language of his own, nor persuaded by human reasoning, but having his mind enlightened from the Father, says to Him, "Thou art the Christ,' nor simply that, but the Son of the living God.' And a blessing follows the speech...' Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona.'"-Catech. xi. 3, p. 149, 150.

"And Tabitha also, who was in His name raised from the dead, bears witness to the resurrection of Jesus; for how shall we disbelieve that Christ is risen, when even His name has raised the dead ?... Peter also bears witness, who had erst denied Him thrice, and then, having thrice confessed Him, was commanded to feed His spiritual sheep...n. 26. And when thou hast thus wrestled against the Jews, and after thou hast worsted them by like instances, then come further to the preeminence of the Saviour; for they were servants, but He is the Son of God. And thus shalt thou be reminded of His preeminence, reflecting that a servant of Christ was 'rapt to the third heaven.' (2 Cor. xii. 2). For if Elias attained as far as the first heaven, but Paul as far as the third, he has doubtless obtained a more honourable dignity. Be not ashamed of thy apostles. They are not inferior to Moses, nor second to the prophets; but they are noble with the noble, yea than the noble more noble. For Elias truly was taken up into heaven, but Peter has the keys of the kingdom of heaven,' having heard, 'whatsoever thou shalt loose upon earth shall be loosed in heaven."-Catech. xiv. 23, 26, p. 217, 218.

"In the power of the same Holy Spirit, Peter also the prince of the apostles, and the key-bearer of the kingdom of heaven, healed Æneas the paralytic, in the name of Christ at Lydda."-Catech xvii. 27, p. 277.

ST. OPTATUS OF MILEVIS. L. C. 368, n. 10."You, Parminian, have said that with heretics the

prerogatives (dotes, gifts, marks) of the Church cannot be; and you have said rightly. For we know that the churches of every one of the heretics are prostituted; with no lawful sacraments; and without the rights of an honourable marriage; which Christ repudiates as not necessary, Who is the spouse of one Church, as in the Canticle of Canticles Himself testifies. Who when He praises one, condemns the others; because besides the one which is the true Catholic, others are thought to be amongst heretics, but they are not; according as He points out, as we have said above, in the Canticle of Canticles, that one is His dove, the same a spouse elect, the same a garden enclosed, and a fountain sealed up, (Cant. iv. 12); as all heretics neither have the keys which Peter alone received, nor the ring with which the fountain is said to be sealed up...But I see that you are still ignorant that a schism was made by your leaders at Carthage. Seek into the origin of these things, and you will find that you have pronounced this sentence against yourselves, when you united heretics with schismatics. For Cæcilianus did not go out from Majorinus, your ancestor, but Majorinus from Cæcilianus; nor did Cæcilianus withdraw from the chair of Peter, or of Cyprian, but Majorinus whose chair you sit in, which before Majorinus himself had no original...n. 15. The question is as to the division. In Africa too, as also in the other provinces, there was one Church, before it was divided by the ordainers of Majorinus, in whose chair you sit as heir. It has to be seen, who remained in the root with the whole world; who went without; who sat in another chair, which had not been before."-De Schism. Donat. i. 10, 15, p. 464-5. Galland v.

"We have therefore proved that to be the Catholic Church, which is spread in the whole universe. Now her adornments are to be commemorated; and

it must be seen where are the five prerogatives (dotes), which you have said are six; and amongst which the chair (cathedra) is the first, where, unless a bishop sit, the second prerogative, which is the angel, cannot be added. It is to be seen, who first sat in the chair, and where. If thou dost not know, learn; if thou knowest, blush; to thee ignorance cannot be ascribed; it remains, then, that thou knowest. To err with knowledge is a sin; for it is a custom at times to pardon the ignorant. Thou canst not deny, therefore, that thou knowest that, in the city of Rome, on Peter first was an episcopal chair conferred, in which sat the head of all the apostles, Peter; whence also he was called Cephas; in which one chair, unity might be preserved by all; nor the other apostles assert for himself each his individual (chair); that he might be at once a schismatic and a sinner, who against that one (singularem) chair should place another.

