140 Protenus ad censum, (de moribus ultima fiet tha Creditur atque Deos, Dis ignoscentibus ipsis. timuere patres, quo tempore Vesta arsit! 140. Quærenda pecunia primum est, 141. A person's fortune is estimated by the establishment he keeps.' LU. vii. 76. 93. ix. 67. 136. xii. 28. R. 142. Jugerum was as much land as could be ploughed in a day by one yoke of oxen. LU. Пagois a dish.' T. table he keeps.' PR. • What sort of 143. Quia tanti, quantum habeas, sis; Hor. I S. i. 62. in pretio pretium nunc est, dat census honores, census amicitias, pauper ubique jacet; Ov. F. i. 217 sq. LU. aurum atque ambitio specimen virtutis utrique est, tantum habeas, tantum ipse sies, tantique habearis; Lucil. VS." Men's honesties," says Barnaby Rich, "are now measured by the Subsidie Book; he that is rich is honest; and the more a man doth abounde in wealth, so much he doth exceed, and that as well in honestie as in wit;" Irish Hubbub, G. 144. The Thracian Samos at the north of the Ægean is now called Samandrachi. The Roman penates came originally from this island. Macrobius iii. 4. says, the Samothracian gods' (called Cabiri) were Jupiter, Juno, Vesta, and Minerva. LU. Virg. Æ. iii. 12. PR. see 145. "To swear by the altars,' i. e. laying your hands on the altars, and swearing by the deities to whom the altars were consecrated.' GR. Hor. II Ep. i. 16. M. xiv. 219. Tib. IV. xiii. 15. Sil. viii. 105. R. St Matthew xxiii. 18 sqq. To despise,' as if the poor were beneath the notice of the gods. BA. cf. Hor. II Od. x. 11 sq. Or as if the deities would forgive perjury, when it originated in necessity and not in wilfulness. VS. 146. The sentiment in these lines seems borrowed from a Greek comedy; πρόσεστιν ἄρα καὶ τῷ πίνητ ̓ ἀπιστία· κἂν σοφὸς ὑπάρχῃ, κἂν λέγῃ τὸ σύμφερον, δοκεῖ τι φράσειν τοῖς ἀκούουσιν κακῶς, τῶν γὰρ πενήτων πίστιν οὐκ ἔχει λόγος· ἀνὴς δὲ πλουτῶν, κἂν ἀγὼν ψευδηγορῇ δοκεῖ τι Ogúruv toïs àxovovo' ücQuλis Phil. fr. G. 147. See 86. "Men of all sorts take a pride to gird at him;" as Falstaff says; K. H. 1v. pt. ii. A. I. sc. ii. 148. Hic idem pauper. LU. cf. Theoph. Ch. xix. 3. Sen. Ep. 93. Suet. Aug. 73. R. Lacerna; i. 62. PR. "Exeat," inquit, Quam quod ridiculos homines facit. "Si pudor est, et de pulvino surgat equestri, 155 Cujus res legi non sufficit et sedeant hic"Lenonum pueri quocumque in fornice nati. Hic plaudat nitidi præconis filius inter Pinnirapi cultos juvenes juvenesque lanistæ. Sic libitum vano, qui nos distinxit, Othoni. страйно 160 Quis gener hic placuit censu minor atque puellæ a III Od. xxiv. 42 sq. LU. xi. 2 sq. v. 157 sq. οὐκ ἔστι πενίας οὐδὲν ἀθλιώτερον ἐν τῷ βίῳ σύμπτωμα καὶ γὰρ ἂν φύσει σπουδαῖος ἧς, πένης δὲ, κατάγελως ἔσῃ· Crat. in Stob. See the Comm. on St Matthew v. 3. R. 153. Quid turpius quam illudi? Cic. Am. PR. They used to sit promiscuously in the theatres, till L. Roscius Otho, the tribune, introduced a law, (A. U. 685.) by which the fourteen rows with cushions, next to the senators' seats, were reserved for knights exclusively. The elder Africanus had obtained the like privilege for the senators, about 130 years before. Both these regulations were extremely unpopular; and the distinction was growing obsolete, when Domitian revived it, and appointed overseers of the theatres to enforce it. Suet. Dom. 8. Lectius, one of these functionaries, was very officious; perhaps he may be the speaker here. (x. 291. R.) cf. Mart. V. viii. xxv. LU. PR. G. xxvii. [Her. i, 54 n. 84. ED.] 154. Any respect for the prince or the Roscian law.' PR. cf. xiv. 323 sqq. R. 155. Cf. i. 106. Et sedeant hic-the theatre-keeper's speech is taken up by Umbritius and continued with indignant irony. LU. 156. Men of the vilest origin or character take the equestrian seats, if they have but the requisite income, no matter how it may have been acquired.' Hor. Ep. iv. 15 sq. PR. M. Fornix a vaulted cellar, a low brothel;' xi. 171. Hor. I S. ii. 30. R. 