phin, wherein divers Matters between the three Crowns of England, Spain, and Portugal, from the Year 1663 to 1678, are set in a clear Light." 2 vols. 8vo. And a singular translation, called

"The Art of Metals, in which is declared the Manner of their Generation, and the Concomitants of them, in two Books; written in Spanish by Albaro Alonzo Barba, M. A. Curate of St. Bernard's Parish in the imperial City of Potosi, in the Kingdom of Peru, in the West In

dies, in the Year 1640.

Translated in the year

1669, by the Right Hon. Edward Earl of Sandwich." Lond. 1674, small 8vo.

A short preface of the editor says, "The original was regarded in Spain and the West Indies as an inestimable jewel, but that falling into the earl's hands, he enriched our language with it, being content that all our lord the king's people should be philosophers"."

[Lord Clarendon reports, that admiral Montague was of a noble family, of which some were too much

' [Several volumes in manuscript, written by the earl of Sandwich, containing his diary, relations of his voyages, embassies, journies, negotiations, correspondences, observations, &c. are said to be preserved in the Montague family.]

"Hist. of the Rebellion, vol. iii. p. 729.

addicted to innovations in religion, and in the beginning of the troubles appeared against the king; though his father, who had been long a servant to the crown, never could be prevailed upon to swerve from his allegiance, and took all the care he could to restrain this his only son within those limits: but being young and more out of his father's controll by being married into a family which at that time also trod awry, he was so far wrought upon by the caresses of Cromwell, that out of pure affection to him he was persuaded to take command in the army when it was newmodelled under Fairfax. He served in that army with the rank of a colonel, to the end of the war, having the reputation of a very stout and sober young man. From that time, Cromwell, to whom he passionately adhered, took him into his nearest confidence; and though men looked upon him as devoted to Cromwell's interest, in all other respects he behaved himself with civility to all men, and without the least show of acrimony towards any who had served the king; and was so much attached to monarchy, that he was one of those who most desired and advised Cromwell to accept and assume that title, when it was offered to him by his parliament. He was designed to command the fleet which was to hinder the Dutch from assisting the Dane against the Swede; and was upon that expedition when Richard Cromwell was thrown out of the protectorship. On his return home he went quietly into the country, and remained neglected and forgotten till those revolutions were over which were produced by Lambert's invasion upon the parliament, and

Monck's march into England; and then the secluded members being restored, called him to resume the command of the fleet. Lord Orford has supplied the remainder of his history.

The following account of his studies is taken from a catalogue of astronomers appended to Sherburne's Manilius, 1675. The late earl of Sandwich, even in the midst of his weighty state negotiations, was pleased sometime to employ himself in making considerable observations, both astronomical and physiological, and to communicate the same to the Royal Society as his

"Observations of an Eclipse of the Sun, June 22, 1666, at Madrid; the Sun's Height in the Solstice; also the Latitude of Madrid; esteeming by the Sun's Altitude in the Solstice, and by other meridian Altitudes, the Latitude of Madrid to be 40° 10′, which differs considerably from that assigned by others." He likewise made some

"Observations of the Immersions of the Satellites of Jupiter;"

and on Dec. 25, O. S. 1666, observed at Madrid a great halo about the moon; the semidiameter whereof was about 23° 30': Aldebaran being just in the north-east part of the circle, and the two horns of Aries just enclosed by the south-west of the circle, the moon being in the centre: and about five or six years before, viz. Nov. 21, O. S. 1661, an hour after sun-set, he observed a great halo about the moon of the same semidiameter, at Tangier, the moon being

very near the same place. See Philos. Transact.

No. 21, p. 390.

A very high character of lord Sandwich, written in French, and dated à Bourg-Charente, le xme Octob. 1684, may be seen in Harl. MS. 1625; and in No. 7010, are some of his lordship's letters, written while at sea, during the years 1665 and 1666; but none of them seem to call for a transcript. His treatise on metals has not been met with.]

MARGARET,

DUCHESS OF NEWCASTLE.

HAVING taken notice of her grace in the course of this work, I shall here only give a list of her works, which fill

many

folios.

"The World's Olio." Lond. 1655, folio. "Nature's Picture drawn by Fancie's Pencil, to the Life 3."

"In this volume (says the title) are several feigned stories of natural descriptions, as comical, tragical, and tragi-comical, poetical, romancical, philosophical, and historical, both in prose and verse, some all verse, some all prose, some mixt, partly prose and partly verse. Also, there are some morals and some dialogues, but they are as the advantage loaf of bread to the baker's dozen, and a true story at the latter end, wherein there

[Vide art. of the duke of Newcastle.]

[To this book, says Dr. Lort, was prefixed a curious print of the duke and duchess sitting at a table with their children, to whom the duchess is telling stories; and at the end is a very curious account of her birth, education, and life, written by her grace: where she has said very high things of the exquisite beauty of her person, and rare endowments of her mind. See Ballard. Three fine copies of this scarce book were preserved in the Bridgewater library.]