ABELARD, saying of, referred to, 760 b.
Abercromby, (David,) 785 a, see Common Sense.
Absolute, (the,) what, as one of the poles of the
Conditioned, 936 sq. as contrasted with the
Infinite, 937 a; Absolute Idealism, 817 a; this
and Natural Realism the only systems worthy
of a philosopher, 817 b, n. ; Absolute Identity,
749 a.

Abstract Knowledge, see Intuitive.

Active and Passive Intellects, the Aristotelian and
Scholastic distinction of, 953 sq.

Activity of mind, in cognition, what meant by,
859 a, n.

Actual and Potential, the distinction of, in the
Aristotelic philosophy, 828 b.

Adam, denied species both in sense and intellect,
954 b, n. *.

Enesidemus, developed the difficulty from the
simultaneity of Cause and Effect, 936 a, n.
Affective Qualities, Affections: Aristotle's doc-
trine of, 826, 827.

Affinity, Law of, in Mental Reproduction, 915 a.
Albertus Magnus, quoted on the word Maxim,

767 b; referred to on the nature of Principles,
778 a; viewed Ens as the Primum Cognitum,
934 b; his division of the Internal Senses,
953 b, n.; cited, 956 a, n. *.

Albinus, (Bernard Siegfried,) abstract of his doc-
trine touching the Nerves, 872 sq.; his Prelec-
tions eulogised, 874 a.

Albius, see White.

Alexander Aphrodisiensis, on the comparative
certainty of our original beliefs, 755 a; 775 a,
see Common Sense; referred to, 764 b, 771 b, n. ;
that Sensation is a judgment, 878 a, n. t; viewed
Ens as the Primum Cognitum, 934 b; his em-
ployment of avvalodnσis, 943 a, 944 a; quoted
on the terms impress, type, &c., 949 a; cited
on the Active Intellect, 956 a, n. ; on the
conciliation of Liberty and Prescience, 975
b, n.; on the term contingent, 978 a.
Algazel, 776 b, see Common Sense; referred to,
850 b, 851 a; his division of the Internal Senses,
953 b, n.

Alstedius, his' Archelogia,' 770 a.
Amherst, 789 b, see Common Sense.
Ammonius Hermiæ, 776 b, see Common Sense;
referred to, 764 b, 881 b, n. ; quoted in illustra-
tion of the doctrine touching the negativity of
our perception of Terminal Lines, 922; on the
term contingent, 978 a.
Amputated limb, sensation of pain in relation to,
explained, 861, n. *.

Analogy, how far presumptions from, afford a
criterion of truth, 854 a, n.; Law of, in Mental
Reproduction, 915 a.

Analytic and Synthetic judgments a priori,
Kant's distinction of, question concerning the
originality of, 787 b, n*; anticipated by Buffier,
ib.; borrowed from Buffier by Campbell, ib.
Anaxagoras, 850 b.

Ancillon, (le fils,) 798 b, see Common Sense;
cited on acts of mind beyond the sphere of
consciousness, 939 a; against the distinction of
Observation and Reflection, 940 b, n. §; on
Necessity as a quality of cognitions, 973 b; on
the notion of Causality in relation to Liberty.
974 b, n. *.

Andala, (Ruardus,) maintained a doctrine of Per-
ception analogous to that of Reid, 883, n.
Andreas, (Antonius,) the first to enounce the
Principle of Identity, 778 a; see Common Sense.
Andronicus, regarded the Affective Qualities as,
in strict propriety, not qualities but powers, 827 b.
Andronicus, (Pseudo,) see Heliodorus Prusensis.
Annihilation, as conceived by us, 937 a.
Anschauung, (intuition,) as opposed to Begriff,
(conception,) 986, 987.

Anselm, (St,) saying of, referred to, 760 b;
776 b, see Common Sense; notices the distinc-
tion of Abstract and Intuitive Knowledge, 812 b.
AVTIKEÍμEVOV (T0), how used by Aristotle, 806 b, n.
Antoninus, his employment of συναίσθησις,

943 a.

Aonius Palearius, cited, 948 a.