157. Not only was applause given to the performers; but the emperors and men of popularity were received with Kai-down plaudits on their entrance. Hor. I Od. xx. 3 sq. LU. R. Plaudat implies spectet. PR. Nitidus and cultus sleek, spruce, smart,' the consequence of opulence. M. R. 158. The Samnite gladiator wore a crest of peacock's feathers, his adversary the retiarius endeavoured to throw his net over the plume. T. LI. Cum septem incolumis pinnis redit ac recipit se; Lucil. VS. cf. ii. 143. PR. Lanista was the fencing-master' who taught the gladiators laniare' to mangle' each other. PR. M. 159. Such was the whim and caprice.' 160. Of less fortune than the bride.' Themistocles showed more sense, saying that he preferred, for his daughter, a man without money to money without a man. Plut. LU. 161. To the dowry;' VS. rather le trousseau, ACH. the wardrobe or outfit of the bride.' Quis? nemo. LU. 160. 208. &c. [Livy xxiv, 26, 3. ED.] 162. Curia pauperibus clausa est, dat census honores; Ov. Am. III. viii. 55. Even the lowest magistrates would never think of consulting them.' T. The ediles were of two sorts, curule and plebeian. PR. cf. AD. Agmine facto; Virg. G. iv. 167. Æ. i, 86. M. cf. x. 218. R. 163. He alludes to the secession of the Plebeians to the Sacred Mount. Flor. i. 23. LU. Liv. ii. 32 sq. iii. 50 sqq. PR. Tenues poor.' PR. 164. Cf. vii. 61 sq. et genus et virtus, nisi cum re, vilior alga est; Hor. II S. v. 8. M. བའི་ 165 Res angusta domi; sed Romæ durior illis Conatus: magno hospitium miserabile, magno Servorum ventres, et frugi cœnula magno. Fictilibus coenare pudet, quod turpe negavit Translatus subito ad Marsos mensamque Sabellam 170 Contentusque illic veneto duroque culullo.** Pars magna Italiæ est, si verum admittimus, in qua pigra extulit arctis haud umquam sese virtus; 165. It is difficult any where; but &c.' PR. 166. Magno understand constat pretio. LU. 167. Servants appetites,' i. e. the keep of servants.' VS. xiii. 162 sqq. R. 168. Magnus ille est qui fictilibus sic utitur, quemadmodum argento; nec ille minor est, qui argento sic utitur, quemadmodum fictilibus; Sen. LU. Negabit; GR. FE. HO. negabis; VA. negarit; cf. xiv. 134. G. but no alteration is necessary, for the verb is put indefinitely, which no one would be ashamed of.' LU. See notes on arißn, Her. iii. 82. and igagnrav, Her. vii. 10. 169. Cf. xiv. 180. Frugality was not yet exploded in these parts of Italy. BE. At Rome every thing is extravagantly dear, and yet we dare not retrench for fear of being despised; in the country we should have none of these prejudices to encounter ; we might be poor without becoming the objects of scorn, and frugal without being thought ridiculous.' G. 170. Veneto of common blue ware.' culullo a bowl or great handled cup,' properly ' of earthen ware.' Schol. on Hor. I Od. xxxi. 11. A. P. 434. Vene tum lutum ; Mart. III. lxxiv. 4. cf. VIII. 172. The toga was the dress of cere- 173. It was many ages before the or at the conclusion of the serious play.' ་ 175. The farce' acted after the tra gedy, to dispel melancholy impressions. T. vi. 71. PR. The slaidia were performed at the beginning, and the Boxa interludes' in the middle of the drama. principio exitus dignus exodiumque sequetur; Lucil. VS. Liv. vii. 2. R. вих In gremio matris formidat rusticus infans; 180 Hic ultra vires habitus nitor: hic aliquid plus, Ille metit barbam, crinem hic deponit amati. ghastly colour' and had wide mouths' to allow free scope to the voice of the actor. FA. LU. στόμα κεχηνός πάμ μεγα ὡς καταπιόμενος τοὺς θεατάς Luc. . ix. 27. cf. Hor. A. P. 277. Plaut. Rud. II. vi. 51. R. 176. That women used to carry children to the theatre appears from the following passage; nutrices pueros infantes, minutulos domi ut procurent, nere spectatum afferant, ne et ipsa sitiant, et pueri peritent fame ; neve esurientes hic quasi hadi obvagiant; Plaut. Poen. pr. PR. 177. Illic in country towns.'" 