ADMOVIT jam bruma foco te, Basse, Sabino? 1. From this it appears that the wealthy Romans changed their residence with the seasons: and that they not only resorted to their villas in the spring, but at other times, when they were disposed for study and retirement. Cic. Att. Suet. Aug. 72. Hor. I Ep. vii. xv. PR. 11 Ep. ii. 65 sqq. 77 sq. Plin. Ep. i. 9. K. Literary characters, like our poets, were glad of any pretence to escape from the riotous excesses and the anarchy of the Saturnalia. G. Bruma novi prima est veterisque novissima solis; Ov. F. i. 163. with us St Thomas's day.' Festus. PR. Focus is used for prædium, on account of the time of the year. K. Casius Bassus, an eminent lyric poet; who was destroyed, together with his country house, in that great eruption of Vesuvius, VS. in which Pliny the elder is also said to have perished. G. He is mentioned as approaching most nearly to Horace: Quint. Inst. x. 1, 96. PR. Prop. I. iv. 1. (BK.) WE, P. L. M. t. iii. p. xxxiii sqq. K. and p. xix. DB. 2. While the strings quicken to thy manly quill." G. Ov. A. A. i. 721. Sen. H. F. 579 sq. lyra et chorda for 'strings of the lyre. On this instrument, cf. Hor. I Od. x. 6. III. ii. 3. (JA.) K. 3. Of wondrous skill in adapting to minstrelsy the early forms of ancient words, and the masculine strain of the Latian lute. It would appear from this, that Bassus was an antiquary and had successfully transferred to his odes some of the nervous words of the older dialects of his country. WB. "Great workman! whose blest muse sweet lines affordes, Full of the native beauty of old wordes." но. 4. Intendisse numeris is the same as numeris condere; Ov. F. vi. 24. or numeris coercere; Id. Pont. IV. viii. 73. cf. Virg. Æ. ix. 776. Hor. I Ep. iii. 12 sq. K. 5. Juvenes for juveniles; LUJ. Ov. Tr. V. i. 7. K. Agitare jocos; Ov. M. iii. 319. the same as jocari. K. Jocos; Ov. Tr. II. 494. III. ii. 4. K. Amatory and playful themes.' LU. Musa dedit fidibus juvenum curas et libera vina referre; Hor. A. P. 83 sqq. CAS. "With moral touch." G. 6. Ludere for canere; as in Virg. E. i. 10. PR. Hor. IV. Od. ix. 9. or to play the good old man' by assuming an air of authority and sententiousness: civem ludere; Cic. Ep. viii. 9. K. bonum He was staying with his mother Fulvia Sisennia, who, after his father's death, married again; her second husband was a Ligurian. VS. Ligus is here a feminine adjective. LU. 7. Maria agitata ventis ita tepescunt, ut intelligi facile possit in tantis illis humoribus inclusum esse calorem: nec enim ille externus et adventitius habendus est tepor, sed ex intimis maris partibus agitatione excitatus: Cic. N. D. ii. 10 s 26. PR. Plut. Q. N. viii. t. xiii. cf. Prop. IV. i. 124. (PAS.) K. Defendens pisces hyemat mare; Hor. II S. ii. 17. PR. vernat; Sen. Ep. 114. K. 8. Dant present.' ginλsisraio ziμèv ὄρεσιν ὑψηλοῖς, ἀφ ̓ ὧν τὰ πελάγη κατο TUTA Strab. v. PR. Sil. viii. 480. (R.) cf. Virg. Æ. i. 105. iii. 533 sqq. V. Flac. i. 619. Claud. xlix. 37. K. Luna where the villa stood was one of the many convenient and beautiful situations in which the gulf of Spezia abounded. The town itself has lain in ruins for ages; what now occupies a part of its site is called Larice. G. Lunai portum est operæ cognoscere, cives ! Hîc ego securus vulgi et quid præparet Auster Curvus ob id minui senio aut coenare sine uncto 9. A verse of Ennius. VS. primum oppidum Hetruriæ, Luna, portu nobile; Plin. iii. 5. xiv. 6. xxxvi. PR. Ennius must have known the port of Luna' well. It was there that the Romans usually took shipping for Corsica and Sardinia, the latter of which islands the poet often visited in company with the elder Cato. G. Opera, understand pretium. LU. 10. Cor is often used for sense.' PR. Hence the adjectives cordatus, excors, vecors, &c. Cic. T. Q. i. 9. hoc est non modo cor non habere, sed ne palatum quidem; Fin. ii. 28. K. cor Enni will be a periphrasis, like those