THE AMERICAN YARDSTICK BY ISAAC M. COX HE practical effect of an undiscrimi Tating use of American tables in con nection with nutrition work in Hawaii is that these tables will very greatly overstate the degree of undernourishment of children of Oriental ancestry, especially the Chinese. In the case of the Chinese the average divergence from American averages amounts to eight per cent. If, then, Dr. Emerson's rule be applied and all children rating as much as seven per cent below American averages are selected as requiring especial attention, it is obvious that such selection, besides including any that may be seriously undernourished, will also include all those who, if measured by standards appropriate to their racial structure, are entirely normal and average even some who stand a good one per cent above normal average. Since no Hawaiian measurements of school-children had been recorded previously to my tabulations, begun in 1916, and since measurements of Chinese and Japanese are not generally accessible, it will be of interest if you will publish the following table. The table is based on 4,336 weighings and measurings made at Kalihi-waena School, in Honolulu. The school enrollment has run between 600 and 1,000, the tabulations representing the ages of six to fourteen inclusive. Height is given in inches, weight is given in pounds read to nearest integer. For comparison with American standards I have followed the Bowditch tables used by the Children's Bureau of the United States Department of Labor. TABLE OF WEIGHTS DR. HARRY EMERSON FOSDICK accepts the challenge to the Church today, and Christianity and Progress By HARRY EMERSON FOSDICK, Author of "The Meaning of Prayer," etc. Cloth $1.50 A work that will start YOU thinking! LATEST RELIGIOUS THOUGHT Great Men as Prophets of a God Our Contemporary New Era By NEWELL DWIGHT HILLIS Author of Great Books as Life-Teachers What Shall I Believe? By AUGUSTUS H. STRONG, D.D., LL.D. The last message of a great teacher. A $1.00 The Undiscovered Country By GAIUS GLENN ATKINS, D.D. A firm grasp of the elemental truths of New Tasks for Old Churches By ROGER W. BABSON Suggestions for the solution of today's problems, clearcut and courageous. Babson has little sympathy with the arguments of self-interest or with the outworn methods of the church. AT ALL DOOICEELLERS REVELLS BOOKS NEW YORK, 158 Fifth Ave. $1.00 By JOHN HENRY JOWETT, D.D. Every preacher will want at once these latest full-length sermons which show that only in God as revealed to us in Jesus Christ can man find the resources to meet the needs of the human heart. The Master Key By FREDERICK C. SPURR A Study in World Problems $1.50 A fearless, clearly-reasoned restatement of Religion and the Future Life By E. HERSHEY SNEATH, Editor The Development of the Belief in Life after Death by Profs. Boaz, Jackson (Columbia), Hopkins, Nerves and Personal Power By D. MACDOUGALL KING, M.B. Author of "The Battle with Tuberculosis" Some Principles of Psychology as Applied to Conduct and Health dealing with the development of the intellect, the moral self, unhealthy mental habits, nervous debility, etc. With Introduction by Hon. W. L. Mackenzie King. $2.00 AT ALL BOOKSELLERS FLEMING H. REVELL COMPANY, Publishers CHICAGO, 17 N. Wabash Ave. ROOSEVELT'S RELIGION By CHRISTIAN F. REISNER Dr. Reisner says in the Foreword of this book: "Theodore Roosevelt stands out as the towering, unquestioned illustration of the size and kind of men pure religion builds. He was strongly human and yet devout, admittedly imperfect and yet sincerely seeking the truth, notably self-confident and yet avowedly a worshipful disciple of the humble Teacher of Galilee. He went away from earth carrying the diploma of a completed life course, and hence is a beckoning example to all who would think widely, contest successfully, serve steadily, live happily, and cross the river at the end triumphantly.” Illustrated. Price, net, $2.50, postpaid. NEW YORK PPPP An Architect, A Painter and A Sculptress Joined in Designing This Exquisite Lamp The lines, proportions and coloring of most of the lamps you see in these days of commercialism are the work of designing departments of large factories. They are the fruits of a deep knowledge of what makes a "popular seller." But some people, the Decorative Arts League committee felt sure, would like a lamp designed purely with an eye to good taste, a lamp of artistic proportions and harmonious tones, a lamp embodying grace, symmetry and beauty rather than the long experience of the "salesman-designer" of what seems most in demand in retail stores. Hence this exquisite little lamp you see pictured, "Aurora as it has been In the exclusive Fifth Avenue type of shops where lamps that are also works of art are shown, the equal of this fascinating little "Aurora," if found, would cost you from $15 to $20perhaps more. Yet the price of this lamp is but named by an artist, because of the purity of its Greek lines and tones. A Labor of Love For the delicate work of designing a lamp that should be a real work of art instead of a mere unit in a factory's production, and yet should be a practical and useful article of home-furnishing, the League enlisted the enthusiastic cooperation of a group of talented artists-one a famous architect skilled in the practical requirements of interior decorating, one a painter and genius in color-effects, and one a brilliant sculptress, a student of the great Rodin in Paris. They caught the spirit of the League's idea and the designing of a lamp that would raise the artistic standards of home-lighting became to them a true labor of love. Model after model was made, studied and abandoned, until