50 61 53 levis crepante lympha desilit pede. 48. The music of this verse has been noted by commentators ever since Porphyrio's day. Cf. C. 3, 13, 15 f. unde loquaces lymphae desiliunt tuae. In this verse the p-sound is added to that of the liquid. This new home will also have an abundant supply of water, which is far more important in such countries as Italy, especially in the siticulosa Apulia, or in our California, where there is a long dry. season, than in the middle and eastern part of the United States. - pede: carrying the figure in desilit to its extreme. Anticipated by Lucretius 5, 272 qua via secta semel liquido pede detulit undas. 49 ff. The cattle need no herdsman to bring them home, no protection against wild beasts. A little later Vergil used the same description to picture the golden age that was approaching, E. 4, 21 f. ipsae lacte domum referent distenta capellae | ubera. In Vergil's verse ipsae is equivalent to Horace's iniussae, and distenta replaces the simple tenta. 51. vespertinus: in effect an adverb. Cf. Verg. G. 3, 537 f. non lupus insidias explorat ovilia circum nec gregibus nocturnus obambulat. — circum gemit: Intr. 33. 52. intumescit: the action of the angry snake is transferred to the ground. Cf. Intr. 99. —alta : proleptic with intumescit, swells and rises with. 61 f. These verses stand in all the Mss. after v. 60, but are obviously out of place; by transferring them to this position the continuity of thought is maintained. - nulla. . . nullius: Intr. 28 c. astri: especially such as Sirius: cf. C. 3, 29, 17 ff. aestuosa . . . impotentia: the dog-star's furious heat, which brings disease on the flocks and herds. With this meaning of impotentia, cf. impotens C. 1, 37, 10; 3, 30, 3. 6 53-56. They shall be oppressed neither by too abundant rains as in the Italian winter, nor by too great drought as in the Italian summer.'-ut: how. -radat: cf. pinguia nec siccis urantur semina glaebis, utrumque rege temperante caelitum. Non huc Argoo contendit remige pinus, neque impudica Colchis intulit pedem; non huc Sidonii torserunt cornua nautae, laboriosa nec cohors Ulixei : Iuppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti, ut inquinavit aere tempus aureum; aere, dehinc ferro duravit saecula, quorum piis secunda vate me datur fuga. Lucret. 5, 256 ripas radentia flumina rodunt. siccis: proleptic. 6 57-60. That land is yet uncontaminated by man; no adventurers or traders have ever reached its shores.' Argoo remige: collectively, an instrumental abl. With the use of the adjective, cf. Etrusca v. 4 above and n. to 10, 12. -pinus: i.e. the ship made from the pines of Pelion. Cf. Eurip. Med. 3 f. und ev νάπαισι Πηλίου πεσεῖν ποτε | τμη θεῖσα πεύκη. 'Would that the pine had ne'er fallen under the ax in the vale of Pelion.' And Catull. 64, 1 f. Peliaco quondam prognatae vertice pinus dicuntur liquidas Neptuni nasse per undas. -impudica Colchis: Medea, queen of sorceresses, who helped Jason win the golden fleece, and then fled with him in the Argo, murdering her brother Apsyrtus to delay her father's pursuit. 59 f. Sidonii: the great traders - torserunt cornua : of antiquity. swung their yards, i.e. directed their ships. laboriosa: the epithet proper to Ulysses - Homeric πολύτλας, πολυτλήμων — is transferred to his companions. Cf. 17, 16. Intr. 99. 63 f. secrevit: set apart for an upright people (piae genti), i.e. the melior pars, comprising Horace and his friends. ut: temporal. -inquinavit: alloyed. 65. aere in the same construction as ferro. For the anaphora, cf. arva, arva v. 42. Intr. 28 c. The present age is the age of iron. quorum: from which, objective gen. with fuga. -vate me: according to my prophecy; vates, 'inspired bard,' was the earliest word for poet among the Romans, but had been displaced by poeta until the poets of the Augustan Age restored it to its former dignity. Cf. Verg. A. 6, 662 quique pii vates et Phoebo digna locuti. Cf. C. I, 1, 35. 17 A mock palinode addressed to Canidia; in pretended terror at the sorceress' power Horace pleads for mercy. Yet in his very prayer (1– 52), as also in Canidia's reply (53–81), he makes his sharpest attack by rehearsing again all the charges he has ever made against her. Cf. Epod. 5 and S. 1, 8. With the palinodic form, cf. C. 1, 16. The date of composition naturally falls after these other two poems; it cannot be more accurately fixed. Metre, 58. 