were in the habit of smoking, though the abuse of tobacco varied in each case. The effects, of course, also varied, but were very emphatic with twenty-seven out of the thirty-seven boys. With twenty-two patients there was a distinct disturbance of the circulation, bruit at the carotids, palpitation of the heart, deficiencies of digestion, sluggishness of the intellect, and a craving, more or less pronounced, for alcoholic stimulants. In thirteen instances, there was an intermittent pulse. Analysis of the blood showed in eight cases a notable falling off in the normal number of red corpuscles. Twelve boys suffered frequently from bleeding of the nose, and a few complained of agitated sleep and constant nightmare. Four boys had ulcerated mouths, and one of the children became the victim of pulmonary phthisis, a fact which Dr. G. Decaisne attributed to the great deterioration of the blood produced by prolonged and excessive use of tobacco. As these children were all more or less lymphatic, it was not possible to establish a comparison according to temperament, but of course the younger the child the more marked were the symptoms, and the better fed children were those who suffered least. Eight of the children in question were aged from nine to twelve years. Eleven had smoked for six months, eight for one year, and sixteen for more than two years. Out of the eleven boys who were induced to cease smoking, six were completely restored to normal health after six months, while the others continued to suffer slightly for a year. Treatment with iron and quinine gave no satisfactory result, and it seems tolerably evident that the most effective, if not the only cure is to at once forswear the habit which, to children in any case, is undoubtedly pernicious.

Answers to Correspondents.

[Persons sending photographs for remarks on their character under this heading must observe the following conditions :-Each photograph must be accompanied by a stamped and directed envelope, for the return of the photographs; the photograph, or photographs (for, where possible, two should be sent, one giving a front, the other a side view), must be good and recent; and, lastly, each application must be accompanied by a remittance (in stamps) of Is. 9d., for three months' subscription to the MAGAZINE.-ED. P. M.]

H. S. (Yarmouth).—The leading characteristic of your organization is that you are adapted to both mental and physical action. You are nimble on the feet, and capable of being very graceful. You have command of thought and action; are free and open-hearted, amiable, rather unselfish, and quite candid; are capable of strong will power, have a high degree of self-respect, and are susceptible of a high degree of intellectual and moral culture; are ardent and earnest, almost too susceptible, fond of oratory and music, and capable of being very entertaining. You have a good pliable intellect, are

quick of observation, governed much by what you see and experience, and have more of a practical surface mind than a deep original

one.

E. J. P. (Yarmouth).-Very positive both in action and opinion; governed by what he sees and knows ; talks about his own experience, and is usually the hero of his own story. He easily learns to do things requiring observation, and could succeed in any line of life requiring experience, and would learn more from experience than from the book. Could make a scientific man. The reasoning powers are in unison with the perceptives, though he is not an abstract thinker. He is sharp and pointed in his jokes, and mirthful and forcible rather than copious in his speech. He is intuitive in his perceptions of truth, positive in his opinions, independent in his disposition, and ready and willing to take responsibilities. He has scarcely judgment enough at all times to regulate his impulses and restrain his actions. He is not like other people. He is candid and frank, and not very greedy for what he has not got. In an emergency he would run the risk of losing his own life to save that of another. He is prepared to do daring things if necessary, and will make a mark in the world.

W. P. (Birmingham).—The natural gifts of this man are those of a scholar. He has accurate powers of speech, understands the use of words and terms, and is methodical in his way of doing things. He is accurate in his business transactions. Is characterised for loftiness of mind; is exalted in his views, and his aspirations do not centre in wealth, and fashionable position. He thinks much about another life, and has always had a desire to advance, improve, and become more worthy of respect. He has the element of industry, and possesses great firmness and perseverance. He minds his own business; is never rude or radical in his views, yet sometimes may trust to the honesty of others too much. Is kind and neighbourly, more likely to lend than to borrow, and hates to be under obligation to any one. Strong in his religious views, though liberal in his theology. Is characterised for his intuitive discernment of truth, says many wise things, and wants things as nearly perfect as possible.

E. S. (Highgate).-This photograph indicates a high degree of mental susceptibility, great nervous power, and much intensity of feeling. It also indicates great natural strength of constitution. The lady is consequently capable of enjoying and suffering with great intensity, and of bearing up under many trials and difficulties. Her intellect is a very sharp one, and she has more than common power to acquire information and show judgment and understanding. She is also very ingenious, and capable of doing many things requiring taste and manual dexterity. She is kind-hearted, very affectionate, and capable of much devotedness of attachment. Is perhaps a little too suspicious, and sometimes too sharp in her temper, and too critical in her judgments, especially of people.