Apperception, of the Leibnitio-Wolfians, 877 a, n.,
944 a.

Apprehension and Judgment really one, but logi-
cally double, 806 n.

A priori, a posteriori, on the terms, 762; earlier
and Kantian uses of, ib.

Aquinas, (Thomas,) on the term Intelligentiæ,
769, n. t; 776, 777, see Common Sense; re-
solves all the Common Sensibles into Quantity
or the Continuous, 829; referred to, 833 a; his
example of Necessary Consecution in thoughts,
895 a, n.; quoted on Reminiscence, 904 a, n. t;
viewed Ens as the Primum Cognitum, 934 b; his
division of the Internal Senses, 953 b, n. ; quoted
on the Active and Passive Intellects, 954 a, n. † ;
cited, 976 a, n. ‡; held that God sees everything
in his eternity as present, 976 b, n. t; extracts
from, touching divine Prescience, 979 a.
Arabian Philosophers, devised the theory of Sub-
stantial Forms, 827 a, n.

Archimedes, the oldest authority, after Aristotle,
for the use of the term Axiom in a mathematical
relation, 765 b.

Aristides, (Aelius,) 401 b, 402 a, see Common
Sense.

Aristotelians, (the,) their doctrine of Species, 951-
960.

Aristotle, quoted in vindication of the argument
from Common Sense, 752; on the comparative
certainty of our original beliefs, 755 a; cited on
the term Sense, 756 a; held that intelligence
proper (vous) is a Sense, 757 b, 771 a, 799 a,
n. t; assimilated intellect to Touch, 757 b; does
not apply the epithet common to intellect, 758
a, n.; Principle, how defined by, 761 b; his
use of the terms a priori, a posteriori, 762 a;
his Categories, what, 762 b; his employment of
the term Axiom, 764-766 passim; wrote a trea-
tise (now lost) on Mathematics, 765 a; his divi-
sion of Reason, 768 a; contrasts Reason and
Intelligence, 768 a, 771 a; his use of the term
vous, 769 b; 771-773, see Common Sense; ap-
parently contradictory doctrines of, with re-
gard to first principles, reconciled, 771 b, n.;
Subject and Object, how far discriminated in
his writings, 806 b, n.; quoted in illustration
of the doctrine of Representative Knowledge,
809 b, n.; cited, 826 a; distinguished the
Primary and Secondary Qualities of Matter,
826 sq.; more particularly: 1. Discriminated
with great precision the difference of corpo-
real qualities considered objectively and sub-
jectively, 826 a-827 b; 2. Signalised the am-
biguity which arises from languages not always
affording different terms by which to distin-
guish these relations, 827 b-828 b; 3. In dis-
criminating the Common and Proper Sen-
sibles anticipated the distinction afterwards
taken by Descartes, Locke, &c., of Primary and
Secondary Qualities of Matter, 828 b-830 b;
his use of the term Tаonтikóя, 826 b, n.;
the theory of Substantial Forms unjustly at-
tributed to him, 827 a, n.; his doctrine of the
assimilation of subject and object, in the sensi-
tive process, explained, ib.; his employment of
the term Motion or Movement (kívηois), 829 a,
n. *, 892 b, n. *; what he meant by Number, 829
a, n. t; his division of corporeal qualities, in a
physical point of view, explained, 836 b, n. t;
notice of his opinion as to the Secundo-primary
class of qualities, 849 b sq.; quoted as hold-
ing that Sensation is not a purely objective
cognition, 855 b, 856 a; virtually held that
the Primary Qualities are perceptions, not sen-
sations, 859 b, n. t; his doctrine that the soul
contains the body, rather than the body the
soul, 861 b, n.; asserts that Sensitive Percep-
tion is a judgment, 878, n. t; that it involves
an act of Intellect, 878, n. ; recognised the
twofold (active and passive) character of the sen-
sitive process, 881, n., 884 a; his discrimination
of Common and Proper Sensibles, its merits,
886; a Natural Realist, 886 b, 952 a, n.; was
aware of the law of the co-existence, in an
inverse ratio, of Perception and Sensation, ib.;
his doctrine of Mental Association stated and
explained, with translations from the treatise De
Memoria and relative commentary of Themistius,
892-910; his three laws of Reminiscence ex-
plained and criticised, 899, n. *; what he means
by calling Reminiscence a rational procedure,
909 a, n. t; held that colour and extension "al-
ways accompany each other," 918 a; quoted in
illustration of the doctrine in regard to the nega-
tivity of our perception of terminal lines, 921;
on Lines, 921 b, n. *; his use of the word idea,
926 b; had no special term for Consciousness,
931 b; viewed Ens as the Primum Cognitum,
934 b; his employment of #роσEKTIKÓS, 943 b;
the term TÚTOs as used by, not to be taken
literally, 948, 949; cited on the Platonic doctrine
of Perception, 950 a; did not hold the doctrine
of Species usually attributed to him, 951 b, 952
a; that Sense (in actu) not cognisant of aught
universal, 973 a; has been held to deny the Di-
vine Prescience, 976 a, n. t; cited on the term