so frequent in Juvenal, and will mean Ennius in his senses.' LU. cf. Juv. iv. 39, note. When, all his dreams of transmigration past, He found himself plain Quintus at the last!" G. Q. Ennius born at Rudii in Campania, about A. U. 514, the most ancient Latin poet after Livius Andronicus, wrote the Annals of the Roman People and other poems, of which only fragments remain. cf. Gell. xvii. 17. Cic. T. Q. i. 34. Ennius et sapiens et fortis et alter Homerus, ut critici dicunt, leviter curare videtur quo promissa cadant et somnia Pythagorea; Hor. II Ep. i. 50 sqq. PR. For further particulars see AN. Our poet here ridicules the Pythagorean doctrine of the metempsychosis. cf. Ov. M. xv. 160 sqq. Tert. de An. 24 sq. pavum se meminit Homerus Ennio somniante: sed poetis nec vigilantibus credam; ib. 33 sq. de Res Carn. i. 7. S. Hier. Ap. adv. Ruf. iii. fin. Lact. iii. 18. vii. 23. PR. Cic. S. Sc. i. Lucr. i. 118-127. 13. Arboribusque satisque Notus pecorique sinister; Virg. G. i. 444. PR. Hor. II Od. xiv. 15 sq. II S. vi. 18 sq. Plin. H. N. ii. s 48. K. The Italians call this wind Sirocco. M. O si angulus ille proximus accedat, qui nunc denormat agellum! Hor. II S. vi. 8 sq. PR. 15. Ne plus frumenti dotalibus emetat agris Mutus; indignum, quod sit pejoribus ortus; Hor. I Ep. vi. 21 sq. PR. 16. Jam vigor et quasso languent in corpore vires!...confiteor facere hoc annos ; sed et altera causa est, anxietas animi continuusque labor; Ov. Pont. I. iv. 3 &c. PR. M. ii. 760. Hor. I Ep. xviii. 47. Sen. Hip. 1127 sqq. aiya yàg iv nazósatı Bgoro xarayngásxove Hom. Od. T 360. Hes. O. 15. 93. K. 'Without good cheer.' M. cf. Hor. A. P. 422. PR. iv. 17. K. 17. It was the custom of the Romans to pour melted pitch over the mouth of their wine vessels, on which, when sufficiently cooled for the purpose, they impressed their signets. Suspicious of his slaves, the miser is ludicrously represented as bending over the jar, and prying so narrowly into the state of the seal as to touch it with his nose: the wine too, for which all this solicitude is manifested, is not unworthy of the rest of the picture, it is good for nothing. G. CAS. T. cf. Hor. II Ep. ii. 134. nam id demum lepidum est triparcos homines vetulos, avidos, Discrepet his alius. Geminos, horoscope, varo Hic bona dente 20 Tingat olus siccum muria vafer in calice emta, aridos bene admordere, qui salinum servo obsignant cum sale; Plaut. Pers. II. iii. 14 sqq. sicut olim matrem meam facere memini, quæ lagenos etiam inanes obsignabat, ne dicerentur inanes aliquæ fuisse, quæ furtim essent exsiccate; Cic. Ep. xvi. 26. He might also apply his nose to ascertain whether it was evaporating. PR. cf. Juv. xiv. 126 sqq, notes. K. 18. The star, That beams, ascendant, on the natal hour," G. produces twins of widely different characters.' LU. Castor gaudet equis, ovo prognatus eodem pugnis; Hor. II S. i. 26 sq. It was impossible for two persons to be more unlike than Commodus and Antoninus, the twin sons of the emperor Marcus; who, according to the predictions of the astrologers, were to be in all respects alike: Lampr. cf. Gell. xiv. 1. PR. Prop. IV. i. 89. (VU. BU.) K. Horoscope; on the prosopopoeia, cf. Quint. Inst. viii. 5. K. Varo i. e. vario; LU. iv. 12. PR. 19. Producis; Juv. vi. 241, note. Natalibus; Juv. xi. 83 sqq, notes. M. v. 151, note. K. 20. Every word in this description is expressive of meanness. Tingat; Hor. II S. ii. 60 sqq. olus; ib. i. 74. Juv. x. 78 sq. siccum, opposed to unctum, v. 16, muria the brine in which tunny was pickled;' v. 183. Mart. XIII. ciii. Plin. xxxi. 8. and though this pickle was so cheap, he merely bought a little of it in a cup.' LU. PŘ. M. K. 21. Ipse, not trusting his servant : sacrum preserved most religiously;' Hor. I S. i. 71 sq. II S. iii. 110. as though it were sacrilege to waste one grain.' cf. Mart. XIII. xiii. LU. PR. K. Dente peragit eats his way through.' Juv. xi. 38 sq. Hor. II