334
289

Abercrombie, Dr., quoted, 16; 59;

152; 256; 282, et passim.
Abstract ideas, 36; 301.
Action, memory a guide to, 4; 6;
necessary to thought, 87-8.
Activities, memory the remembrance
of, 298-9.

Addition, how to teach, 321.
Alphabet, how to teach, 313-4.
Analysis necessary in education, 226;
242; 264; in attention, 262-3;
288.

Aphasia, 219.

Arithmetic, how to teach, 820.
Arrangement, importance of, to
memory, 288.

Art, the, preceding the science, 87.
Association of ideas, 271-88; by con-
tiguity, 17-18; 273-88; by simi-
larity, 19; 278-88; these reduced
to one, 284; necessary to recol-
lection, 11; 223-4; 271-3; 286;
296; rational or philosophical,
20; 279; 294-6; importance of
forming right, 281; 295; in edu-
cation, 282; 295; in our actions,
245; 284; has a material basis,
285; resembles attraction in
matter, ib.; importance to, of
having mind well stocked with
ideas, 287.

Ascham, R., quoted, 317.
Attention, 251-70; necessary to me-

mory, 10; 41; 251; defects of
memory owing to want of, 11;
252; what it is, 252-3; conscious-
ness concentrated, 253; intensi-
fies our impressions, 165; 180;
254; by means of, we can follow
one voice or instrument among
many, 255; chiefly distinguishes
the man of genius among others,

Axis-cylinder, 97-8; identical with
nerve-cell substance, 94; 151.

Bailey, S., quoted, 241.
Bain, Prof., quoted, 30; 64; 162; 168;
173; 177; 229; 301; 304; 312;
822, et passim.
Bastian, Dr., quoted, 148, et passim.
Beaufort, Sir F., case of, 238.
Bell, Sir C., quoted, 269.
Bernstein, Dr., quoted, 142, et passim.
Bidder, G. P., his calculating powers,
25; 320.

Blindness, psychical, 220.
Blood, the, 69-74.
Body, the, 64-124; connects man with

335

material world, 64; connection
between mind and, 65; con-
stantly undergoing change, 68;
blood, 69-74; heart, 70-1; motor
organs, 74-5; bones, 76-7; joints,
77-8; muscles, 78-86; nervous
system, 89-120; cerebro-spinal
and ganglionic or sympathetic
systems, 90-1; white and grey
matter, 92; grey matter, 92-4;
nerve cells, ib.; nerves, 94-7;
cerebrum, 98-104; cerebellum,
104; corpora quadrigemina, 105;

optic thalami and corpora striata,
105-6; crura cerebri, 107; pons
varolii, ib.; medulla oblongata,
107-10; cerebral membranes,
110-1; spinal cord, 114-5; nerves
of, 115-7; cerebral nerves, 117-20;
exercise, effects of, 120-2; act of
locomotion, &c., 122-4.
Bones, the, 76-7.

Brain, the, 98-114; membranes of,
110-1; quantity of blood going
to, 111-2; cerebro-spinal fluid,
112; weight of, 112-3; when, at-
tains full size, 113-4; not the
sole seat of memory, 141-9; nor
of mind, 149-53.

Brodie, Sir B., quoted, 222; 238;
256, et passim.
Brown, Dr. T., quoted, 16; 17; 284;
263, et passim.
Brown-Sequard, Dr., quoted, 148.

Calculation, mental, 25.
Carlyle, T., quoted, 248.
Carpenter, Dr. W. B., quoted, 9; 73;
249; 250; 291; 313; 322, et
passim.
Cell life, 60; 61.
Cerebellum, 104.
Cerebrum, 98-104; convolutions of,
99-100; grey matter of, ib.; 103;
white matter, 100-3; seat of
mind, 102; number of cells in,
103; cerebral nerves, 117-20-see
Brain.

Chalmers, Dr., case of, cited, 266;
quoted, 302.

Chess playing, blindfolded, 24-5.
Cicero, quoted, 291.

Clarke, Dr. Adam, his loss of memory,

323.

Cleland, Prof., quoted, 150; 152.
Colburn, Zerah, 25, 249.
Coleridge, S. T., quoted, 294.
Solour, undulations of, 188-91; har-
mony in, 190.