contingent, 978 a; his merits as a Logician, 982-
984; his own testimony, 982, 983; the testimony
of Kant, 983 b; of Degerando, Pelisson, and
Bilfinger, 983, 984; on the propriety of studying
the sciences of Observation before those of Re-
flection, 985; on Conceptions and Intuitions,
987 a.

Aristoxenus, referred to, 878, n. [.

Arnauld, acknowledges that his theory of Percep
tion involves a surrender of all immediate know-
ledge of an external world, 815 b, 823 b; cited,
939 b; his ideas characterised, 960 b; his ex-
planation of the Cartesian idea, 963 b, n.
Arnobius, 776 a, see Common Sense.
Arriaga, referred to, $13 b, n.; maintained Species
in both the external and internal senses, 955
a, n. t; cited, 976 a, u. 1.
Assistance, theory of, Descartes its author, 961
b, n. *.

Associability, or Possible Co-suggestion, as one of
the general laws of Mental Suggestion, 912.
Association, or Suggestion, Mental, contribution
towards a history of the doctrine of, (Note D**,)
889-910; interest and importance of the subject,
889 a; parallel and contrast between the prin-
ciples of Association and Gravitation, 889 a b;
imperfections of the existing Histories of Asso-
ciation, 889, 890; the present, an attempt to
render justice to Aristotle as the author of the
theory, 891; his doctrine of, stated and ex-
plained, with translations from the treatise De
Memoria and relative commentary of Themis-
tius, 892 sq.; Memory and Reminiscence, how
distinguished, 892 a; the latter term applied
to mediate reproduction, whether intentional or
spontaneous, ib.; Reminiscence (intentional)
dependant upon the determined consecution of
thought on thought, 892-894; this consecution
either necessary or habitual, 894, 895; habitual
consecution, special circumstances by which
controlled, 895, 896; general laws, to wit, of
Similars, of Contraries, of Coadjacents, 896-
901; these laws govern spontaneous, as well as
intentional, Reminiscences, 901-903; on the
perfection of Reminiscences, 903, 904; distinc-
tion of Reminiscence and Relearning, 904;
questions mooted and solved, 904-909; Remi-
niscence, a rational procedure, 909, 910.
Reproduction.

See

Association of Ideas, the expression criticised, 893
b, n., 906, n. t; its introduction erroneously at-
tributed to Locke, ib.; its proper application,
911 b.

Athenæus, cited, 878, n. [.

Atheism, implied in Fatalism or the doctrine of
Necessity, 974 a.

Atomists, (the,) anticipation of Locke by, 839 b.
Attention, as a condition of Perception, 877 b;
the Greek word for, first introduced by Philo-
ponus, 931 b, 942 a; Reid's employment, 940;
not a faculty different from Consciousness, 941 a;
possible without an act of free-will, 941 b; of
three degrees or kinds, ib.; nature and impor-
tance of, 941 b, 942 a; by whom recognised as
a special faculty, 945 b; various opinions touch-
ing, 945 b, 946 a. See Consciousness, Reflection.
Attraction, simile of, applied to the Association
of Ideas, 889 a, 894 a, n.*; its impropriety,
907, a, n.