at last a design emerged with which not one of the three could find a fault. Every Detail Perfect 46 AURORA" One style of ornamentation after another was tried out, only to yield in the end to the perfect simplicity of the classic Greek lines. Even such a small detail as the exact contour of the base was worked over and over again until it should blend in one continuous "stream " with the lines of the slender shaft. The graceful curves of the shaft itself, simple as they seem in the finished model, were the results of dozens of trials. The shape, the exact size, and the soft coloring of the shade were the product of many experiments. The result is a masterpiece of Greek simplicity and balance. Not a thing could be added or taken away without marring the general effect-not the sixty-fourth of an inch difference in any moulding or curve but would be harmful. And yet with all the attention to artistic effect the practical knowledge of an experienced interior decorator has kept "Aurora" in perfect harmony with the actual requirements of the home. It blends with any style of furnishing, it adapts itself to boudoir or foyer-hall, to library or living-room. And wherever you place it "Aurora" will add taste and refinement besides furnishing, with its tiltable shade, a thoroughly practical and mellow light wherever required. $3.50-Think of it! Only the Decorative Arts League could bring out such a lamp at such a price. And only as a means of widening its circle of usefulness could even the League make such an offer. But with each purchase of this beautiful little lamp goes a "Corresponding Membership" in the League. This costs you nothing and entails no obligations of any kind. It simply means that your name is registered on the League's books as one interested in things of real beauty and art for home decoration, so that as artists who work with the League create new ideas they can be offered to you direct without dependence on dealers. Send No Money No matter how many other lamps you have in your house, you will always find a place just suited for this dainty, charming little "Aurora" 16 inches high, shade 104 inches in diameter; base and cap cast in solid Medallium, shaft of seamless brass, choice of two color schemes-rich statuary bronze with brass-bound parchment shade of a neutral brown tone, or ivory white with golden yellow shade. Inside of shades is tinted old rose to give a mellow light. Shade holder permits adjustment to any angle; push-button socket, six feet of lamp cord and 2piece attachment plug. You will rarely, if ever, get such a value again. Send no money-simply sign and mail the coupon, then pay the postman $3.50 plus the amount of parcel-post stamps on the package. Shipping weight only 5 lbs., so postage even to the furthest point is insignificant. If you should not find the lamp all we say of it, or all you expected of it, send it back in five days and your money will be refunded in full. Clip the coupon now, and mail to Decorative Arts League, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. Decorative Arts League 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. You may send me, at the member's special price, an Aurora" Lamp, and I will pay the postman $3.50 plus the postage, when de livered. If not satisfactory I can return the lamp within five days of receipt and you are to refund my money in full. You may enter my name as a Corresponding Member" of the Decorative Arts League, it being distinctly understood that such membership is to cost me nothing, either now or later, and is to entail no obligation of any kind. It simply registers me as one interested in hearing of really artistic new things for home decoration. Check finish desired-Statuary Bronze Signed Address.... City... or Ivory White State...... (CJ) THE ALLIES ACT TOGETHER ence. NE hopeful and satisfactory result of the conference of the Powers at Mudania is that the representatives of Great Britain and France agreed harmoniously upon the demands to be made from the Turkish Nationalist army as precedent to the proposed peace conferIf only France and Great Britain and Italy had come together in the same way a year ago in their general policy as to the Near Eastern situation, the world might have been saved the spectacle of political jealousy, lack of concord, and consequent flouting of the wishes of the great nations, all of which has resulted in the recent serious crisis. Even before that crisis reached its climax it was evident that the victory of Kemal over Greece would be followed by large concessions to the Turkish Nationalist movement-concessions that will restore Turkish rule in Constantinople and will hand over to Turkish control a large part of Thrace and the important city of Adrianople. If Kemal had been so ill advised as to attack the British forces at Chanak before reinforcements reached them from Malta and powerful British warships lined up in the Straits ready to shell the Turkish troops if they should advance, it would have been impossible to avoid hostilities on a large scale. The Chanak position is now almost impregnable, but for a few days it was in danger. The conditions agreed upon by the representatives of the Powers at Mudania are to be submitted by Ismet Pasha, the Turkish delegate, to the Nationalist Government at Angora. If they are accepted, presumably the call will go forth for a peace conference without delay. A principal point inIvolved is that the Greeks shall withdraw their forces from Eastern Thrace, and that the territory shall be occupied by Allied forces for one month in order to give Greek and other Christian civilians opportunity to move out if they wish. This is not satisfactory