178. The orchestra' was the space next the stage, where the senators were accommodated with chairs; vii. 47. The rustic theatre had no such orchestra; the word here denotes the place next the performers, where the most consequential country-gentlemen sat. FE. PR. G. 179. For the very highest personages, the ediles, it is distinction enough to wear a white tunic;' LU. FE. which would have been no distinction at Rome. Mart. IV. ii. PR. You pay dearly for every thing at Rome;' cf. 166 sq. LU. 184. What does it not cost you to bribe the domestics of Cossus to admit you to his morning levee?' LU. Difficiles aditus primos habet. "Haud mihi deero: muneribus servos corrumpam: non, hodie si exclusus fuero, desistam ;" &c. Hor. I S. ix. 56 sqq. PR. izò bugwen κακῶς συρίζοντι καὶ ὀνομακλήτορι Λιβυκῷ ταττόμενον καὶ μισθὸν τελοῦντα τῆς μνήμης τοῦ ὀνόματος Lucian π. τ. ἐπὶ μισθῷ OUVóvTWY. R. We may suppose Aurelius Cossus to have been a wealthy nobleman of the day. M. 185. Fabricius Veiento; iv. 113. vi. 82 sqq. T. Tac. xiv. 50. Plin. Ep. iv. 22. PR. Mart. X. x. 5. Suet. Ner. 37. Seneca de Br. Vit. 2. R. Clauso labello without once deigning to open his lips.' PR. Nero 186. The wealthier Romans, on ar- and Schol. on Pind. P. iv. 145. Plena domus libis venalibus. Accipe et istuda 190 Quis timet aut timuit gelida Præneste ruinam Vivendum est illic, ubi nulla incendia, nulli cut.' HK. ACH. cf. 116. The hardship, 187. The libum was a kind of gingerbread, made of flour, honey, and oil. PR. or, according to Athenaus, πλακοῦς ἐκ γάλακτος ἰτρίων Te nai μśderos iii. 66. R. These cakes' were sent in such quantities as to be sold.' PR. 188. Take this if you can digest it, and let the leaven work within your spleen.' VS. LU. M. cf. i. 45. Pers. i. 24. Plaut. Merc. V. iii. 3. Cas. II. v. 17. Aul. III. iv. 9. R. 186. Cultis i. e. amatis, 186. R. cf. 158. It may also mean respectfully courted' M. pampered menials.' Peculia the vails or perquisites.' M. That property of a servant or child, over which the master or parent had no power.' LU. Tibur, now Tivoli,' on the Anio; a town of Latium, built on a steep acclivity: hence called supinum; Hor. III Od. iv. 23. VS. PR. M. Arx denotes (1) a height,' (2) ‹ a citadel,' (3) a city' in general. R. 193. Tibicen a prop or shore.' LU. 195. The steward,' M. or the city surveyor;' cf. iv. 77. FE. or the landlord,' or the edile;' R. or the village mason.' ACH. After closing the crack in the walls with a little plaster.' VS. 196. Without apprehension;' though not tutos secured from danger;' tuta scelera esse possunt, secura non possunt ; Sen. ep. 97. Pendente impending.' FE. 197. Illic in the country.' cf. 190. 223 sq. R. 198. The repetition of the word jam three times, denotes the progress of the fire. Having saved his valuables in the first instance, he is now moving his lumber, without ever thinking of giving the alarm to his poor lodgers.' R. 190. Præneste, being here feminine, comes from the nominative Prænestis, GRE. a town of Latium, now Palestrina.' It was cool' from its waters, as well as from its situation on a hill: PR. frigidum Præneste; Hor. III Od. iv. 22. duced from Virgil's description of Troy R. altum; Virg. Æ. vii. 682. M. Ruinam; cf. 7 sq. 191. Now Bolsena,' a city of Tuscany. PR. 192. Gabii, a town of Latium between Rome and Præneste. R. Simple,' from being a dupe to the artifices of Sextus Tarquinius. Flor. i. 7. LU. Liv. i. 53 sq. PR. or unadorned' VS. cf. simplex munditiis; Hor. I Od. v. 5. 199. The name of Ucalegon is intro in flames: jam Deiphobi dedit ampla ruinam, Vulcuno superante, domus; jum proximus ardet Ucalegon; E. ii. 310 sqq. VS. The third floor which you occupy.' The rich used to let the upper rooms of their houses to poorer people: canacula; x. 18. scalis habito tribus, sed altis; Mart. I. cxviii. 7. LU. cf. vii. 118. Hor. I Ep. i.91. Plaut. Amph.III.i.3. Suet. Vit. 7. Ř. |