S. iii. 206 sqq. I Ep. xv. 37 sqq. K. The story of the prodigal runs gaily off the tongue in dactyls, and is despatched almost as quickly as his patrimony was. G. Utar ego, utar, Utar: as Persius here twice declares his determination to use his goods; so, in the two following lines, he twice declares his resolution not to abuse them. 23. Rhombos; Juv. xi. 121. iv. 39, note. Plin. ix. 20. num esuriens fustidis omnia præter pavonem rhombumque? Hor. I S. ii. 115 sq. II S. ii. 48 sq. PR. Ep. ii. 49 sq. K. Libertis; Juv. v. 28, note. Petr. 38. (H.) K. Lautus; Juv. xiv. 257. K. i ßávavoos τῷ παρὰ τὸ δέον ἀναλίσκειν ὑπερβάλλει, ἐν γὰρ τοῖς μικροῖς τῶν δαπανημάτων πολλὰ ἀναλίσκει, καὶ λαμπρύνεται παρὰ μέλος· οἷον ἐρανιστάς γαμικῶς ἑστιῶν· Arist. Eth. iv. 2. 24. The feminine turdarum is here used by catach resis; VS. perhaps because the hen-thrushes were considered the more delicious. M. For the cogno. scenti of Italy" sapevano dire gustando li tordi, s'erano domestici ò pur selvaggi, e se maschi ò pur femine." STE. These birds were accounted such great delicacies by the Romans, that they had particular buildings attached to their houses for breeding and fattening them for the table. G. cf. Plin. x. 24. Ath. ii. 24. obeso nil melius turdo; Hor. I Ep. xv. 41 sq. II S. v. 10. I S. v. 72. inter aves turdus, si quis me judice certet; inter quadrupedes gloria prima lepus; Mart. XIII. xcii. li. PR. K. Juniper berries were an important article in their food. LU. Salivam the flavour.' VS. Varro L. L. viii. Plin. xxiii. Methymnæi grate saliva meri; Prop. IV. viii. 38. PR. 25 Messe tenus propria vive: et granaria (fas est) Emole. Quid metuas? Occa, et seges altera in herba est. "Ast vocat officium: trabe rupta, Bruttia saxa Prendit amicus inops remque omnem surdaque vota Condidit Ionio: jacet ipse in litore et una 30 Ingentes de puppe dei jamque obvia mergis Costa ratis laceræ." Nunc et de cespite vivo Frange aliquid; largire inopi, ne pictus oberret Cærulea in tabula. Sed cœnam funeris heres Negliget iratus, quod rem curtaveris: urnæ 35 Ossa inodora dabit, seu spirent cinnama surdum Seu ceraso peccent casiæ, nescire paratus. 25. 'Harvest' is here put for income.' LU. 26. Quid metuus? St Matthew vi. 34. M. Occa; cultivate your land.' M. Ov. F. iv. 645. K. "First the blade, then the ear, then the full corn in the ear;" St Mark iv. 28. M. cf. Ov. Her. xvii. 263. (II.) K. 27. By the Bruttian rocks' is here meant the rugged southern coast of Italy to the westward of the Straits of Messina. K. 28. Prensantemque uncis manibus capita ardua montis; Virg. Æ. vi. 360. CAS. Hom. Od. E 426 sqq. K. Surdus is sometimes taken in a passive sense, unheard;' LU. as cacus is for ' unseen.' 30. The tutelary gods were placed at the stern these the pious merchant had by his exertions rescued from the wreck. T. cf. Virg. Æ. x. 171. Hor. I Od. xiv. 10. PR. Petr. 105. Virg. Æ. viii. 93. v. 60. Ov. Tr. I. x. 1. (H.) ib. 43 sq. K. His piety was rewarded by the preservation of his life, when all else perished. Mergis; Plin. x. 32 &c. PR. Hor. Ep. x. 21 sq. K. 31. Costa; Virg. Æ. ii. 16. PR. The wreck, probably, might be thrown up on the shore: its ribs would hold together, long after the planks had started. Nunc &c. Aware that the miser's excuse is a mere pretext for indulging his avaricious propensities, Persius sharply answers In that case, sell a little of your land.' G. LU. Land, with the ་ crop growing on it.' M. cf. Ov. M. iv. 300 sq. K. M. 32. Cf. Juv. xiv. 302, note. PR. Canam funeris. cf. Virg. E. vi. 222 34. Nec metuam quid de me judicet heres, quod non plura datis invenerit ; Hor. II Ep. ii. 191 sq. PR. I Ep. v. 13 sq. II Od. xiv. 25 sqq. K. K. Curtaveris refers to frange aliquid; 32. 