Augustin, (St,) held that the facts of conscions-
ness, as mere phænomena, are above scep-
ticism, 744 a; quoted, 744 a, 760 b; contrasts
Reason and Reasoning, 768 b; calls the first
principles of knowledge intelligentia, 770 a;
776 a, see Common Sense; uses passivus to
translate TaoTikós, 826, n.; from him Male-
branche borrowed the law of Redintegration,
898, n.*; an authority for the term suggestio,
901, n.*; first used the word idea in a theo-
logical sense, 925 b, n. t; cited on the mind's
self-consciousness, 931 b; on the terms consci-

entia, conscius, 945 a; on Attention in general,
945 b; makes Attention a necessary element in
every act of perception, ib.; on Reflection, 946 a;
phrase from, 947 b; platonizes on Vision, 950 b;
quoted on the unity of Mind, 956 a, n. §; his
conciliation of Free Grace with Free Will, 975 b;
reasons from Memory in favour of Liberty, in the
same way as Reid, 976 a, n. *; quoted, 976 b,
n.*; cited for the argument that Prescience is
incompatible with Freedom, 977 a, and n. ‡.
Augustin, (Pseudo,) referred to, 769 b, n. t;
quoted on the mystery of the union of Mind
with Body, 880 b, n.; on the unity of Mind, 956
a, n. §.

Aureolus, denied the prescience of God in respect
of future contingents, 976 a, n. t.
Avempace, disallowed Species in intellect, 954 b,
n. t; cited on the Active Intellect, 956 a, n. \\.
Averroes, referred to on the nature of Principles,
778 a; his cogitativa, 909, n. t; viewed Ens as
the Primum Cognitum, 934 b; his division of
the Internal Senses, 953 b, n.; cited on the Ac-
tive and Passive Intellects, 956 b, n. *.
Avicembron, referred to, 850 b, 851 a.
Avicenna, viewed Ens as the Primum Cognitum,
934 b; his division of the Internal Senses, 953
b, n.; referred to on Species, 956 a, n. *.
Axiom, three different meanings of the term: 1.=
a judgment true, primary, immediate, and com-
mon: so employed by Aristotle, Theophrastus,
the Mathematicians, &c., 764, 765; 2. an enun-
ciation or proposition, in general: so employed
by Aristotle (?), the Stoics, &c., 765, 766; 3.=
an empirical law: so employed by Bacon, 766 a;
how translated into Latin, 766.
Axiopistus, a fabricator of Pseudoepicharmia,
878, n..

BACCONIUS, denied Species in intellect, 954 b, n. f.
Bacon, called empirical generalisations axioms,
766 a; his use of the word idea, 927 a.
Baer, referred to, 862 a, n.

Balde, quoted on Reflection, 947 b.
Balforeus, referred to on the Platonic Ideas, 950
b; cited, 976 a, n.‡

Balzac, 782 b, see Common Sense.

Barbarus, (Hermolaus,) his translations of ȧè̟íwμa,

766; referred to on the term Suggestion, 901, n.
Barclay, (John,) cited on the practical influence of
Association and Habit, 896, n.

Barthius, cited, 945 a, n.

Bauhinus, (Caspar,) referred to on the Spinal
Nerves, 871 b, n.; on the word idea, 927 a.
Baumeister, cited on Wolf's distinction of Percep-
tion, Apperception, and Cogitation, 944 a.
Baumgarten, held that Consciousness is a discrimi-
nation, 923 b; quoted on the distinction of Con-
ceptions and Intuitions, 987 a; cited, 916 b,
nn. §, 928 a.

Bautain, referred to on the Common Sense of La
Mennais, 771 a.

Baxter, (Andrew,) referred to, 850 b; has nothing

original on Perception and Sensation, 886 a, n.;
referred to on the Lockian and Cartesian uses of
the word idea, 928 b, n. .