Common sense, derived from experi-
ence, 240.

Consciousness, memory necessary to,
2; 234; formerly regarded as co-
extensive with mind, 48; 227;
much regarding which, gives us
no information, 50-1; change
necessary to, 206; 229; an act
of antagonism, 230; exists in an
inverse ratio to degree of in-
tensity of sensations, &c., ib.;
time necessary to, 214-6; 231-2;

244-5; not co-extensive with
mind, 235; always much in the
mind of which we are uncon-
scious, 236-9; whatever has once
been consciously in the mind is
ever after retained, 239; the
more any power or faculty is
trained the less consciously it
acts, 247; necessary at first, 247-
8; afterwards it may be a hin
drance, 248; progress towards
unconsciousness, ib.; the highest
operations are carried on uncon-
sciously, 249; the highest form
of memory unconscious, 250;
regarded by some as an evil, 230.
Consciousness, double, 272.
Contiguity, association by, 17; 18;

273-4; two kinds of, successive
and synchronous, 274-6; strong
in children, &c., 277; to be culti-
vated, 277-8; disadvantage of,
279-80.

Corpora quadrigemina, 105.
Corpora striata, 105.
Corpus callosum, 99; 102.
Cramming, evil of, 322.
Crura cerebri, 107.

Cunningham, Dr. J., quoted, 802.
Curiosity favourable to memory, 41;
806.

De Quincey, T., quoted, 9; 262.
Differentiation, 268.
Division of labour, advantages of,
264-5; 266.

Doing one thing at a time, 258-9.
Draper, Dr., quoted, 59, et passim.
Drowning persons recalling their
past life, 238.

Ear, the, 175; 181; associated with
the voice and speech, 182-3;
315-7.

Education, defects of present system,
8; 225; 312-3; should form clear
images in mind, 224-6; science of,
yet unformed, 225; importance
of analysis in, 226; 242; 264; 266;
great object of, 248; untrained
activity diffusive, 268; associa-
tion of ideas in, 282; 295; art of
questioning, 282; on training the
vocal organs, 287; 304-5; cultiva-
tion of memory the great business

of, 312; how to teach the alphabet,
813-4; pronunciation, 315; spell-
ing, ib.; foreign languages, 316-9;
writing, 319; arithmetic, 820;
addition, 321; oramming, evil of,
822.

Ego and non-ego, 205; 230; 801.
Example, power of, 301.
Exercise, effects of, on bones, 76-7;

muscles, 84; 86; 297; nervous
system, 120-2; senses, 298.
Expression necessary to thought, 75;
87-8.

Eye, the, 191-8; movements of, 193;
the mind's, the retina, 301.

Fairy tales, &c., value of in educa
tion, 215.

Feelings opposed to memory, 299.
Feinaigle, G. von, quoted, 293, et
passim.

Ferrier, Prof. J., quoted, 280-1; 249,
et passim.

Figures, dates, &c., how to remember,
310-1.

Forget, does the mind ever,? 9; 11;
12; 235-9.

Fuller, Thos., quoted, 324.

Galton, F., quoted, 225, et passim.
Ganglia, the, 90-1.

Genius, the concentrating of atten-
tion, 256.

Goethe, quoted, 249.

Griesinger, Dr., quoted, 182.

Grotius, H., his great memory, 12.

Habit, power of, 85-6.
Hamilton, Sir W., quoted, 1; 9; 21;
26; 82; 148; 149; 151; 152;
229; 233; 234; 239; 243; 253;
284, et passim.

Hartley, D., quoted, 324, et passim.
Hearing, 175-85; organ of, 175-6;
sonorous vibrations, 176-9; musi-
cal tones, 178-9; differences in
acuteness of, 179-80; deafness,
180; attention in, ib.; direction
of sounds, 181; value of, ib.;
loss of, 182; closely associated
with the voice, ib.; highly sus-
ceptible of education, 184.
Helmholtz, Dr., quoted, 137; 177;
179, et passim.

Hereditary transmission of qualities,
61-3.

Hering, Dr. E., quoted, 297, et passim.
Heyse, Dr. K. W. L., quoted, 202.

Language should be learnt by ear,
182-3; foreign, how to learn,
316-9; the Prendergast system,
818-9.

