"Then she ran away and left him," continued Bear, "and made her way here, to find the friends of her parents, who were formerly kind to her-putting on boy's clothing the better to evade pursuit, and to travel unmolested." "Mein Gott!" exclaimed the Professor, "that such a thing could be in these days!" (To be continued.) Answers to Correspondents. [Persons sending photographs for remarks on their character under this heading must observe the following conditions :-Each photograph must be accompanied by a stamped and directed envelope, for the return of the photographs; the photograph, or photographs (for, where possible, two should be sent, one giving a front, the other a side view), must be good and recent; and, lastly, each application must be accompanied by a remittance (in stamps) of Is. 9d., for three months' subscription to the MAGAZINE.-ED. P. M.] W. J. R. (Horsham).-You appear to have a very fairly-balanced character. There is not special defect in your intellect; all the organs are fairly represented, and you are about equally well adapted for scholarship or practical affairs. You have considerable strength of mind in the direction of constructiveness, ingenuity, taste, fancy, and imitative power, giving you more than ordinary gift for some form of art or mechanics. Your musical powers likewise are good, and if you studied music thoroughly you might compose. You have strong social and moral feelings. Benevolence and Conscience appear to be specially marked in their influence. You also have some energy, but more firmness. Guard against being too stubborn and self-willed. G. H. J. D. (Nottingham).—The following are your chief characteristics: You have a well-developed brain, with most of the organs fully represented. You are of a strongly social type, much attached to home and friends, and capable of very strong affections, both as husband and father. Morally, you are better balanced than usual, and should be known for your kindness, reverence, and integrity. You may be easily influenced when principle is not at stake, but when it is you are firm and tenacious. You are not very proud, but quite independent; are anxious to excel and gain praise, and are naturally rather polite; sharp in your temper, and quick to resent interference, but not hard, cruel, or malicious; very cautious and circumspect in action, but not always so prudent in speech. Intellectually you are qualified for scholarship or for general business. Your memory is fairly good, except it be of words; your power to apply ideas is good, and you have ability either for a trade (one especially requiring constructive power, order, taste, and a quick eye for proportions, &c.), or for commercial business, as a bookkeeper, accountant, salesman, &c. You have great power of imitation, and can easily adapt yourself to others, and to the society you are in. It would be well if you had a little more general resolution. THE Phrenological Magazine. JUNE, 1883. THE FACE AS INDICATIVE OF CHARACTER. THE FOREHEAD. We now come to the forehead, which, as Sir Charles Bell has expressed it, is, more than any other part, characteristic of the human countenance. It is the seat of thought, a tablet where every emotion is distinctly impressed." It is now generally agreed, even among physiologists, that the frontal lobes of the brain are concerned with the manifestation of intellect, and that "with the development of the anterior part of the brain there is a corresponding development of the higher intellectual powers."* The larger the forehead, therefore, cæteris paribus, the greater the intelligence. But in judging of the forehead and the capacity it indicates, a good many things have to be taken into account. In the first place it will not do to judge merely by the amount of uncovered space presented by the forehead. The best way to judge of a person's forehead is to draw an imaginary line from the opening of the ear to the arch of the eyebrow; and another from the same starting point perpendicularly to the top of the head: the amount of brain will be somewhat in proportion to the amount of head exhibited by the two lines. What is meant will be best understood by taking the diagram (Fig. 101) and drawing upon it lines as above indicated, and noting the difference in the amount of forehead space accorded to Alexander VI., Zeno, Oberlin, and Philip II. respectively. The student can also compare it with the amount of head behind the upright line, and its position. Alexander was a low sensualist; Philip was a superstitious tyrant ; Oberlin was a man of the greatest piety and benevolence; while Zeno was a man of the highest intelligence and the founder of a system of philosophy. Having decided upon the amount of forehead, and conse* Ferrier : "The Functions of the Brain." VOL. IV. R quently of brain, the next thing is to ascertain where it is. Considered in regard to mere outline no two foreheads are exactly alike. One is broad and massive; another is narrow 1 FIG. 101.-DIFFERENT SHAPES OF HEADS. 1-Alexander VI. 2-Zeno, the Stoic. 3-Oberlin. 4-Philip II. of Spain. and towering. One falls in below and bulges out above, while another projects below and retreats above. Then some are undulating, others quite round. None of them are without their meaning, as we shall see. When the lower portion of the forehead predominates, the perceptive powers have the ascendant, and curiosity, love of natural science, and observation, are the result. The accompanying portrait of Sir William Herschel, the astronomer, (Fig. 102), shows the perceptive powers unusually large. Compare it with that of Socrates (Fig. 103) and see the difference. In the latter the upper part predominates (although there is no lack of perception), and indicates that for which Socrates was characterised -thought, reason, understanding. Not that Herschel was wanting in these, but that his strong point was his observation Fig. 102. and power to accumulate facts. One with a head like Fig. 103, is more noted for philosophy than for science; more for the abstract and metaphysical than for the definite and practical We have now got two broad general distinctions, namely, that the forehead that projects in the lower part is large in Perception; while the forehead that projects above, like that of Zeno outlined in Fig. 101, is large in Reflection. It sometimes happens that both the perceptive and the reflective powers are large, although such a conjunction is not common. The perceptives are rather large in Socrates (Fig. 103), but the reflective faculties are so unusually large that they make the perceptives appear comparatively small. Fig. 103. But it is not enough to divide the faculties of the intellect into Perception and Reflection; each division being made up of different powers. Let us take the perceptives first. If we draw a horizontal line even with the arch of the eyebrows, we cut off the perceptive powers, or "organs," as the phrenologist calls them. They are, begining from the root of the nose and going outward to the outer angle of the eye, Individuality, Form, Size, Weight, Colour, Order, and Calculation. The first named causes a prominence of the lower middle portion of the forehead, immediately above the apex of the nose. It is seen very large in the accompanying portrait of Michael Angelo (Fig. 104). The other chief faculties are ranged/ in the order given, round the arch of the eyebrow, beginning at the Fig. 104. inner angle, at the side of, and a little below, Individuality, with Form, and ending with Calculation at the opposite corner. Lavater says: "Eyebones with defined, marking, easily delineated, firm arches, I never saw but in noble, and in great men." Perhaps if he had said "in able men," he would have been nearer the mark. But there is nevertheless a great truth in what he says. In men noted for their clear, vigorous intellect, practical and systematic in their powers, there is almost invariably to be seen a good arch to the eyebrow, as in the annexed portrait of William Makepeace Thackeray Fig. 106. (Fig. 105). When any of the faculties are weak or wanting this arch is imperfect. Form, when large, causes a breadth It and Form, and causes a fulness of the eyebrow just above the inner corner of the eye. It is best seen in Fig. 106. Language, |