7. Heaven keep that monster from Othello's mind.

In this example, each Noun has the attribute, third Person; because it names neither the narrator nor the narratee.

NOTE I. Any one of the three persons may be attributed to a Phrase Noun, and, also, to a Sentential or Clause Noun,

8. She heard the bird sing.

The bird [to] sing is a clause first object Noun, neuter gender, third Person.

NOTE II. Narrators usually name themselves by using the personators, I, my, mine, me, we, our, ours, us.

NOTE III. When the narrator addresses himself as he would another individual, his own name has the second Person; when he narrates his own actions as those of another individual, his own name has the third Person.

9. Said I to myself, "Charles Green, mark my words, 'You mean to be a good, clever fellow, but you miss it very often; you know you do, Mr. Charles Green.'"

Charles Green is in the second Person, although really the name of the person speaking or the narrator.

In Cæsar's Commentaries we find passages, similar to the following, written by Cæsar, concerning himself;—

10. Cæsar orders the troops to follow, but scarcely have they reached the hill-top, when Cæsar perceives one approach. ing, who informs Cæsar, etc.

In this example, Cæsar is in the third Person, although really the name of the writer or narrator.

NOTE IV. Those addressed are usually named by thou, thy, thine, thee, you, ye, your, yours. When the one, making the address, uses the name of the one addressed, as that of a third individual, that name has the third Person; thus, Mr. Brown says to Mr. Williams;—

11. Ah, Mr. Williams! I hope Mr. day! How is Mr. Williams' business?

Mr. Williams.

Williams is well to-
Very happy to meet

In this example, Williams is in the third Person, although in reality the name of the person addressed, which has the second Person

12. Hear, land of cakes, and brother Scots!

13. Friends! Romans! Countrymen! Lovers! Lend me your ears.

The MEANS of KNOWING the PERSON of Nouns.

55. The Person of Nouns may be shown in two

ways;

First. By the meaning only.

14. Hail, holy light! Come here, boys.

We know that the Nouns, light, boys, have the Second Person, because they name narratees.

15. War brings famine, pestilence, and death.

We know that the Nouns, war, famine, pestilence, death, have the Third Person, because they name neither narrators nor narratees.

Second. By the apposition of a Noun with a pronoun. 16. I Cæsar, send these things to you, O Romans.

We know that the Noun, Cæsar, is in the First Person, because it is in apposition with that which is personated by the personator.

17. I am the man. Ye are the light of the world.

NUMBER.

LIT. DEF. The word, number,1 means that which shows how many. 56. NUMBER is a logical attribute, which a noun derives from an ideal of one, or of more than one.

57. Nouns have two kinds of Numbers; namely, Singular, and Plural Numbers,

Singular Number.

58. The SINGULAR Number is an attribute of a noun naming an idea of one object, or of one group of objects.

EXAMPLES.

1. The condition of the army was deplorable.

Parsing.

Condition is a subject noun, neuter gender, third person, singular Number. Condition has the logical attribute, singular Number, because it names an idea of one object.

1 NUMBER. (b)er, that which; num, counts, numbers. See Arith., Numeration.

Army is an adjunct noun, neuter gender, third person, singular Number. Army has the singular Number, because it names the idea of one group or collection of objects.

2. A pupil, who learns every lesson and regards every rule, deserves the commendation of the teacher.

3. What is the meaning of the phrase," Multum in Parvo?"

Multum in parvo is an adjunct noun, in apposition with phrase, neuter gender, third person, singular Number.

4. The officer ordered the men to make haste.

The men to make haste is a clause first object noun, neuter gender, third person, singular Number.

Plural Number.

LIT. DEF. The word, plural,' means belonging to many folds. 59. The PLURAL Number is an attribute of a noun naming an ideal of two, or more objects.

5. The devastations, committed by the troops, greatly distressed the inhabitants.

Parsing. Devastations is a subject common noun, neuter gender, third person, plural Number.

6. Pupils, who learn all the lessons, and regard all the rules, deserve the commendations of the teachers.

NOTE I. Phrase and Clause Nouns are generally in the Singular Number, but they may be used in either Number.

7. All the "Hail Columbias," which you have ever heard, are but repetitions of one Hail Columbia."

66

NOTE II. A Noun, which is Singular in form and Plural in signification, is called a Collective Noun, or a Noun of Multitude. Sometimes, however, in consequence of a contraction, an adjunct Noun has the appearance of a Collective Noun, when it is really a Noun in the Singular Number.

8. The jury were of different opinions.

Special Analysis. Jury is a collective noun or a noun of multitude; because, although singular in form, it is plural in meaning.

1 PLURAL. al, ; ur, mor, several; pl, folds, times.

NOTE III. A Collective Noun, meaning the group, collection, or number named, must be considered as Singular; while a Collective Noun, meaning the individuals in the group, must be Plural.

9. The army was defeated with great slaughter.

10. The committee were unanimous in their opinions. 11. The jury was charged very carefully by the judge, and yet they could not agree.

NOTE IV. In statements imputing blame to persons, the speaker may mention himself first; in all others, he should mention himself last.

The MEANS of KNOWING the NUMBERS of Nouns.

60. The Numbers of Nouns may be known in three ways;

First. By their meanings only. There are only a few

Nouns of this class.

12. My sheep is tame.

Your sheep are wild.

Second. By suffix and root modifications.

13. This bush was taken from those bushes. Your hat is among those hats.

The Noun, bush, is known to have the Singular Number, because it is used without a suffix.

The Noun, bushes, is known to have the Plural Number, by the suffix, es.

The Noun, hats, is known to have the Plural Number, because it has the suffix, s.

14. That man is looking at those men.

go with those geese.

This goose should

The Noun, man, is known to have the Singular Number, by its form. Men shows the Plural Number, by the modification caused by a being changed to e, in the root.

15. The jury could not agree until they had asked the opinion of the Court.

That is, the members of the jury, or the jury-men, could not agree, etc.

II. F and Fe Regular. F and Fe Irregular, changed to V.

And many more in ƒ and fe, unclassified. ff, is always regular ex

IV. Double in Form, or Redundant in Form, and Variable

61. Many Nouns, derived from other languages, retain their original Plurals, and some have an English form in the Plural also. The singular generally ends in a, is, us, um, on, or x. They are derived principally from the Latin and the Greek languages.