E. C. (Flint).-You have a great deal of natural ability, and only

need to assiduously cultivate it in order to make more than a common man of yourself. Your intellectual powers fit you par excellence for scientific study, and for a business that requires the knowing faculties, as contra distinguished from the thinking faculties; not that you do not think, but that you are not a theoriser and originator, so much as you are an observer and a reasoner from observed facts. You would make a first-class mining engineer, mineralogist, contractor, or anything in that line. You can also manage, superintend, plan, and organize; have extra good powers for understanding mechanics, and for making estimates, &c. You have plenty of resolution-sometimes too much.

W. A. G. This photograph indicates a good compact organization, both physically and mentally. He should succeed in anything he takes hold of, provided it be of a practical nature. Will not be brilliant, showy, or particularly glib as a speaker, but he possesses a good, substantial, practical intellect. Has good moral powers also, and is by no means lacking in energy. Will make a true husband and faithful friend. Has quite enough temper, but is very kind-hearted.

J. W. H. (Saddleworth).-Are a genial, friendly, and companionable man, full of life, wit, and good humour. Few men are more affectionate. Have much imagination, and if you have not learned to check it, you are liable to be led astray by it. Possess more than common power of language, and have some of the powers of an orator. Are peculiar in your religious beliefs, and not like other people in anything. Are a great observer, and possess powers to acquire and systematize knowledge, but have not enough concentration.

W. H. B. (Macclesfield).-This young man has a very peculiar head. It is developed in the upper part somewhat at the expense of the lower. He is consequently characterised for thought, reason, imagination, wit, &c., rather than for general memory of details, observation, and scientific knowledge. Has the qualifications for a scholar, for a writer, a musician, or for the Church. He will be much drawn in one or other of these channels, for his predilictions will be in favour of all that is high, æsthetic, and moral, rather than the reverse. He will need to take special care of himself physically.

"The finger of God hath left an inscription upon all his works, not graphical or composed of letters, but of their several forms, constituous parts and operations which, aptly joined together, do make one word that doth express their Nature."-Sir Thomas Browne.

THE

Phrenological Magazine.

SEPTEMBER, 1883.

REV. JONATHAN BAYLEY M.A., Ph.D. HE likeness of this rev. gentleman indicates a high and a good quality of brain. His power is quite fairly distributed, physically and mentally, for he is naturally well rounded out. His physiology indicates warm blood, tenacity of life, power to labour, and to hold on.

His physiognomy indicates earnestness, sincerity, penetration, and desire to investigate and examine everything.

His head indicates three prominent points of character, or

three general tendences of mind.

VOL. IV.

CC

First his energy, industry, and desire to overcome obstacles. He cannot keep still so long as there are impediments in his way to progress. He has all the indications of being a hardworking, industrious man.

His second strong quality of mind comes from his great power to acquire knowledge, and ability to utilize the same. The tendency of his intellect is both literary and scientific. He is fond of facts, and is a close student of nature; and is disposed to study the bearings of everything. He is very methodical in his habits, modes of study, and manner of presenting a subject; has great powers of order and arrangement, and must do things well, or not at all. His forte in reasoning is by analogies, comparison, and similes. He makes everything clear and tangible, and easily understood. He has remarkable powers of intuition, and is almost a prophet. The present to him is only a stepping-stone to the more important future. He is a quick discerner of truth, and readily perceives its bearing and application, and is not satisfied till he gets at the core or essence of things. One of the strongest desires he has is to know as much as possible about the Divine mind and character; his inquiries naturally tend that way.

The third and strongest tendency of his mind comes from his high, broad, round, coronal brain, which must have been an hereditary gift, for it is in his natural organization to be high-toned, moral, and religious. He appears to have all the moral and religious faculties largely developed, giving him distinct ideas of justice, strong feelings of sympathy, and a desire to do good, joined to strong religious emotions, and feelings of devotion and respect; strong faith in spirit-life and influence, and strong hopes of immortality and a future life. His imagination takes a moral and spiritual direction, giving great scope of mind, with a creative, inventive tendency. He has ease, grace, and versatility of manner, and yet with his large firmness, he has great will-power and stability of character, and thus exerts a steady, uniform, consistent influence over others.

The Rev. Dr. Jonathan Bayley was born in Salford, Manchester, in 1810, and in 1831 he was the corresponding member of the little society of the New Church in that place. In 1834 he became the minister of the Accrington New Church Society. In 1836 he was ordained, and he is now the senior minister of the New Church in the world, and the present Conference will be the seventh over whose deliberations he has presided. After a sojourn of twenty years at