to Greece; she has earnestly asked that the period of Allied occupation be set at two months, but it is understood that she will submit to the inevitable. Another condition is that the Turkish forces should withdraw from the neutral zone during the peace negotiations; during the Mudania conference it has been more than once reported that the Turks have made new OCTOBER 18, 1922 invasions in the neutral zone and that one or more of these have been in the neighborhood of Istib, which is the natural approach to Constantinople. If this is so, the Nationalists have absolutely no excuse, as that zone was recognized by them long ago, which was not the case with the portion of the zone to the west and near Chanak. During the two months, as proposed by the armistice conditions, a civil as well as a military administration will be set up in Thrace by the Allies, and it is hoped that thereby conflict between Turks and Greeks and consequent slaughter, burning, and reprisals by both parties will be avoided. In any event, the Turk returns to Europe and is in every way in a better situation than he has been since the end of the first Balkan War. Whether he can be expected under these circumstances to respect the rights of the racial minorities and to keep down religious fanaticism is at least doubtful. WHAT SHOULD AMERICA DO? R ECENT reports from the Near East give detailed accounts of the suffering and horrors of the occupation of Smyrna. The Turks assert that similar horrors and bloodshed accompanied the retreat of the Greeks from Anatolia, and it is probable that there is truth in this accusation also. There is urgent need for the practical sympathy of America in contributions for the sufferers. We may be proud of the assistance rendered immediately by Americans who were on the spot; for instance, one despatch states that the American naval ships "took out of Smyrna no less than 180,000 of the total 220,000 persons removed since the terrible fire which destroyed the city." Extensive efforts are being made in this country by the Near East Relief for the raising of funds, and many thousands of dollars have already been subscribed. The American Red Cross has announced its willingness to spend as much of its $20,000,000 surplus as is needed for relief in the Near East. Americans certainly may aid with heart and purse in this work of relief and restoration, regardless of their opinions as to international questions involved. It is said that over $100,000,000 has been spent by American educational, medical, and missionary associations in the Near East, and the extent of our moral responsibility is indicated by the eagerness of the American people to aid in the present juncture. In an illuminating article in the New York "Tribune" Dr. A. L. P. Dennis points this out, shows also that our trade and commercial interests in the Near East are extensive, and discusses thoroughly the duty and limitations of the United States in the present situation. He suggests that America might reasonably ask for a limited participation in any Near Eastern conference, in accordance with the precedent set at the Armament Conference at Washington, where national representatives sat only in those conferences in which their countries had a direct interest. Our right to a voice in determining action affecting American property and interests is indubitable. Dr. Dennis names the American interests involved as notably the capitulations, the freedom of the Straits, the protection of our philanthropy and of our trade, and the status of Christian minorities. We have no concern with settling political questions in Europe or the Near East in themselves; and we have not even the right which we had at Paris while helping to settle the terms of peace, for we were not at war with Turkey. We have, however, interests to protect, and we ought to see that they are protected. BETTER WAGES AND N discussing the demand of organized IN the demand of organized wage," a return to the workers of a share of their product sufficient to maintain themselves and families in moderate comfort and to accumulate modest savings for their old age, it is commonly taken for granted by the employing interests that any and all wage increases must be added to the price of goods or cost of services. This view was recently expressed by a representative of the great railway systems, who declared that the adoption of the "living wage" for railway workers would add more than $1,000,000,000 to the annual payments for freight and passenger traffic, with a consequent increase in the price of goods, which would tend to de crease consumption. If this analysis of the effect of higher wages could be established, it would prove that labor has nothing to gain from a general wage advance, since higher prices for labor products would leave the worker, as a consumer, in just the same condition as when the lower wage prevailed. The ignored factor in the problem of a wise readjustment of wage scales is that of the greater industrial efficiency in production that has everywhere been shown to accompany increased wages and a higher standard of living. With better pay there comes immediately an effective demand for more and better goods of all kinds. Articles formerly regarded as luxuries, seldom or never purchased, are looked upon as necessities. So far as the average worker is concerned, the only limit to consumption is income, less a small margin for the savings bank or life insurance. By far the greater part of increased wages is promptly exchanged for consumable goods. This in itself would not compensate employers for the higher wage scale, but with increased consumption giving a ready market for