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Amodo, 97, from henceforth.

Andegavensis, 122, Angevin. Andegavensis moneta, the money of the county of Anjou, was worth a fourth of the English money of the same

name.

Angylde, 62, 70, legal value. At p. 62 probably equivalent to wer.
An-scote, 80; see Scot.

Apostolicus, 79, the pope. In med. Fr. l'apostoile.

Appellare, 107, to appeal, the term used of a private person bringing a criminal charge. But the word is very frequently used in the regular sense of recourse to a higher tribunal, as at p. 133.

Appellum, 295, the act of appealing, or the bringing of a criminal charge by a private person.

Appretiare, 275, 358, to appraise, to value.

Arentare, 375, to let at a rental.

Arestare, 353, to arrest.

Also arrestare. Fr. arrêter.

Argentarius, 164, 182, the officer who presides over the essaying of silver in the Exchequer.

Arismeticus, 174, arithmetical.

Armiger, 75, an esquire.

Ascriptitius, 193, 195, bound to the soil; applied to the condition of a villanus.

Asportare, 144, to carry away.

Assalire, 87, to assault.

Med. Lat. for assilire.

Assartum, 340, 374, a clearing in a wood. See Essartum.

Assecurare, 132, 434, to assure. Old Fr. asseurer.

Assidere, 459, 491, to assess; 192, to have a seat in the Exchequer. Assisa, an assize: (1) an assessment, 190; (2) a law or edict, 128; (3) a mode of trial prescribed by such a law, 153; (4) the select body employed to carry out the trial, 378, 379; (5) the trial itself, 145, 350. Assisus, 145, assessed. Part. of assideo, applied to redditus, assised rent. Asturcarius, 236, keeper of the asturcae, great hawks.

Atenere, 144, to extend, to hold from such a time onwards.
Attachiamentum, 434, a seizure of person or goods by legal process.

Attachiare, 142, to seize person or goods by legal process.

Attaintus, 144; Attinctus, 415, convicted.

Fr. atteint.

Atterminare, 350, to appoint a term for hearing.

Attornare, 502, to appoint a substitute.

Aubergel, 147; Aubergellum, 148, a hauberk, a coat of mail. Germ. Halsberg.

Auxilium, 142, an aid; the feudal contribution so called.

Aventura, 363, an adventure.

Averia, 348, 393, all animals used in husbandry. Fr. avoir.
Averus, 254, affrus, a farm horse.

B

Fr. avoir.

Bacheleria, 323, the body of persons aspiring to knighthood; used loosely in this place, apparently, for the gentry of England, the landed interest, beneath the rank of barons. The Low Lat. baccalarius was originally the owner of a baccalaria or grazing farm; from bacca = vacca, a cow. Baillia, Baillivus, Bailliva; see Ballia, Ballivus, Balliva. Balistarius, 286, a crossbow-man.

Ballia. 243; Balliva. 141; a charge, an office of trust; translated in English 'a bailiwick,' and sometimes used for the area over which the functions of the office extend; from bajulare, to carry.

Ballivus, 124, 141, a bailiff, a person put in charge by his superior. The praepositus, or reeve, might be an elective officer, but the bailiff is the nominee of the lord.

Ballium, 396, charge.

Bancus, 336, the bench, the tribunal of judges. Old High Ger. banc. Bannerettus, 431, a banneret; a person knighted on the field of battle; more loosely and obscurely, a nobleman below the degree of baron who leads his retainers under his own banner.

Baro, 74, properly a vassal, homo; but generally a tenant in chief holding by barony.

Baronagium, 426, the collected barons, as an estate of the realm.

Baronia, 133, a barony, containing, definitely, thirteen knights' fees and a third, but more loosely, any amount of land held in chief of the Crown under grant as a barony.

Bassus, 397, low: Basse, 499, in a low voice.

Bedellus, 340, a beadle.

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Bellum, 103, 107, trial by battle, duellum.
Beneplacitum, 235, good pleasure.

Bercheria, 143, a sheepfold.

berbex.

Fr. bergerie, from the Latin vervex, or

Bernarius, 171, bear-ward; the keeper of the king's bears.

Bisia, 142, a hind or doe.

Bladum, 105, 346, corn.

Fr. biche.

Fr. blé.

Blancus, 175, 178, white. Old High Ger. blanch.

Blod-wit, 108, the fine imposed for drawing blood; forisfactura sanguinis. Bocland, 62, land the possession of which was secured by book, i. e. charter.

Borh, 61, 65, 70, 71, a surety; plegium or plegius.

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Bot, 60, 61, amends, reparation. Lat. emendatio.

Bovaria, 143, a cowhouse.

Fr. bouverie.

Braciare, 369, to brew. Fr. brasser.

Braciator, 369, a brewer.

