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A religious service is paid to the saints
The Creed of first General Council of Nice
The Creed of Pope Pius IV.

JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH

Cyprian on post-baptismal sins

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The Roman Catholic system of justification

Bossuet 394

The proof of the Protestant doctrine

395

Decrees of the Council of Trent on justification

399

The Romish doctrine of indulgences, from "The Christian doctrine," and from C. Butler's Book of the Roman Catholic Church

401

Appendix de Indulgentiis

Delahogue 401

Pallavicini 403

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At the Council of Trent the Romish divines differed in

their views of justification.

Prayer to the Virgin to appease the wrath of Christ

TRANSUBSTANTIATION.

Scriptural passages where the same figure is used, as "This is my body"

Resumption of the argument

405

406

407

412

The decrees of the Council of Trent on transubstantiation The Council of Trent admits a difference of patristic interpretation of the 6th chapter of St. John's Gospel 413 Some Romish doctors gave the Protestant interpretation of this chapter

Bellarmine 413

The intention of the Romish ministers is necessary for a valid sacrament Council of Trent 414

The body of Christ may naturally be present in heaven, and sacramentally on earth

The Catechism of the Council of Trent says that the bones and nerves of Christ's body are present in the eucharist

Certain Romish doctors held that the words of the Scripture do not alone prove transubstantiation

The Fathers of the Iconoclast Council of Canstantinople
call the eucharist an image of Christ

Johannes Erigena wrote against transubstantiation
Extract from a Saxon homily

Bertram; Berengarius; Council of Lat. IV.

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415

415

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PAGE.

THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS.

It is a propitiatory sacrifice
Catechism of Council of Trent

Argument against the Mass

Conc. Trid. 419

420

421

425

Dupin 425

The XXXIst Article of the Church of England

On the liturgies falsely attributed to the Apostles

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Subjection to the Roman Pontiff essential to salvation
Boniface; Leo X. 5th Conc. Lat. 436
Extract from Sixtus Vth's bull of deposition of the
King of Navarre
Extract from Pius Vth's bull of deposition of Queen

Elizabeth

Emperors and kings are to hold the Pope's bridle, &c.

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436

436

Book of Sacred Ceremonies 437 Extraordinary penance and absolution of the Emperor of Germany

Greg. VII. 438

The Emperor of Germany kisses the Pope's feet

Baronius 439

The Kings of France and England hold the Pope's bridle, &c.

The King of Germany does the same

Baronius
Baronius

Pope Celestine kicks off the Emperor of Germany's crown

439

439

Baronius 439

The necks of kings and princes are put under the knees

of priests Decretum Gratiani 440 The same difference exists between the Popes and kings as between the sun and the moon. Decret. Greg. IX. 441 The Pope is God's vicegerent upon earth

Decret. Greg. IX. The Pope's titles are the same as those of Christ

442

Bellarmine 442

Divine titles given to Popes Julian and Leo X by certain of the preachers to the fifth Lateran Council

Pope Alexander VI. hailed as a god

Labbæus et Coss.

The Pope said to have been called God by Constantine

443

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Priest Eustace's remarks on the Pope's adoration after

his election.

The adoration of Pope Pius II.

The Papal Supremacy-continued.

The Right Rev. Dr. Doyle's (a Roman Catholic bishop) account of Pope Gregory VIIth's immeasurable ambition, and of the gross perversion of Scripture by the Popes of the Middle Ages

The false decretals

PAGE.

446

The forged donation of Constantine

Extract from Pius IVth's Creed on reading the Scrip

PURGATORY, the doctrine and its refutation

Decree of the Council of Trent

Catechism of the Council of Trent

Fleury 449
Dupin 452

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458

459

459

Bellarmine on the pains and locality of purgatory Bellarmine on the duration of purgatory Bellarmine affirms that many of the Fathers held that all, except Christ, passed through purgatory Different interpretations given by the Fathers of the passage, "Agree with thine adversary quickly," &c. 459 Different interpretations given by the Fathers of the

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passage, "What shall they do, who are baptized for
the dead?" &c.

Indulgences for thousands of years, from the "Horæ
Beatissimæ Virginis"

THE RULE OF FAITH

Romish differences

All things necessary were written

All the traditions are now written

The Scriptures prove the abolition of the Jewish Sab

bath, and infant baptism

tures

460

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480

The Right Rev. Dr. Doyle's evidence

480

The Council of Toulouse prohibits the use of the Scriptures in the vulgar tongue

481

The bull Unigenitus declares that the use of the Scrip

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The Rule of the Fathers appointed by the Council of
Trent against the indiscriminate reading of the
Scriptures

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Pope Adrian admitted the fallibility of a Pope
Pope Pius II. held, as Æneas Sylvius, that a General
Council is above a Pope, and when he was Pope
recanted

483

484

485

Bellarmine 486

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РАСБ.

The Rule of Faith-continued.

Peter Lombard, and other Romish doctors, declare that
priestly absolution is ministerial

The decrees of the Council of Trent on absolution
Many Romish theologians taught that servile fear is
sufficient for reconciliation with God, without any
love of God.

Dr. Delahogue shews that the form of absolution has
changed, and some other differences respecting the
nature of the love requisite in the sacrament of
penance, the materia proxima, &c.

The encyclical letter of Gregory XVIth
Extract from Mariotti

The Creed the only foundation of the Church

No Pauline Epistle from Laodicea

488

489

490

492-3,-4

495

497

498

Dupin 498

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No decision respecting the immaculate conception of the

Virgin Mary

Augustine enumerates eighty-eight heresies
The bull Unigenitus

The list of General Councils

UNIVERSITY

CALIFORNIA

PREFACE.

IN reading the works of the Fathers it is essential to recollect,

1. That the greater part of the works of the Fathers of the first three centuries after the birth of Christ are lost.

2. That we have the works only of the dominant party of the Fathers of the Nicene age, unless Eusebius be considered as an exception.

3. That almost all of the most celebrated of the Nicene Fathers, Jerome, Chrysostom, Basil, Gregory Nazianzen, Gregory Nyssen, Athanasius, who wrote the life of St. Anthony, and even Augustine, were more or less ascetics, and partook of the fanaticism of their age.

4. That they were all confessedly fallible men, and that their interpretations of the Scriptures are not unanimous. 5. That they not only contradict each other, but themselves.

6. That in reading the writings of fallible men it is necessary to know at what period of their lives, under what circumstances, and with what views, their several works were composed; and also to ascertain their characters, judgment, scriptural knowledge, and Christian experience.

7. That very many works have been ascribed to the Fathers and for ages generally received and quoted as theirs, which the learned have since ascertained that they never wrote; and that great doubts exist in the minds of learned Roman Catholics respecting the genuineness of many of the works which are now generally assigned to them.

8. That as all the Greek Fathers, and many of the Latin Fathers, used very figurative language, many passages can be quoted from them which seem to favour transubstantiation and the mass.

9. That there is not a Romish error, with the exception, perhaps, of the worship of the Virgin Mary, and of the use and veneration of images, which cannot be supported by extracts from the genuine works of one or more of the Ni

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