Laycock, Dr., quoted, 244, et passim.
Leibnitz, quoted, 228.
Lewis, G. H., quoted, 234, et passim.
Leyden, Dr. J., his great memory,
12; 19.

Liberty and necessity, 241.
Light, 188-91; undulations of, ib.
Local memory, 16-17; 290-2.
Locke, John, quoted, 12; 53; 218; 317,
et passim.
Locomotor ataxia, 218.
Loisettian system, xiii.
Luys, J., quoted, 241, et passim.

M'Cosh, Dr. J., quoted, 250.
M'Kendrick, Prof., quoted, 150,
passim.

Mansel, Dean, quoted, 158.
Materialism not opposed to immor-
tality, 52-3; 55.

Matter, 47-8; 51; value of, to mind,
55; 65; limits of, unknown, 56;
minuteness of, ib.; retains traces
of changes it has undergone, 57;
seen in the earth's crust, ib.; in
trees, 58; in all material things,
59; in our bodies, 60.
Maudsley, Dr., quoted, 245; 248,
passim.

Medulla oblongata, 107-10.
Memory, what it is, 1; importance
of, 2; 4-6; good, rare, 3; pleasures
of, 6; defects of, what owing to,
8; 11; too limited views of, 8;
never forgets, 9; 11; 12; 235-9;
241; includes retention and re-
production, 10; not a single
faculty, 12; each faculty has its
distinct, ib.; 89; errors from
regarding, as a single faculty,
13-14; for words the lowest form
of, 14-15; invention depends on,
15-16; three kinds of, 16; 290;
(1) local or verbal, ib.; (2) ra-
tional or philosophical, 19; 294-6;
(3) representative or imaginative,
21; 296-7; superiority of last,
27; similarity between original
and recalled impression, 29;
owing to the same parts being
affected, 30; 300; 807; whatever
prevents mind from acting on
the same parts, prejudicial to,
299; not confined to the brain,
82-3; 39; 66-7; 141-9; 297; 307;
not an intellectual but rather a
sense-faculty, 802; physical basis
of, 35; 37-9; 45; 55-6; 60; 65;
84; 123-4; 297; conditions of
body favourable to, 41; 805-6;
depends on the blood, 71-4; senses
necessary to, 140; loss of, 220-3;
has to do with mental images,
223-4; exalted states of, in fever,
&c., 237; perfectibility of, 239;
the highest acts of, unconscious,
250; attention necessary to, 251;
defects of, owing to want of at-
tention, 252; how to improve
the, 289-327; capable of indefinite
improvement, 289; arts of im-
proving the, 290; 293; depends
on the character of original
impressions, 296; 303; the re-
membrance of activities, 298-9;

should be trusted, 323; spoiled
by doubt, 823-4; not to be forced,
324; first impressions, value of,
to, 306; of figures, dates, &c.,
810-1; to be exercised, 325;
reading without reflection in-
jurious to, 325-6; use of note-
books injurious to, 827.
Mental images, 202-26; mind can

only perceive, 203; become clear
by degrees, 204; 212; conscious-
ness, 206; have a material basis,
207; not alone in the brain, ib.;
have hitherto received but little
attention, 208; different kinds of,
visual, auditory, &c., ib.; some
persons excel in one kind, others
in another, ib.; of muscular
movements, 209; of thoughts,
211; serve to guide our actions,
211; 213; necessary to volition,
212; a high ideal necessary to
success, 214; unconscious, 214-6;
importance of, 216; different
kinds of, 216-7; loss of, 218-
22; are what memory has to
deal with, 223-4; its strength
depends on the clearness and
distinctness of the, ib.; not con-
fined to the eye, 226; present
in associated movements, 245;
284-5.

Mezzofanti, Cardinal, his great me-
mory, 12; 818.

Mill, James, quoted, 321, et passim.
Milton, John, quoted, 52; 53; 55;

817.

Mind, single, 42; 253; 266; 313;
what? 47; erroneous view of,
48; by some held to be material,
49; impossible for our present
faculties to determine, 50; 51;
materiality does not involve im-
mortality, 52; Milton's view, 53;
55; every act of, leaves a bodily
impress, 55-6; in sensation, 133;
in sight, 194-5; in whole body,
149-58; 267-9; passing from one
form of activity to another, 265.
Mind-wandering, 148; to cure, ib.
Mnemonical systems, v; 277; 290-2;
293-4; 310.