Brasium, 369; Braseum, 433, malt. Pliny gives brace as a Gaulish word. Breve, 154, a writ. Fr. bref.

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Brid-tol, 259, or Brud-tol, 302, an obscure impost, perhaps, brycg-tol, or pontage.

Briga, 496, a dispute. Med. Lat. brica, Fr. brigue. Brig-bot, 102; Bric-bot, 72, one of the three obligations of allodial ownership, called the trinoda necessitas; the repair of bridges, pontis reparatio. Bulla, 313, the seal of gold or lead appended to papal, imperial, and royal letters hence the letter itself, which is properly epistola bullata. Burdare, 363, to joust. Fr. bohourt or behourt.

Burgagium, 107, tenure of land or houses in a borough, equivalent to free and common socage in the country.

Burg-bryce, 61, the violation of a man's castle or dwelling.

Burgensis, 85, 489, a burgher or burgess.

Burgus, 85, a borough, burh.

Burh, 65, a fortress, castle, borough.

Burh-bot, 72; Burcbota, 102, arcis reparatio, the allodial obligation of repairing local defences.

Burh-gemot, 70, 101, meeting of the burghers in council.

Burh-gate-seat, 64, a seat at the town-gate, a local court of justice.

Burh-ware-mot, 259, a meeting of the burghers, burh-wara.

Busca, 341, bush or underwood. Fr. busche, from bois.

Bytt-fylling, 66, ‘buccellorum impletio,' a filling of butts; an obscure expression referring probably to the festivities common at the councils or local assemblies of the Anglo-Saxons.

Calculus, 163, a counter.

c

Calumniare, 81, 107, 409, to claim, without the notion of falsehood or chicanery.

Calumniator, 75, a claimant.

Camerarius, 75, a chamberlain, keeper of accounts.

Cancellare, 205, 315, to cancel, to erase by cross-lining.

Cancellarius, 94, a chancellor, the chief clerk of the curia regis; so called from sitting within cancella, a screened partition: occasionally the medieval writers derived it from his power of modifying the king's writs by cancelling unjust provisions contained in them.

Capella, 152, the furniture required by a priest for divine service; 133, a chapel.

Capellet, 147, a head-piece.

Capellum, 363, a head-piece. Fr. chapeau.

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Capere, 148, capere se,' to take to, to have recourse for satisfaction to seizure of person or goods of an offender.

Capitale, 69, capital, property in cattle.

Caput (as we say a head of

cattle), capitale, captale, catallum; whence both cattle and chattels. Capitalis, 123, chief; as capitalis justitia, chief justice; capitalis dominus, chief lord.

Capitaneus, 126, a captain.

Capitulum, 105, 409, the chapter of a cathedral, collegiate, or conventual church; 318, an article or chapter of a document.

Careta, 341; Caretta, 284; Carecta, 332, a cart. Fr. charette.
Carectarius, 346; Caretarius, 357 (sc. equus), a cart-horse.

Cariagium, 332, carriage.

Cariare, 284, 430, to carry. Fr. charrier.

Carpentarius, 350, a carpenter.

Caristia, 376, dearth.

Caruca, Carruca, 78, a plough. Fr. charrue.

Carucagium, 314, a tax levied at so much a plough.

Carucata, Carrucata, 83, the quantity of land that could be ploughed by one plough or team in a season; long varying in extent, according to the locality or the nature of the soil, but determined in 1194 to be

100 acres.

Cassare, 158, 315, to quash.

Catallum, 137; Catellum, 265, a chattel; see Capitale.

Ceap-gild, 69, 81, market-price; from ceap, a market.

Centena, 69, a hundred; see above, p. 69.

Centenarius, 69, 75, the head man of the hundred.

Centuriata, 194, 200; Centuriatus, 83, a hundred.

Ceorl, 63, a churl, originally a freeman who is not noble, in opposition to

eorl at a later period = villanus.

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Certiorare, 454, to make certain.

Cervisia, 85, beer; a Gaulish word, according to Pliny.

Chaceare, 152, to chase. Fr. chasser.

Chamberlengeria, 306, the chamberlainship of London.

Childwite, 259, a penalty paid to the lord for impregnating his female

villein.

Chiminagium, 341, a tax upon waggons and other carriages going through

a forest. Fr. chemin.

Chiminum, 74, a road.

Fr. chemin.

Ciffus, 182, a cup, scyphus.

Cimiterium, 134, a church-yard, cemetery.
Clamare, 85, to claim; 104, to complain.

Clamator, 498, a crier of court.

Clamor, 84, a claim; 125, a complaint; 256, hue and cry.
Claustralis, 126, belonging to a cloister or monastery.

Clerus, 474, the clergy; Clericus, 254, a clerk.
Cnipulus, 167, a knife. Fr. canif.