“Therefore, in that one (unicam) chair, which is the first of the prerogatives, Peter sat first; to whom succeeded Linus; to Linus, Clement; to Clement, Anacletus; (he gives the whole succession;) to Liberius, Damasus, who is at this day our colleague (socius), with whom the whole world is concordant with us, in one fellowship of communion, by the intercourse of letters of peace (formatarum). Do you, who wish to claim for yourselves the holy Church, produce the origin of your chair."

N. 4. "But you say, that you also have a certain part in the city of Rome; it is a branch of your error, shooting forth from falsehood, not from the root of truth. In fact, if it were said to Macrobius, where does he sit there, can he say, in the chair of Peter? which I do not know if he even knows by sight; and to whose memorial, like a schismatic, he approaches not; acting contrary to the apostle, who says, communicating with the memories of the

...

saints.' (Rom. xii. 13.) Lo, there are the memorials of two apostles. Say, if he has obtained ingress to them; or offered there where it is certain are the memorials of the saints. It remains, therefore, that your colleague, Macrobius, acknowledge that he sits there, where once sat Encolpius; and if Encolpius himself could be questioned, he would say that he sat there where Bonifacius Ballitinus sat before him. Wherefore, as Claudianus is seen to have succeeded to Lucianus, Lucianus to Macrobius, Macrobius to Encolpius, Encolpius to Boniface, Boniface to Victor; if Victor were asked where he sat, he could neither show that any one was there before, nor point to any chair, but the chair of pestilence.' (Ps. i. 1.) For pestilence sends its victims, killed by diseases, to hell; and hell is known to have its gates, against which gates we read that Peter, our prince (original), that is, received the saving keys; to whom it was said by Christ, 'To thee I will give the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and the gates of hell shall not overcome them.' "-Ib. ii. 2, 3, 4, p. 471.

"We see that Christ IIimself preferred this unity to His vengeance; who wished all His disciples to be in one, rather than to punish that by which He had been offended. In that He would not that He should be denied, He warned that He would deny before the Father whoso should deny Him;' and whereas this is written, yet, for the good of unity, blessed Peter, to whom, after what he had denied, it had been enough, if he had obtained pardon only; both merited to be preferred before all the apostles, and received of the kingdom of heaven the keys' to be communicated to the others. For the good of unity, that sins are to be buried, is to be understood from this, that the most blessed Paul the apostle says, 'Bear ye,' says he, 'one another's burdens,' (Gal. vi. 2); and in another place he says, 'Charity

is patient, is kind; charity envieth not; is not puffed up; seeketh not her own.' (1 Cor. xiii. 4, 5.) For all these had he seen in the other apostles, who, for the good of unity, would not, through charity, withdraw from the communion of Peter, of him, that is, who had denied Christ. Now, if the love of innocence were greater than the utility of peace and unity, they would have said that they ought not to communicate with Peter; withdraw from the communion of Peter, who had denied the Master, and Lord, the Son of God....The head of the apostles might so have governed himself, as not to incur anything which he could have to grieve for; but therefore are his many offences seen under one head, that it might be shown that, for the good of unity, everything ought to be endured for God....There stand so many innocent, and a sinner receives the keys, that there might be a pattern in the matter of unity. It was provided that a sinner should open to the innocent, lest the innocent might shut the door against the sinful; and that unity, which is necessary, be not."-Ib. vii. 3, p. 501-2.

LUCIFER OF CAGLIARI, L. C. 368.-"The Lord says to blessed Peter, Feed My lambs;' and again, Feed My sheep.' And thou, coming as a wolf, willest those to play the part of hirelings, who are found to have been the successors to blessed Peter; those whom He had promised long ago by Jeremias to this people, saying, 'And I will give you pastors according to My own heart, and they shall feed you."-De non parcend. n. 15, p. 228, Galland. vi.

ST. DAMASUS POPE, L. C. 370.-"Most honoured children, in that your charity bestows on an apostolic chair the reverence due, you confer the greatest on yourselves. For although, especially in this holy