35. Cf. Plin. xiii. 1-3. Juv. iv. 109, note. Dionys. H. ii. Prop. 11. x. 20 sqq. IV. vii. 32. Tib. III. ii. 17. I. iii. 7 sqq. (HY.) S. Hier. to Pamm. Calp. iv. 19. Ov. Tr. III. iii. 89. PR. K. Cinnama; Plin. xii. 19 s 42. PR. Id. xiii. s 2. Mart. IV. xiii. K. Surdum is here put for scentless.' LU. The metaphor is still more harsh in the following line: fervida quod subtile exsurdant vina palatum; Hor. II S. viii. 38. PR. 36. Or the casia be adulterated with cherry bark.' LU. cf. Plin. xii. 9. cerasi ante victoriam Mithridaticam L. Luculli, non fuere in Italia ad urbis annum DCLXXX; is primum vexit e Ponto: annisque cxx trans oceanum in Britanniam usque pervenere; Id. xv. 25. PR. This adulteration would be easily detected by any one who made use of his senses. K. SAT. VI. Urbi 451 "Tune bona incolumis minuas ?" Sed Bestius urget Hæc cinere ulterior metuas? At tu, meus heres Casia; ii. 64. Plin. H. N. xii. 19 s 43. PR. Virg. G. ii. 466. (VO.) SA, p. 919 sqq. Theoph. H. Pl. ix. 5. Mart. X. xcvii. XI. lv. Stat. S. II. i. 160. Claud. Phoen. 79 sqq. (BU.) Ov. M. xv. 397 sqq. K. Having made up his mind [ragioIvaμivos Arist. Pl. 77.] to wink at it and be utterly ignorant.' PR. The worse the spices, the less the cost. M. 37. This is the petulant remonstrance of the indignant heir: What? Do you dare to impair your property during your life-time, instead of hoarding it for your If you are heirs to spend?' CAS. or wasteful during your life, you shall smart for it now you are dead.' incolumis' with impunity.' K. DN. The poet has shown no great adroitness in allowing this third speaker(Bestius) to break in rudely upon the dialogue, when he might, with better effect, have put all that was about to be said into the mouth of his opponent. G. This illiterate fellow, (Hor. I Ep. xv. 37 sq.) however, ' commences an attack on the philosophers' as having caused all the mischief by inculcating the doctrine of liberality and other expensive habits. PR. The many corruptions introduced at Rome, after the conquest of Greece, brought the natives of that country into great odium with the sterner Romans. In the indiscriminate antipathy towards all that was Grecian, philosophy and letters were often involved. cf. Juv. vi. 16. 291 sqq. iii. 60 sqq. xv. 110 sqq. K. 38. Thus 'tis! since this emasculate wisdom of ours came to Rome with dates and spices, our very haymakers have become luxurious, and learnt to vitiate their bomely pottage with gross unguents.' G. cf. Lact. iii. 16. PR. Supere nostrum for sapientia nostra. 1.U. i. 9, note. PR. sapere is an ambigu ous word. K. 39. Cf. Juv. iii. 83. PR. Maris expers' void of manliness.' cf. i. 103. In Horace the phrase has a different meaning; 'manufactured at home;' II S. viii. 15. CAS. v. 4. M. 40. Cf. Juv. xi. 79 sq. PR. Crasso unguine: cf. Hor. A. P. 375. K. Pultes: Ath. xiv. 15 sq. (CAS.) PR. Juv. xi. 58, note. 41. Bestius is dismissed without ceremony: the poet deigns not to notice his impertinent interruption, but, after hastily concluding the speech which had been broken off, drops the subject and turns to a new speaker. G. K. Cinere ulterior beyond the grave.' M. 42. Seductior: cf. v. 96. PR. ii. 4. K. 43. By Caligula.' LU. This was when Persius was about seven years old; it might have made an impression upon his memory, because such exhibitions were then rare. G. Laurus for laureata epistola. LU. Plin. xv. 30. Liv. v. Amm. xv. Mart. VII. iv. sq. vii. A, i. 27. PR. KN, p. 223. DN. Ov. Am. I. xi. 25. Juv. iv. 149, note. G. and vi. 205, note. 44. Drusus ac Nero et Germanicus in suis eos (i. e. Germanos) sedibus perculerunt. post ingentes C. Cæsaris minæ in ludibrium versa. inde otium, donec occasione discordiæ nostræ et civilium armorum, expugnatis legionum hibernis, etiam Gallias affectavere, ac rursus pulsi inde, proximis temporibus triumphati magis quam victi sunt; Tac. G. 37. K. This mock expedition was altogether a most contemptible affair: cf. Suet. 43-49. PR. and the triumph, or rather ovation, was also a very poor thing, notwithstanding all the parade which this deplorable maniac made about it. G. |