Bayle, referred to on the supposed anticipations of
Malebranche's theory, 966 a and n.
Beattie, his faulty application of the argument
from Common Sense, 752 b; futile attack on, by
the English translator of Buffier, 788 b; 792 a,
see Common Sense; his definition of Common
Sense unjustly reprehended by Stewart, 792.
Beausobre, cited on acts of mind beyond the
sphere of consciousness, 938 b.
Belief, its relation to Feeling, 760 a; distinguished
from Knowledge, 760 b; authorities for the use
of the term, in relation to the original warrants
of cognition, ib.; Jacobi's testimony to the ne-
cessity of, 793-796.

Beliefs, Primary, as the ultimate criterion of truth,
742 sq.; question as to the authority of, 746 a, n.

Bell, (Sir Charles,) cited on the subjective charac-
ter of our sensations, 856 a; on the hypothesis
of a Sensorium Commune, 861 a, n.; curious caso
of paralysis recorded by, 865 b, n.; important
discovery of, regarding the spinal nerves, 869
b, n.; notice of his doctrine, 874 b.
Beneke, acknowledged the existence of a natural
belief in realism, 748 b; cited on the Muscular
Sense, 868 b, n.; on acts of mind beyond the
sphere of consciousness, 939 a.

Bentley, 785 a, see Common Sense.
Berard, cited, 861 b, n.

Berigard, cited, 850 b, 856 a; his connection with,
and influence on, Hobbes; 890 b, n. t; his
statement of the law of Redintegration, 898, n.;
assisted in finally refuting the doctrine of Spe-
cies, 956 b.

Berkeley, (Bishop,) quoted on the testimony of con-
sciousness in perception, 747 b; 786 b, see Com-
mon Sense; his use of the term objective, 808 a, n.;
appeals to the common sense of mankind not
less confidently than Reid, 817, n.; Reid's ap-
plication of the term sign conformable to his
philosophy, 820 b, n.; his employment of the
word Solidity misunderstood by Stewart, 840
b, n; demonstrated, on the principles of Des-
cartes, &c., the subjectivity of Space or Ex-
tension, 841 a; not the first to employ the
terms suggest, suggestion, in a psychological re-
lation, 901, n.*; maintained that we cannot
imagine Extension without Colour, 918, n. *;
anticipation of Condillac by, 919 a, n.*; his
idealism, identity of, with a supposition of Male-
branche, 967 b, n.; contrasted with the idealism
of Fichte, 968 b.

Bernard, (St,) his conciliation of Free Grace with
Free Will, 975 b, 978 a, n. *.

Bernardus, (J. Bap.,) cited on Reflection, 947 a;
on the Platonic ductrine of Perception, 950 a;
on cogitation, 953 b, n.

Bernouilli, (James,) referred to, 850 b; his expla-
nation of Cohesion, 851 a.
Bernouilli, (John,) cited, 851 a.
Bessarion, quoted, 779, n. t.
Bessel, experiments of, 854 a, n.

Biel, (Gabriel,) quoted, 813, n.; his explanation of
Colesion, 851 a; cited on the subjective character
of our sensations, 856 a; on Sensible Species, 953
a, n. §; denied Species both in sense and intellect,
954 b, n. *, 955 a, n.*; quoted in explanation of
Aristotle's doctrine, 954 b, n. *; his doctrine of
mental faculties, 956 a, n. §; passages from, exhi-
biting the Nominalistic doctrine of species, 957
sq.; cited on the conciliation of Liberty and
Prescience, 975 b, n.; on the term contingent,
978 a.

Bilfinger, referred to, 850 b; anticipated Wolf in
regard to the universal law of Association, 898,
n.*; held that consciousness is a discrimina-
tion, 933 b; cited on acts of mind beyond the
sphere of consciousness, 938 a; his testimony to
Aristotle's merits as a logician, 984 b.

Biunde, referred to on the Common Sense of La
Mennais, 771 a; followed Maass in regard to
Similarity as a principle of Association, 913 b,
914 a; quoted, 914 b; cited as to certain thoughts
being more easily suggested than others, 916,
nn.; on acts of mind beyond the sphere of con-
sciousness, 938 a.

