: sonat hîc de nare canina 110 Litera." Per me equidem sint omnia protinus alba : Euge! omnes etenim bene miræ eritis res. Hoc juvat?" Hîc" inquis "veto quisquam faxit oletum!" Pinge duos angues: PUERI, SACER EST LOCUS; EXTRA MEJITE. Discedo. Secuit Lucilius Urbem, 115 Te, Lupe, te, Muci, et genuinum fregit in illis.

v. 11. now again steps forward to warn the satirist of his danger. G. Obsequium amicos, veritas odium parit; Ter. And.

I. i. 41.

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Quorum (i. e. of things to be learnt') ne jejuna atque arida traditio averteret animos, et aures præsertim tam delicatas raderet, verebamur; Quint. Inst. iii. 1. K.

108. Auriculas; Hor. II S. v. 32 Vidě, as cavě in Hor. I Ep. xiii. 19. LU. and vale (but that is before a vowel) in Virg. E. iii. 79. Fasc. Poet. p. 5.

Sis [Livy xxiii, 47, d. ED.] Our author still affects the disguise which he put on at first, as though he had to dread expulsion from the tables of the rich.G. O puer, ut sis vitalis, metuo; et majorum ne quis amicus frigore te feriat; Hor. ÎI S. i. 60 sqq. FA.

109. We often find attributed to the threshold that which belongs, properly, to the inmate. cf. Ov. M. xiv. 703 sq. Am. I. vi. 67 sq. Prop. I. xvi. 17. II. xvi. 23. K. superba civium potentiorum limina; Hor. Ep. ii. 7 sq.

(1) This currish humour you extend too far, While every word growls with that hateful gnarr." G. R is called the dog's letter, because the vibration of the tongue in pronouncing it, resembles the snarling of a dog. See Alchymist, II. vi. M. irritata canis quod homo quam planiu' dicit; Lucil. Shaksp. Rom. and Jul. II. iv, end. G. or (2)" Methinks they're touch'd already, and I hear The doggish letter R sound in my ear." HO. House-dogs were chained at the gates of their residences, with a notice on the wall cave canem; Ov. Tr. ii. 459 sq. Pet. 27. 77. The surliness of the porter and the growls of the dog may both be traced to the coolness of their lord. PV. PM. OR. K. DB.

110. Alba. ò μèv 2euxòv rñí àyato φύσεως, τὸ δὲ μέλαν κακοῦ· Pythag. in Laert. PR. T. Sil. xv. 53. (R.) K.

111. Cf. Hor. I S. x. 11-15. PR. nil moror; ib. iv. 13. M. Juv. iii. 183, note.

The French have this idiom in their language: "bien admirable."

112. Hoc juvat? Hor. I S. i. 78. K.

Cf. Juv. i. 131. M. You affix to your poems' "Commit no nuisance : decency forbids !"

113. Veteres Gentiles serpentes appinxere ad conciliandam loco sacro reverentiam, quos mystæ suos genios interpretabantur; quemadmodum Christiani crucem appingunt; Laurent. DD. Every place had its genius, who was generally represented under the figure of a snake. SV. cf. Her. viii. 41, note; ii. Liv. x. Flor. xi. Paus. Corinth. Virg. Æ. v. 82. (HY.) Prop. IV. viii. T. Macr. S. i. 20. Plut. Cleom. fin. Id. Is. Os. Æl. An. ii. 2. 16 sq. PR. Arist. Pl. 733. CAS. See Deane on the Serpent Worship.

Sacer est locus; Calp. ii. 55. K. Go elsewhere, if you have need.'

114. There is considerable humour in making the poet, after he had been warned off the premises by the forbidding snakes, linger as he retires, and finally turn back and justify his right to remain by the examples of Lucilius and Horace. G.

Lucilius (Juv. i. 20. 165 sq.) sale multo urbem defricuit; Hor. I S. x. 14 sq. primores populi arripuit populumque tributim; II S. i. 69. PR. I S. iv. 1 sqq. M. Id. Ep. v. 4. K. Lucilius was greatuncle to Pompey, and lived in habits of intimacy with the chiefs of the republic, with Lælius, Scipio, and others, who were well able to protect him from the Lupi and Mucii of the day, had they attempted (which they probably did not) to silence or molest him. G.

115. P. Rutilius Lupus, who was consul. The passage is preserved in Cic. Fin. i. PŘ.

Muci; Juv. i. 154.

Omne vafer vitium ridenti Flaccus amico
Tangit et admissus circum præcordia ludit,
Callidus excusso populum suspendere naso.
Men mutire nefas? nec clam nec cum scrobe?

quam."

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"Nus

120 Hic tamen infodiam: Vidi, vidi ipse, libelle: Auriculas asini quis non habet?" Hoc ego opertum, Hoc ridere meum, tam nil, nulla tibi vendo Iliade. Audaci quicumque afflate Cratino, Iratum Eupolidem prægrandi cum sene palles, 125 Adspice et hæc, si forte aliquid decoctius audis.

Genuinum frangere is more than dentem illidere; Hor. II S. i. 77. K.

In illis for in vobis: an instance of ἀνακόλουθον. LU.

116. "With greater art sly Horace gain'd his end: But spared no failing of his smiling friend; Sportive and pleasant round the heart he play'd, And wrapt in jests the censure he convey'd; With such address his willing victims seized, That tickled fools were rallied and were pleased." DD.

117. Ridentem dicere verum, quid vetat? Hor. I S. i. 34 sq. LU.

Amico. cf. Hor. I S. iii. 63–69. PR. "Play'd lightly round and round the peccant part, And won, unfelt, an entrance to his heart." G.