5 Iam iam efficaci do manus scientiae, Canidia, parce vocibus tandem sacris 1. iam iam: cf. 2, 68, where the meaning, however, differs, owing to the tense of the verb. So Catullus says 63, 73 iam iam dolet quod egi. Intr. 28 c.-efficaci... scientiae for it has accomplished its end, and Horace is forced to recognize its power. — do manus : yield like a captive who extends his hands for fetters. a few of them that practiced curious arts brought their books together, and burned them in the sight of all.' -valentium . . . devocare: cf. v. 78 and n. to 5, 45. -refixa: proleptic — unfix and, as if the stars were fastened to the vault of heaven. Cf. Verg. A. 5, 527 f. caelo ceu saepe refixa | transcurrunt crinemque volantia sidera ducunt. ΙΟ Movit nepotem Telephus Nereium, in quem superbus ordinarat agmina Mysorum et in quem tela acuta torserat. Unxere matres Iliae addictum feris alitibus atque canibus homicidam Hectorem, postquam relictis moenibus rex procidit heu pervicacis ad pedes Achillei. board which, when whirled at the end of a string, made a whirring noise, and was supposed to exercise a charm over the intended victim. To loose the spell it was whirled in the opposite direction (retro). It is still in use among some uncivilized peoples. See Andrew Lang, Custom and Myth, Cf. Theoc. Id. 2, 30 f. p. 29 ff. χὡς δινεῖθ ̓ ὅδε ῥόμβος ὁ χάλκεος, 8 ἐξ ̓Αφροδίτας | ὡς κεῖνος δινοῖτο ποθ ̓ ἡμετέρῃσι θύρησι. And as whirls this brazen wheel, so restless, under Aphrodite's spell, may he turn and turn about my doors, (Lang). Lucian, Dial. Meretr. 4, 5 describes its use. 8-18. Three mythical examples of the effect of supplication. Telephus, King of the Mysians, was wounded by Achilles when the Greeks landed at Troy. His wound would not heal, and he was finally forced to come as a suppliant to his enemy, in accordance with an oracle which said he could be cured only by the rust of the spear that had struck him. Aged Priam's prayers made Achilles relent and give back Hector's body. Circe allowed Odysseus' companions to regain their human form.-nepotem . . Nereium: Achilles' mother Thetis was the daughter of Nereus. II. unxere: i.e. prepared for burial Hector's body. —addictum : i.e. destined to be the food of, etc., as a consolation to Patroclus' shade. Cf. Il. 23, 179 ff. xaupé Mer ὦ Πάτροκλε, καὶ εἶν ̓Αΐδαο δόμοισι· πάντα γὰρ ἤδη τοι τελέω, τὰ πάροιθεν ὑπέστην. | δώδεκα μὲν Τρώων μεγαθύμων υἱέας ἐσθλοὺς | τοὺς ἅμα σοὶ πάντας πῦρ ἐσθίει· Εκτορα δ ̓ οὔ τι | δώσω Πριαμίδην πυρὶ δαπτέμεν, ἀλλὰ κύνεσσιν. 12. homicidam : reproducing the Homeric Εκτωρ ἀνδροφόνος. 13 f. rex: Priam. For the Romans the pathos of the situation lay not in Priam's loss of his son, but in the fact that this mighty king was forced to humiliate himself and weep for his son before Achilles. Cf. II. 24, 509 f. 8 μèv Εκτορος ἀνδροφόνοιο | κλαῖ ̓ ἁδινά προπάροιθε ποδῶν ̓Αχιλῆος ἐλυ oes. It is said this passage moved Macaulay to tears. pervicacis : obstinate, but yielding in the end. 20 25 laboriosi remiges Ulixei volente Circa membra; tunc mens et sonus urget diem nox et dies noctem, neque est 15 f. The example of Circe is well chosen. The poet prays that Canidia like the early sorceress will reverse her spell. saetosa : i.e. with swinish bristles. - duris pellibus: abl. with exuere. - laboriosi: Homeric πολύτλας, πολυτλήμov; best taken with Ulixei. Still, cf. 16, 60. 17 f. mens: Horace supposes that Circe's victims lost their minds as well as shapes, but in the Homeric account their fate is made the more pathetic because their wits remain. sonus : voice. honor in contrast to the ugly swinish faces they had just put off. : 20. amata, etc.: in this ironical compliment Horace gives Canidia the best thrust. nautis . . . et institoribus: the lowest classes; cf. n. to 3, 6, 30. 21-36. With mocking extravagance Horace describes his sufferings. fugit, reliquit, etc.: note the animated asyndeton. - iuven 22. Horace is reduced to skin and bones. He may have derived his description from Theoc. 2, 88 f. καί μευ | χρὼς μὲν ὁμοῖος ἐγίνετο πολλάκι θάψῳ, | ἔρρευν δ ̓ ἐκ κεφαλᾶς πᾶσαι τρίχες· αὐτὰ δὲ λοιπὰ | ἔστι ἔτ ̓ ἧς καὶ δέρμα. “And oftentimes my skin waxed wan as the color of boxwood, and all my hair was falling from my head, and what was left of me was but skin and bones' (Lang). Cf. also Sil. Ital. 2, 466 ff. iam lurida sola tecta cute et venis male iuncta trementibus ossa | extant, consumptis visu deformia membris. |