Coadunare, 357, to get together, to get in (the harvest).
Cognoscens, 144, confessing.

Collecta, 127, a collection of money, in alms or taxation.

Combustio, 143, burning, the crime of arson; 184, the process of trying the silver at the Exchequer.

Comes, 66, a 'gesith' or companion of a lord; 83 and generally, an earl. Comitatus, 78, a county or shire; 99, the county court or shiremoot. Comitia, 107, 126, a pedantic expression for a legal assembly, such as the county court.

Commeare, 172, to come backwards and forwards at pleasure, as opposed to residere, which implies a fixed position and regular duties.

Communa, 244, 287, 305, an organized body possessing rights and property in common: applied sometimes to a chartered town, sometimes to the community in general.

Communitas, 324, a community, like communa; 502, latterly it comes to mean the Commons, as an estate of the realm.

Compotus, Computus, 103, account. Fr. compte.

Computator, 166, accountant.

Concanonicus, 409, a fellow-canon.

Concelamentum, 254, concealment.

Conludium, 69, collusion.

Conquisitio, 167; Conquestus, 392, the Norman Conquest.
Consiliarius, 326, a counsellor; a member of the council.

Consistorium, 127, the bishop's diocesan tribunal.

Constabularius, 171, constable of the king's court, comes stabuli, the staller; 336, the constable of a castle; 363, the high constable of a hundred or wapentake.

Consuetudo, 158, 159, custom, often in the sense of customary exaction.

Consulatus, 78, a county; a pedantic use of the word.

Contenementum, 156, 283, 291, explained by Selden to mean the amount of property necessary for a man to maintain his position as knight or baron.

Continuare, 322, to continue; 500, to adjourn.

Contrabreve, 181, counter-brief; the copy of a writ kept in court after the original has been served.

Contra-rotulus, 495, the counter-roll, kept as a check upon the public roll; hence the word control.

Contra-talea, 169, counter-tally; the half of the tally kept in the treasury to check the half entrusted to the payer.

Convenire, 132, to make application to a judge; 280, to be agreed; convenit, it is agreed; 321, to come together; 69, to be convenient; 161, to consult.

Conventio, 224, a covenant.

Conventionare, 245, to covenant.

Corditer, 500, cordially, unless it is a clerical error for concorditer.
Cornare, 341, to blow a horn.

Coronator, 283, a coroner.

Coscinum, 304, a measure of corn: the application in this place is very

uncertain.

Costa, 304, the coast.

Costera, 292, the coast.
Cotarius, 83, a cotter.

Cotsetus, 102, a cotter.
Credentia, 454, credence.

Crementum, 306, increase or profit of a ferm over and above the fixed sum at which it is let.

Crucesignatus, 284, one who has taken the cross to go on crusade.
Cruciatus, 252, a crusader.

Curia, (1) a court of justice, 132; (2) right of jurisdiction, 74, 137, 284; (3) the court of a house, 87; (4) a solemn assembly in the king's pre

sence, 122.

Curialis, 454, courteous; adv. curialiter, courteously.

Custodia, 289, guardianship; 141, the tenure of a county as custos, i. e. not at fixed ferm, but as accountable for all particulars. Custuma, 490, custom, in the sense of tax.

Custus, 414, cost. From constare, coûter.

D

Danegeldum, III; Danegildum, 192; Denageldum, 100, 101, Danegeld; see p. 194.

Dapifer, 75, a steward.

Deafforestare, 152, to disforest.

Dealbare, 212, to whiten, to blanch; hence our word daub. The process of blanching a ferm is described at p. 212.

Dealbator, 152, a bleacher.

Decanatus, 493, a deanery.

Decania, ICO, IOI, a tithing.

Decanus, 75, the head man of a tithing; 124, 471, the dean of a chapter. Decima, 100, a tithing; 128, a tithe or tenth.

Decurtator, 166, a clipper of coin.

Defalta, 252, 378; Defaltum, 498, default.

Defensum, 286, 294, prohibition; the close or fence time for fishing or hunting. Cf. Fr. defense and defendre. Defendere is used in the same way, p. 150.

Defortiare, 134, to deforce, to dispossess by violence.

Demanda, 154, a demand or application.

Demandare, 376, to demand or request; 422, to ordain by mandate.

Demenium, 253, demesne, the portion of a manor which the lord retains

in his own hands and cultivates by his villeins.

Denageldum; see Danegeldum.

Denarius, 83, 84, 264, a penny; 138, 155, 192, money in general.

Departitio, 502, separation, closing of the session of parliament.

Depraeditatio, 399, disendowment.

Detonsor, 166, a clipper of coin.

Detruncatio, 214, mutilation.

Dextrarius, 357, a war horse. Fr. destrier. So called because the squire

led it with his right hand.

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