Blair, referred to, 851 a.

Blancard, cited on the hypothesis of a Sensorium
Commune, 861 a, n.

Boerhaave, cited on the subjective character of
our sensations, 856 a; on the hypothesis of a
Sensorium Commune, 861 a, n.; his doctrine re-
garding the Nerves, 872; cited on acts of mind
beyond the sphere of Consciousness, 939 a.
Boethius, his employment of the term dignitas,
766 a; of the phrase maxima propositio, 766,
767; contrasts Reason and Intelligence, 768 b;
his rendering of νοῦς, 769 b; οἱ παθητικός,

826 b, n.; quoted, 925 b, n. t; cited on God
sceing everything in his eternity as present,
976 b, n. t.

Bolzano, referred to on the meaning of the word
idea, 928 a; quoted on the distinction of Con-
ceptions and Intuitions, 986, 987.

Bone Spei, (Franciscus,) allowed species only in
the sense of sight, 955 a, n. t; quoted on the
different kinds of Necessity, 977 a, n. *.
Bonartes, (Thomas,) denied the prescience of God
in respect of future contingents, 976 a, n. 1.
Bonnet, his use of the term idea, 928 b; treats of
Attention as a separate faculty, 945 b.
Borger, quoted, 758.

Boscovich, referred to, 850 b.

Bossuet, notice of his doctrine touching the infal-
libility of our Intelligence, 784 a; 784 b, see
Common Sense; Reid's application of the term
sign conformable to his philosophy, 820 b, n.;
cited on the Cartesian distinction of Idea and
Sensation, 807 b.

Bouterwek, a follower of Jacobi, 796 b.
Boyle, (Hon. Robert,) his doctrine of Primary
and Secondary Qualities, 833; probably sug-
gested to Locke the names by which this dis-
tinction is expressed, 833 a, 837 a; referred to,
839 b; his use of the term idea, 927 b.
Brandis, referred to on the Common Reason of
Heraclitus, 771 a; on the word idea before Plato,
925 b, n. *.

Breadth less lines, see Point.
Brown, (Dr Thomas,) a Cosmothetic Idealist, 819
b; plagiarisms of, 868 b, n., 919 b; doctrine of,
as to Extension and Colour, 860 b, n; his de-
duction of the notion of Extension shewn to be
illogical, 869, n.; cited, 916 b, n. ; mistake of
touching the use of the term idea, 925 b; cited
on the conditions of Consciousness, 938 b; his
misconception of the doctrine of species, 948 b,
949 a; his ignorance of Hume's philosophy,
969 b.

Brown, (Sir Thomas,) 782 b, see Common Sense.
Browne, (Bishop,) censured Locke for his vacil-
lating use of the term idea, 928 b, n. t.
Brunet, an Egoist, 988 b.

Bruno, (Giordano,) referred to, 850 b; on the con-
ditions of Consciousness, 938 a; on Reflection,
947 a.
Buccaferreus, denied both sensible and intelligible
species, 954 b, n.*; made heaven the cause of
species, 956 b, n. t; his doctrine a distant ap-
proximation to Malebranche's theory, 967 a.
Buchanan, (David,) the first to employ the word
idea in the sense afterwards given to it by Des-
cartes, 926 a, 927 a; cited on Reflection, 947 a,
948 a.

Budæus, cited on the transference of the term
Sense to the higher faculties of mind, 756 a;
778 b, see Common Sense; on the terms pos-
sible, impossible, 978 b.

Buffier, cited as holding that the facts of conscious-
ness, as mere phænomena, are above scepticism,
744 a; on the absolute truth of Consciousness,
750 b; quoted on the evidence and certainty of
our original beliefs, 755 a; 786-789, see Common
Sense; the first to recognise and designate the
distinction of Analytic and Synthetic judgments
a priori, 787, n.; referred to, 791 b, 835 a.
Buble, quoted on the Cartesian theory of Percep-
tion, 962 a, n. †, 963 a, n. 1, et alibi.
Burmannus, cited on the transference of the term
Sense to the higher faculties of mind, 756 a.
Burthogge, cited on the word idea, 928 b; on the
conditions of Consciousness, 938 b.
Burton, (John Hill,) his Biography of David
Hume referred to, 890 b, n. *.