commodities it becomes possible materially to reduce the fixed charges for capital invested and overhead expenses. In many lines of industry there are long periods of half-time, or decreased activity, because of overproduction. It is manifest that with increased purchasing power for many millions of workers receiving the "living wage," mills and factories running full time would be able to effect a substantial saving in costs that would be reflected in prices. There is also the experience of many great industries to prove that higher wages stimulate production by making contented, workers more interested in their daily task. A cheerful willingness to give the employer a fair return for a fair wage means a greater output and a lessened manufacturing cost. Once established on the sound basis of equitable wages, it would seem that industry has little reason to fear diminished sales on account of higher prices. GROUP POLITICS IN ONTARIO T HE people of Ontario, one of the largest and most prosperous. provinces of the Canadian Dominion, are confronted with a problem that vexes practically all democratic countrieswhether public affairs shall be managed by legislators nominated and elected by organized parties or by groups representing agricultural, labor, or business interests. From the earliest period of parliamentary government in Ontario until a few years ago the party system had prevailed. A general discontent with what was claimed to be the neglect by both old parties of the farmer's interests resulted in the formation of a distinctive Farm Group, that succeeded in overthrowing the Conservative Gov (C) Underwood MRS. W. H. FELTON, OF GEORGIA, THE FIRST WOMAN U. S. SENATOR ernment, and under the efficient leadership of Premier Drury has administered provincial affairs. There have been complaints that the new Government did not immediately reform everything and everybody, but the Ontario people, almost entirely of Anglo-Celtic stock, are not given to radicalism, believing in institutions under which "freedom slowly broadens down from precedent to precedent." In some quarters there has recently arisen a sentiment favorable to the widening of the Farm Group policies so as to make the Government representative not only of agriculture but of the manufacturing, commercial, and labor interests as well. To a small extent labor is represented in the provincial Parliament, though not at all proportionaté to the city-worker population. The suggestion is made for the .formation of a Progressive party that shall unite the liberals of various schools, in which it is expected the farmers will be the dominant factor. Some of the leaders of the Farm Group in the Dominion Parliament do not regard favorably the proposal to merge with other interests, as they fear that they would be outvoted by their new associates, but it is not believed that they will be able materially to influence the action of their supporters in Ontario. Premier Drury recognizes the necessity for a government truly representative of all the people, and, while adhering to his conviction that the welfare of the farmers should be the paramount consideration, does not ignore the other important interests of his province. The tendency to abandon party or 4 ganizations based on broad general principles, as evidenced by the "Farm Bloc" in the United States Congress, and the growing power of the Labor Party in Great Britain, will have an important effect on future political developments. As a protest against the ultra-conservatism of the old parties the movement may have some value, but as a permanent policy it would seem destined to failure. The business of government cannot long pe efficiently conducted by class groups, each working for its own selfish ends, instead of for the general welfare. THE FIRST WOMAN SENATOR THE HE appointment by Governor Hardwick, of Georgia, of Mrs. W. H. Felton to succeed the late Thomas E. Watson as United States Senator has been praised as a fine tribute to a woman of undoubtedly exceptional ability and character. It has also been praised as a recognition of the present and coming power of women in the National political life. Is there not a third reason for the Governor's actionthat his beloved State should have the honor and the réclame of being the very first to name a woman as United States Senator? The love of large publicity is not confined to boom towns. Mrs. Felton seemed to recognize this when, in expressing her recognition of the honor, she said: "England borrowed an American-born woman to accept a seat in the British Parliament, but noble old Georgia experienced no need to borrow, and she alone of the forty-eight States in the United States had a Governor with courage to say so." Probably every one understands that Senator Watson's unexpired term will be filled out by the man elected for that office on November 7. Mrs. Felton, whose abilities even at the age of eightyseven are unquestioned, now holds the office titularly, but in all human probability will not be sworn in or take part in the Senate's deliberations. The compliment to her is a great one; but it is a compliment. Frankly, and with the highest respect for Senator Felton, there seems to be here a little of what baseball rooters call a grand-stand play on the part of the Governor, who, by the way, simultaneously announced himself as a candidate for the same office at the coming election. Mrs. Longstreet, widow of the famous general, in an article on Mrs. Felton's appointment suggested that if President Harding would just call the Senate together for one week before election Mrs. Felton could be sworn in, and that thus the President had "a rare opportunity to |