118. Cf. 40, note. LU. Excusso without a wrinkle,' LU. 'with well-dissembled sarcasm.'

119. An allusion to the story of Midas's barber, who, being unable to contain the secret of the king's having ass's ears, whispered it to a hole dug in the ground. VS. CAS. Ov. M. xi. 90 sqq. PR. Pope had his eye on this passage in the prologue to his satires, 69 sqq. DN. 120. Here in my book will I bury the secret.' CAS.

Infodiam was more applicable to the ancient than to the modern mode of writing. Juv. i. 63, note. M.

121. Quis non habet? We have here the sentence complete, which was commenced but abruptly suppressed at v. 8. LU. Midas was gifted with asinine ears for the bad taste he betrayed in delivering judgement on Apollo's minstre sy. PR.

122. Hoc ridere for hunc risum; cf.

9. M.

'Such a mere nothing.' cf. 2. K. 123. Not for that Iliad you so highly prize.' G. cf. 4. LU.

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Inspired by bold Cratinus' with the contempt of folly and the hatred of vice. CAS. Eupolis atque Cratinus Aristophanesque poetæ atque alii, quorum comœdia prisca virorum est, si quis erat dignus describi, quod malus aut fur, quod mœchus foret aut sicarius aut alioqui famosus, multa cum libertate notabant; Hor. I S. iv. 1-5. Persius mentions the three in chronological order. Cratinus carried his boldness so far, that it was found necessary to restrain his personalities by a special edict. He flourished before the Peloponnesian war, and lived to the age of nearly a hundred. cf. Luc. Macr. t. iii. p. 227. Ath. i. Eus. Chron. Quint. x. V. Pat. i. 16. PR. G.

124. The anger of Eupolis was directed against the pestilent demagogues who were the curse of his country. cf. Cic. Att. vi. 1. PR. Why the youngest of these dramatists is called prægrandis senex, is uncertain. He lived, however, to be nearly seventy, and is styled the prince of the old comedy. PV. Cleon and the minions of the people lived in awe of him: G. and the fame of his writings had excited an interest even at the Persian court. MIT.

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Inde vaporata lector mihi ferveat aure:
Non hic, qui in crepidas Graiorum ludere gestit
Sordidus et lusco qui possit dicere, LUSCE!

Sese aliquem credens, Italo quod honore supinus 130 Fregerit heminas Aretî ædilis iniquas:

Nec qui abaco numeros et secto in pulvere metas
Scit risisse vafer, multum gaudere paratus,
Si Cynico barbam petulans nonaria vellat.

ratio limabit, aliquid vel ipso usu deteretur; Quint. xi. 4. PR. cf. 45 sq. M.

126. Let my reader glow with an ear warmed by their strains.' PR. This passage accounts for the constant succession of new speakers in Persius. Horace and Juvenal profess to imitate Lucilius; while our youthful poet took for his model the old comedy, and therefore threw his satires into the dramatic form. Whatever his reason might have been, he certainly secured vivacity and freedom by his choice; and though his success might not be great, yet his ambition is not to be censured. G.

127. The Greeks were distinguished by the sandal (crepida) or slipper (solea), as the Romans by the shoe (calceus): Gell. xiii. 10. sapiens crepidas sibi numquam nec soleas fecit; sutor tamen est; Hor. I S. iii. 127 sq. PR. Suet Tib. 13. K. The quantity of crepidas is changed from κρηπίδας. ΒΧ. To ridicule national peculiarities of dress is a proof of a low and vulgar mind.

128. Bodily defects are objects of pity rather than ridicule. Plat. Prot. Tois did Qúon airxgoïs oùdels ir Arist. Eth. iii. 5. SCH. The brutal stupidity of this piece of insolence is happily dashed out at a single stroke: Halloo! blind man!" This is all the wit which the lout can muster. G.

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lying on their backs. cf. Mart. V. viii. 10. Sen. Ben. ii. 13. Ep. 80. Ov. M. vi. 275. Cat. xvii. 25. CAS. GU. cratera Herculeum Tirynthius olim ferre manu sola spumantemque ore supino vertere solebat; Stat. Th. vi. 531 sqq.

130. Juv. x. 100 sqq, notes. Cic. Leg.

ii. T. 6

Half-pint pots :' here put for measures in general. T. Plin. xxi. ult. PR.

Aretium a town of Etruria, now 'Arezzo.' Mart. XIV. xcviii. PR.

131. The abacus was a slender frame of an oblong shape; in the bottom of which, counters for reckoning were either ranged in grooves, or traversed on graduated wires; thereby furnishing an easy and compendious mode of calculation. G. Arithmetic.' LU. FA.

The economical sand-boards of the Madras School were no novelty eighteen centuries ago. G. 'Geometry.' LU. FA. Archimedes (homunculus a pulvere et radio; Cic. T. Q. v. 23. K.) was thus engaged when Syracuse was taken and he himself fell by the hand of a Roman soldier. Liv. xxv. The palace of Dionysius was quite dusty, from the number of mathematicians who_pursued the study of geometry there. Plut. PR.

133. 'He is ready to die with laughing if an impudent quean pluck a Cynic by the beard.' These philosophers were patient under injuries and regarded insults with indifference; and hence they were exposed to many trials of temper. CAS. vellunt tibi barbam lascivi pueri; Hor. I S. iii. 133 sq. M. Sen. Ira iii. 38. K. The common women were not allowed to show themselves before three o'clock in the day. VS.

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