Morell, J. D., quoted, 240; 248, et
passim.

Motion in sensation, 81; 134; 147; dif
ferent rates of, in different kinds
of sensation, 135-6; no voluntary,
without memory, 2; memory of

each kind of, distinct, 12; in
recollection, 82; in thought,
85-6; effects of, permanent, 37;
89; 66.

Motor organs, the, 74-89; 122-4;
memory of, 304-5.

Müller, Dr. J., quoted, 268, et passim.
Muscles, the, 78-89; contractility of,

78-9; voluntary and involuntary,
79-80; fibres of, ib.; blood vessels,
81; nerves, 81-2; sensibility of,
82-3; exercise, 84; power of will
over, 85-6; 212; necessary to
memory, 40; 84; 146-7; 297;
800-1.
Muscular sense, the, 82-8; 142-4;
157-60; loss of, 86; memory of,
158-9; 209-10; 300; mental images
of, 209-10; exercise of, 159-60.
Musical tones, 178-9; pitch, 178;
timbre, 179; harmonics, ib.

Nerve force and electricity, 188.
Nerves, the, 94-8; afferent and effe-
rent, 95;141; 300; each capable of
conducting impressions in either
direction, 141-9.

Nervous system, the, 89-124; nerves
and nerve centres, 90; ganglia,
90-1; grey and white substances,
92; nerve cells, 92-4; fibres, 97;
effects of exercise on, 120-2.
Newton, Sir I., quoted, 256.
Note-books, use of, injurious
memory, 827.

Object lessons, value of, 224,
Olfactory nerves, 117.
Optic nerves, 118.
Optic thalami, 105.

Organic memory, 60-62; 285.

Paralysis, 88; 197; 218; hysterical,
219.

Pascal, B., his great memory, 11.
Perception, 144-6; 205; minimum
of, 232-3.

Philosophical memory-see Rational.
Physical basis of memory, 35; 37-9;

45; 55-6; 60; 65; 84; 123-4;
297; of association of ideas, 285;
of attention, 266.

Pick, Dr., quoted, 278.
Pineal gland, 105.

Pons varolii, 107.

Port Royal Logic, quoted, 812.
Prendergast system, the, of learning
languages, 318-9.

Quain's Anatomy, quoted, 81; 118,
et passim.

Questions, art of asking, 282-8.
Quintilian, quoted, 291.

Rational memory, 19; 20; 279;
294-6.

Reading without reflection hurtful
to memory, 325-6; in, we un-
consciously observe the letters
of each word, 242-3; a letter
suggests a word, 243; looking for
a word, ib.

Reid, Dr. T., quoted, 145; 263, et
passim.
Recollection, 43-6; 67; beginning
difficult, 45; 147-8; depends on
association, 296.

Repetition, effect of, 6; 41; 66-7;
246.
Representative memory, 21; 23; 26;

296; superiority of, 27-8; 296;
800; how to cultivate, 308-12.
Retention and reproduction in
memory, 10; 11.

Retina, 33-4; 191-4; the, the mind's
eye, 301.

Ribot, T., quoted, 72; 122; 128; 219;
232; 285; 274; 804, et passim.
Rote, learning by, 804; 817.

Schmid, H., quoted, 239.
Sensation, produced by motion, 81-8;
35-6; 39-40; 184-7; what it is,
129-30; mind most important
factor in, 188; understanding
sometimes overrides, 262; only
symbolic, 187-8; and perception,
144-7; 205.

Senses, the, 125-201: impart know-
ledge of external world, 125-6;
128; 153-4; instruments for im-
proving the, 127-8; number of,
128; stimulus of, 130-1; "multi-
pliers of disturbance," 181; outer
organ, 132; connecting nerves,
ib.; central portion, 182-8; loss
of organ, 148-9; muscular, 157-
60; touch, 160-6; taste, 166-70;
smell, 170-5; hearing, 175-85;
sight, 185-201; training of, 89;
155-6; 303; necessary to memory,
40; 140; 146; 800-1; 802; to
thought, 86; 188; to voluntary
motion, 189; cultivation of, 807.

12.

Sensorium, 105; 284
Siddons, Mrs., 259.