CESALPINUS, his speculations on the Motive Fa-
culty, as a medium of perception, 867 b, n. ;
quoted, 868 a, n.

Cæsar, cited, 939 a.

Cajetanus, cited on the Active Intellect, 956 a,
n.; on the conciliation of Liberty and I're
science, 975 b, n.; extracts from, in illustration
of his doctrine, 979-981.

Calorific, a preferable term to Caloric, 833 n.
Calovius, referred to on the epithet common 'as
applied to Principles, 763 b; his Noologia,"
770 a; quoted on the word objective, 807 b, n.
Calvinists, (the,) maintain the predestination and
foreknowledge of God in conjunction with the
liberty of man, 977 b, 978 a.

Camerarius, quoted on the Stahlian doctrine of
Obscure Perceptions, 939 b; cited on Reflection,
946 b.

Cameron, (Joannes,) 782 a, see Common Sense.
Campanella, referred to on the term Suggestion,
901, n. *.

Campanus, his Unitarian heresy, 981 b, n.
Campbell, (Principal,) before Kant signalised the

distinction of Analytic and Synthetic judgments
a priori, 787, n.; his doctrine borrowed from
Buffier, ib.; cited, 789 a.

Canter, (William,) extracts made by, from MS. of
Horatian scholiasts, 774, n. t.

Canz, referred to, 850 b; cited on the conditions
of Consciousness, 933 b; on Descartes' denial
of Obscure Ideas, 939 b; on acts of mind be
yond the sphere of consciousness, 940 b; his
twofold distinction of Reflection, 940 b, n. §;
treats of Attention as a separate faculty,

945 b.

Cardaillac, cited on the term idea, 928, b; on
acts of mind beyond the sphere of consciousness,
939 a.

Cardan, his fourfold division of Touch, 867 b, n.
Carleton, (Compton,) referred to, 813 b, n. ; quoted
on the Common Sensibles, 830 a; held a doc-
trine of Perception similar to that of Reid,
883 a, n.

Carneades, compared the consecution of thoughts
to a chain, 894 a, n. *.
Caro, cited, 973 b.

Cartesians, (the,) their use of the expression
pure knowledge, 763 a, n. *; their distinction of
Idea and Sensation, 832 b, 887; viewed vis in-
ertio as a quality, derivative and contingent,
851 b; coincidence between their doctrine of
perception and that of Reid, 883, n.; did not ap-
ply the term idea to smells, tastes, &c., 927 a.
Carus, (R. G.,) cited, 861 b, n.

Casmann, (Otto,) referred to, 779 a.
Castanæus, cited, 946 b, n. t.

Category, Aristotle's and Kant's uses of the term,
762 b.

Catharinus, defended Aristotle against Gregory
of Rimini, 976 a, n. ‡.

Causality, Causation, Cause and Effect, Reid's
doctrine of, 753, 754; judgment of, explained by
a new theory, that of the Conditioned, 935-937";
moral and religious character of this theory, 974,
975; see Liberty.

Causes, always more than one, 937 b.
Certain, authors cited on the term, $78 b.
Certainty, as a character of our original beliefs,

755.

Chain, simile of a, applied to the consecution of
thoughts, 904 a, n.*; inadequate to the phæ
nomenon, 906 a, n t.

Chanet, 782 b, see Common Sense.
Charron, never uses idée,' 927 a.
Chauvin, referred to on Instinct as a philosophical
term, 761 a; notices Scaliger's doctrine as to
the perception of Weight, 867 b, n.; referred
to, 931 a, n. §; quoted on the Cartesian Species,
957 a, n. t.

Chrysogonus, a fabricator of Pseudoepicharmia,
878, n. l.

Cicero, his employment of sensus communis,
757 a, 759 a; of intelligentia, 769 b, 770 a ; 774 a.
see Common Sense; referred to, 826 a; may
have given a hint of the expression Primary